Core Insights - The U.S. stock market, represented by the S&P 500, is experiencing a strong year with a 16% increase in 2025 despite economic uncertainties due to President Trump's tariffs [2][8] - A Federal Reserve study indicates that these tariffs will negatively impact economic growth, leading to increased unemployment and slower GDP growth [4][5] - The current valuation of the S&P 500 is at 22.4 times forward earnings, one of the highest in the past 40 years, raising concerns about future stock market performance [8] Economic Impact - The Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco's research suggests that tariffs will reduce GDP growth by half a percentage point in 2025 and 2026, which could lead to slower corporate earnings growth [5][6] - Historical data shows a correlation between GDP growth and corporate earnings growth, indicating that slower GDP growth could adversely affect stock market performance [6][7] Market Valuation - The S&P 500's current valuation is concerning, as it has only reached similar levels during two other periods in the last 40 years, suggesting potential overvaluation [8] - Comparatively, between 2005 and 2014, nominal U.S. GDP rose by 43% while the S&P 500 achieved a total return of 110%, and between 2015 and 2024, nominal GDP rose by 67% with a total return of 243% for the S&P 500 [9]

来源：国是直通车 作者：陶思阅 受此前美国联邦政府"停摆"影响，多项关键经济数据发布延迟，这意味着美联储在数据受限的条件下进 行利率决策。 美联储决策机构联邦公开市场委员会发表声明称，经济前景的不确定性依然较高，近几个月就业面临的 下行风险有所增加。鉴于风险平衡变化，决定将联邦基金利率目标区间下调25个基点。 就本次降息25个基点，联邦公开市场委员会12名委员中9人投票赞成，有3人投反对票。其中一名委员要 求降息50个基点，另外两名委员主张维持利率不变。这是自2019年以来首次出现如此多的反对票。 鲍威尔表示，今年美联储通过三次会议降息75个基点，这一政策立场的进一步正常化将有助于稳定劳动 力市场，同时使通胀在关税影响消退后得以重新朝着2%的目标下降。鲍威尔还指出，美国关税政策导 致通胀过高。 特朗普表示，经济增长并不意味着通货膨胀，即使出现通货膨胀也没关系，可以减缓通货膨胀。 传递的政策信号值得关注 专家分析认为，议息会议传递的未来政策信号和美联储内部团结度值得关注。美联储两大使命是促进充 分就业和维持物价稳定，然而在今年10月的货币政策会议上，美联储官员当时已就12月是否进一步降息 出现明显分歧。 如市场 ...

Group 1 - The World Bank's latest economic report indicates that China's GDP grew by 5.2% year-on-year as of the third quarter of 2025, supported by loose fiscal and monetary policies that bolster domestic consumption and investment [1] - The World Bank has raised its economic growth forecasts for China for 2025 and 2026 by 0.4 percentage points compared to the previous report [1] - Future economic growth in China is expected to rely more on domestic demand, with structural reforms in the social security system and a more predictable business environment being crucial for boosting confidence and achieving resilient, sustainable growth [1] Group 2 - The report analyzes the relationship between high savings rates and consumer behavior, noting that nearly half of Chinese residents' savings are invested in real estate, with about a quarter in bank deposits [2] - The preference for low-risk bank deposits is influenced by precautionary savings needs and limited long-term financial products, compounded by recent declines in housing prices and cautious income expectations [2] - The World Bank suggests that China's financial system, particularly non-bank financial institutions, can play a greater role in promoting consumer spending, and enhancing the depth and transparency of capital markets will help reduce precautionary savings and shift the economy towards consumption-driven growth [2]

早盘速递 2025/12/11 热点资讯 5. 据证券时报，近日，北京光和谦成科技有限责任公司正式登记成立，注册资本30亿元，经营范围包含：技术服务、技术开 发、技术咨询、技术交流、技术转让、技术推广；企业管理咨询。企查查股权穿透显示，该公司由通威股份旗下通威光伏科技 有限公司、协鑫科技咨询服务有限公司、大全能源、新特能源等共同持股。 重点关注 白银、菜油、纸浆、沪铜、沪金 夜盘表现 板块表现 -1.50 -1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 板块涨跌幅（%） -10.0% -5.0% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% -3.00% -2.00% -1.00% 0.00% 1.00% 2.00% 3.00% 4.00% 5.00% 商品期货主力合约夜盘涨跌幅 涨跌幅 增仓比率（右轴） 非金属建材, 2.78% 贵金属, 30.86% 油脂油料, 8.82% 软商品, 3.00% 有色, 24.53% 煤焦钢矿, 11.60% 能源, 2.57% 化工, 10.73% 谷物, 1.41% 农副产品, 3.70% 商 品 各 ...

这些随新政策声明一同发布的季度预测，将为明年5月接替美联储主席鲍威尔的人设定基准预期，并相 当于给美国总统特朗普重返白宫后的这关键第一年开出的一份成绩单。 特朗普2024年总统竞选的核心议题——围绕通胀和负担能力的问题仍未解决。这位共和党总统在经济方 面的支持率正在下降，截至9月，食品价格同比上涨2.7%，而他在1月重掌大权时这一数字还不到2%。 此外，高房价和高抵押贷款利率相结合，使许多人无法触及住房所有权。 然而，今年早些时候一些最糟糕的预期结果并未成为现实。当时特朗普最初的"解放日"关税计划引发了 关于全球贸易崩溃、价格上涨与高失业率这一致命组合，甚至存在关于"圣诞购物季被取消"的讨论。 9月份美国失业率维持在4.4%的温和水平，这是目前可获得数据的最新月份。经济增长前景也有所改 善。尽管整体通胀率仍高于美联储2%的目标，但有合理的理由认为明年可能会有所缓解。 AI播客：换个方式听新闻 下载mp3 音频由扣子空间生成 美联储官员将于北京时间周四发布新的经济预测，为一个动荡的年份画上句号。 这一年，原本寄望的从通胀中"软着陆"，因关税上涨和移民打击导致工人供应受限而演变为价格压力的 重燃，而美联储在大部分 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. Core Viewpoints - Economic growth shows cost reduction and widespread decline in steel prices, with production - related indicators such as power plant daily consumption, blast furnace operation rate, tire operation rate, and loom operation rate showing different trends; demand - side data for real estate, automobiles, steel, cement, glass, and shipping also vary [1][4]. - Inflation is characterized by the agricultural product price index being higher than in recent years, with different price trends for various agricultural products; PPI shows weak oil prices, and different trends for copper and aluminum prices [2][4]. Summary by Directory 1. Economic Growth: Cost Reduction and Widespread Decline in Steel Prices 1.1 Production: Seasonal Increase in Power Plant Daily Consumption - **1.1.1 Production End: Seasonal Increase in Power Plant Daily Consumption** - On December 9, the average daily consumption of 6 major power - generation groups was 79.7 tons, a 2.3% increase from December 2; on December 2, the daily consumption of power plants in eight southern provinces was 190.8 tons, a 3.9% increase from November 25. Heating demand in the north boosts power consumption, but demand in non - power industries has limited growth [4][12]. - **1.1.2 Production End: Overall Decline in Blast Furnace Operation Rate** - On December 5, the national blast furnace operation rate was 80.1%, a 0.9 - percentage - point decrease from November 28; the capacity utilization rate was 87.1%, also a 0.9 - percentage - point decrease. However, the blast furnace operation rate of Tangshan steel mills increased by 2.4 percentage points. Heavy - pollution response measures and weakening demand in the off - season led to the decline [4][17]. - **1.1.3 Production End: Slight Recovery in Tire Operation Rate** - On December 4, the operation rate of all - steel truck tires was 63.5%, a 0.2 - percentage - point increase from November 27; the operation rate of semi - steel car tires was 70.9%, a 1.7 - percentage - point increase. The loom operation rate in the Jiangsu - Zhejiang region continued to decline [4][20]. 1.2 Demand: Cost Reduction and Widespread Decline in Steel Prices - **1.2.1 Demand End: Improved Monthly - on - Monthly New Home Sales in 30 Cities** - From December 1 - 9, the average daily sales area of commercial housing in 30 large - and medium - sized cities was 256,000 square meters, a 42.0% increase from November, but a decline compared to the same period in previous years. Sales in first - tier, second - tier, and third - tier cities all decreased year - on - year [4][25]. - **1.2.2 Demand End: Weak Growth in Automobile Retail Sales** - In December, retail sales decreased by 32% year - on - year, and wholesale sales decreased by 40% year - on - year. The low growth was due to high sales in December last year and the weakening impact of the trade - in policy [4][29]. - **1.2.3 Demand End: Widespread Decline in Steel Prices** - On December 9, the prices of rebar, wire rod, hot - rolled coil, and cold - rolled coil decreased by 2.4%, 2.1%, 2.7%, and 0.5% respectively compared to December 2. Steel inventory reduction accelerated [4][34]. - **1.2.4 Demand End: Moderate Increase in Cement Prices** - On December 9, the national cement price index increased by 0.4% compared to December 2, with prices in the East China and Yangtze River regions performing better. However, price increases were difficult to implement due to high inventory in some areas. The year - on - year decline in cement prices narrowed [4][35]. - **1.2.5 Demand End: Glass Prices Reached a New Low in the Second Half of the Year** - On December 9, the active glass futures contract price was 985 yuan/ton, a 5.2% decrease from December 2. Weak demand and high inventory were the main reasons [4][40]. - **1.2.6 Demand End: Container Shipping Freight Index Turned Down Again** - On December 5, the CCFI index decreased by 0.6% and the SCFI index decreased by 0.4% compared to November 28. Weak market demand and expanding container ship capacity dragged down freight rates [4][44]. 2. Inflation: Agricultural Product Price Index Higher than in Recent Years 2.1 CPI: Agricultural Product Price Index Higher than in Recent Years - **2.1.1 Pork Prices Rose and Then Fell** - On December 9, the average wholesale price of pork was 17.6 yuan/kg, a 0.1% decrease from December 2. The pressure came from the concentrated slaughter at the end of the year. The month - on - month decline widened [4][49]. - **2.1.2 Agricultural Product Price Index Higher than in Recent Years** - On December 9, the agricultural product wholesale price index increased by 1.1% compared to December 2. Different agricultural products had different price trends. The year - on - year and month - on - month increases in the agricultural product price index were 6.0% and 2.4% respectively [4][55]. 2.2 PPI: Weak Oil Prices - **2.2.1 Oil Prices Weakened** - On December 9, the spot prices of Brent and WTI crude oil were $62.8 and $58.3 per barrel respectively, a 2.2% and 0.7% decrease from December 2. Oversupply expectations and weakening geopolitical support led to the decline [4][58]. - **2.2.2 Copper Prices Rose and Aluminum Prices Fell** - On December 9, the prices of LME 3 - month copper and aluminum increased by 3.0% and decreased by 0.7% respectively compared to December 2. The domestic commodity index showed different trends in month - on - month changes [4][63]. - **2.2.3 Most Industrial Product Prices Declined Month - on - Month** - Since December, most industrial product prices declined month - on - month, with coking coal and coke having the largest declines. The year - on - year decline in most industrial product prices narrowed, except for cold - rolled sheet and glass [4][65].

根据《国际货币基金组织协定》第四条，IMF通常每年与成员国进行一次双边讨论。IMF工作人员小组 访问成员国，收集经济和金融信息并与成员国官员讨论经济发展情况和政策。 （编辑：吴婧 审核：朱紫云 校对：翟军） 中经记者 杜丽娟 北京报道 12月10日，国际货币基金组织（IMF）举行新闻发布会，IMF总裁格奥尔基耶娃在发布会上介绍，中国 经济在冲击下体现出显著韧性，IMF预计中国经济在2025年增长5.0%，较10月《世界经济展望》上调 0.2个百分点。 ...

Group 1 - In November, economic activity showed signs of weak improvement, with inventory levels decreasing, which may lead to a more orderly recovery in production [1][7] - The manufacturing PMI rose slightly by 0.2 percentage points to 49.2% in November, indicating that production constraints from high inventory levels are still present [1][7] - Industrial added value growth is expected to remain stable at 4.9% in November, with a faster pace of inventory reduction potentially easing the impact of high inventory on future production [1][7] Group 2 - Domestic demand highlights are seen in investment and service consumption, with the negative impact of debt reduction on investment potentially easing [2][22] - Investment indicators showed a general performance in November, despite a year-on-year decline of approximately 16% in construction and installation investment in October [2][22] - Service consumption is expected to improve due to the promotion of autumn holidays, despite pressures from the decline in trade-in programs [2][22] Group 3 - Economic growth pressure remains focused on the manufacturing sector, primarily due to companies accelerating debt repayments, which further constrains investment [3][28] - The real estate sector continues to drag on the economy, with November seeing further declines in real estate investment and commodity housing sales [3][42] - The sales area of commodity housing in November fell by 33.1% year-on-year, indicating a significant downturn in the real estate market [3][42] Group 4 - Inflation indicators showed improvement in November, with CPI rising to 0.7% year-on-year, supported by price increases in fresh vegetables and gold [4][57] - The PPI is expected to remain stable, with upstream commodity prices continuing to support it, although the recovery in mid- and downstream prices is slower [4][51] - The overall economic growth in November is projected to be around 4.4%, indicating resilience in growth despite challenges [4][78]

Group 1: Inflation Analysis - The core scenario for the U.S. economy in 2025 is described as a "Goldilocks scenario," where the economy maintains a moderate growth rate and inflation returns to the 2% target, indicating a soft landing [2] - The U.S. PCE inflation data for September shows a year-on-year increase of 2.8%, with the overall PCE rising by 0.1 percentage points from August, while core PCE decreased by 0.1 percentage points [3] - The increase in overall PCE inflation is primarily driven by a 0.5% rise in commodity prices, marking the largest monthly increase this year, particularly due to a 1.7% rise in energy prices [3] Group 2: Consumer Spending and Economic Growth - Consumer spending is being restrained by rising costs and uncertainty regarding employment and economic outlook, with real personal disposable income growing by only 0.1% in September [5] - The ISM services PMI index for November indicates a decrease in service and material payment prices, supporting the trend of cooling service inflation [5] - Economic growth is slowing due to uncertainties from tariffs and geopolitical factors, with employment showing low hiring rates and a slight increase in unemployment [6] Group 3: Future Economic Outlook - The primary driver of economic growth is large-scale investments in AI and related infrastructure, alongside increased consumption from middle to high-income earners [6] - Potential risks for the U.S. economy in the coming year include concerns over an AI bubble and high government debt levels, but the probability of recession may remain controlled due to possible monetary and fiscal policy measures [6]

去年以来，美国居民收入增长趋缓，中低收入群体因成本上升及担忧就业和经济前景不确定性而精打细 算，控制支出。9月经通胀调整后的实际个人可支配收入仅增长0.1%，实际个人消费支出环比增长0%， 个人储蓄率高达4.7%，对消费需求的抑制仍在持续，价格也将相应受到抑制，通胀下行趋势仍将延 续。美国11月ISM服务业PMI指数显示，11月服务及材料支付价格指数从10月70降至65.4，为今年4月以 来最低，尽管仍处历史较高水平，但印证了服务通胀降温的趋势性判断。更加重要的是，尽管美国通胀 高于2%目标已持续4年多，但长期通胀预期特别是市场指标仍较为稳固地锚定在2%附近，为最终实现 通胀目标提供了保障。 从2022年3月开始，美联储为降低通胀连续加息直至2023年7月，很多经济学家包括美联储都预测美国经 济将因此衰退，失业率大幅上升，但当时衰退并未发生。进入2024年后，美国通胀有所反弹和顽固，同 时就业走弱，经济降温趋冷，衰退论再次浮现。明年将会如何？笔者认为，可以分别从通胀和增长两个 方面分析。 从通胀看，美国商务部12月5日公布因联邦政府关闭延迟的9月PCE通胀数据显示，美国9月PCE和核心 PCE价格指数同比均增 ...