21世纪经济报道记者吴斌 上海报道 根据瑞能半导体全球销售和市场副总裁尹晨丰的观察，目前半导体企业普遍对关税处于观望状态，美国 关税政策朝令夕改，急于应对反而容易吃亏，目前企业还没有显著调整供应链。 从前身飞利浦半导体时期算起，瑞能半导体有逾50年历史，在功率半导体等领域深耕，产品广泛应用于 以家电为代表的消费电子、以通信电源为代表的工业制造、新能源及汽车等领域。近年来，受益于新能 源与汽车产业的本土化需求激增，瑞能半导体中国市场业务占全球的比重从50%—60%显著提升至约 70%。 展望未来，沈鑫还期待通过AI帮助半导体设计，提高企业的管理水平和服务质量，"黑灯工厂"在功率半 导体行业并不多，自动化程度偏低，未来AI在半导体行业智能制造上的潜力巨大。 随着人工智能算力提高，功耗也会增加，尹晨丰认为这是挑战也是机遇，对功率半导体等产品的需求在 增加，能更好解决市场"痛点"的半导体产品会脱颖而出。 从中长期看，半导体国产化进程有望进一步深化。沈鑫预计，在功率半导体领域，中国企业在全球市场 上的份额提升是中长期趋势，与关税关系不大，而是中国企业竞争力提升的必然结果，未来有非常大的 想象空间。 尹晨丰对记者分析称， ...

众所周知，中国正在加紧推进半导体的国产化进程，其中设备作为半导体产业的基石，其国产化水 平决定着整个半导体产业链的自主可控程度。近期有预测称，到2025年中国大陆半导体设备整体 国产化率有望达到50%，该消息引起了行业一众关注。究竟真实进展如何？ 4月21日，企查查显示，中微半导体（上海）有限公司宣布注册资本由10亿元人民币增至40亿元人 民币，增幅达300%。通过增资，中微公司将进一步增强资金实力，加速技术研发和市场拓展，提 升在全球半导体设备市场的竞争力。 中微公司2024年财报显示，公司实现营业收入90.65亿元，同比增长44.7%，其中刻蚀设备贡献超 72亿元，同比增长54.7%，稳居国产刻蚀设备龙头。尽管净利润约16.16亿元，同比下滑9.5%，但 扣非净利润约13.88亿元，同比增长16.5%。这一下滑主要受研发投入激增影响，2024年研发费用 达24.5亿元，同比增长94.3%。公司创始人尹志尧表示，2024年人均销售超过400万元，达到设备 产业国际先进水平。 从出货设备来看，刻蚀领域，该公司的CCP刻蚀设备2024年生产付运超过1200反应台，创历史新 高，累计装机量超过4000反应台；薄膜 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the strong growth momentum and strategic positioning of leading domestic semiconductor equipment companies in China, particularly focusing on Zhongwei Company and Northern Huachuang, as they enhance their competitiveness in the global semiconductor equipment market through significant capital increases and technological advancements [1][2]. Group 1: Company Developments - Zhongwei Company has increased its registered capital from 1 billion RMB to 4 billion RMB, a 300% increase, to strengthen its financial capabilities and accelerate technology research and market expansion [1]. - In 2024, Zhongwei Company reported a revenue of 9.065 billion RMB, a year-on-year increase of 44.7%, with over 7.2 billion RMB coming from etching equipment, marking a 54.7% growth [2]. - The company’s net profit was approximately 1.616 billion RMB, a decline of 9.5%, while the non-recurring net profit increased by 16.5% to about 1.388 billion RMB, primarily due to a 94.3% increase in R&D expenses, which reached 2.45 billion RMB [2]. Group 2: Product and Market Performance - Zhongwei Company achieved a historical high in the etching sector, with over 1,200 CCP etching equipment units shipped in 2024, bringing the cumulative installed base to over 4,000 units [2]. - In the thin film deposition equipment sector, the cumulative shipment of LPCVD equipment surpassed 150 units, with approximately 476 million RMB in bulk orders received in 2024 [2]. - The company is advancing its R&D projects for ALD and other key thin film deposition equipment, while EPI equipment has successfully entered client mass production verification [2]. Group 3: Strategic Investments - Zhongwei Company's subsidiary, Supermicro Semiconductor Equipment (Shanghai) Co., plans to increase its capital to 160 million RMB, with Zhongwei retaining control at a 47.2% ownership [3]. - The company is establishing a wholly-owned subsidiary in Chengdu with an investment of approximately 3.05 billion RMB to build a research and production base, expected to commence operations in 2025 and be fully operational by 2027 [3].

4月2 0日，工业和信息化部在国新办发布会上宣布：中国6G研发已进入深水区！《6G总体愿 景与潜在关键技术》等5 0余项成果落地，通感一体化、AI无线网络等核心技术完成验证。就 在近日，德国解禁华为5G设备，这场被视作"科技冷战"转折点的动作，背后是中美欧在6G时 代的话语权争夺战。 为什么说6 G将重构全球经济 1 .从实验室到商业化：三大核心突破 它不仅是网速提升，更是通信与感知、智能的深度融合。北京移动的"双频通感立体网络"已实 现每平方公里追踪2 0 0个动态目标，华为的太赫兹技术突破毫米级成像精度——这些看似科幻 的能力，正推动低空物流、自动驾驶、远程医疗等产业进入爆发期。 技术破局：中国如何领跑6G赛道 通感一体网络架构：北京移动的4 . 9GHz+毫米波双频组网，将无人机管理半径扩展至1公里， 为空域安防提供厘米级精度。华为的太赫兹原型机实现2 4 0Gb p s通信速率，可穿透障碍物检测 车辆，为自动驾驶提供冗余保障。 AI 深 度 融 合 ： 紫 金 山 实 验 室 的 6G 试 验 网 通 过 AI 协 同 ， 将 波 束 精 度 提 升 5 0% ， 定 位 误 差 缩 小 7 0%，这 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommendation" rating for the company [1][12] Core Views - The company achieved a revenue of 9.065 billion yuan in 2024, representing a year-on-year growth of 44.73%, while the net profit attributable to shareholders was 1.616 billion yuan, down 9.53% year-on-year [4][7] - The company continues to invest heavily in research and development, with R&D expenses increasing by approximately 73.59% year-on-year to 1.418 billion yuan in 2024 [7][8] - The company is expanding its production and R&D bases in multiple locations, including Nanchang and Shanghai, to meet future demand [7][8] Financial Performance Summary - Revenue and Profit Forecasts: - 2024: Revenue of 9.065 billion yuan, net profit of 1.616 billion yuan [4][9] - 2025: Expected revenue of 11.785 billion yuan, net profit of 2.363 billion yuan [6][9] - 2026: Expected revenue of 15.320 billion yuan, net profit of 3.084 billion yuan [6][9] - 2027: Expected revenue of 19.916 billion yuan, net profit of 4.059 billion yuan [6][9] - Profitability Ratios: - Gross margin for 2024 is 41.1%, and net margin is 17.8% [7][10] - Return on equity (ROE) is projected to improve from 8.2% in 2024 to 14.1% in 2027 [10] Product Development and Market Position - The company has a leading position in the MOCVD equipment market, with successful product launches for various applications, including blue light and deep ultraviolet LEDs [8] - The company has developed multiple new products in the etching equipment line, with significant sales growth expected [7][8] - The company is also advancing in the development of thin film deposition products, which have received positive validation from key clients [8]

周四指数窄幅波动，沪指尾盘收红。周四 A 股全天窄幅波动，波幅仅 27 个指数点，虽然经历了连续 8 个交易日的上涨，市场观望情绪开始加大，追 涨意愿下降，但 A 股的修复行情仍然在延续。从中期角度来看，在中央汇金等三家国资开始增持，叠加多家上市公司宣布回购增持后，市场已经迎来拐 点。尽管"对等关税"的后续影响还存在一定不确定性，但市场交易开始克服恐慌心理，指数在波折中继续修复行情。 后市展望：关税事件的冲击最高峰已经过去，A 股将在波折中继续修复。4 月 7 日的极端下跌是对近期所谓"对等关税"事件的一次性反映，随着市场 情绪逐渐平稳和以中央汇金为代表的国资以及多家上市公司宣布回购增持后，目前 A 股已经进入修复性回升。但修复过程并非一帆风顺，美国对全球范 围加征所谓"对等关税"的后续变化对中国和全球经济产生的影响目前仍存在较大不确定性，市场预期变化也存在反复。后市争议较大的仍然是对海外业务 依赖性较高的行业，如消费电子、CXO 等会受到"对等关税"多大程度的影响。确定性较高的是内需和消费主线，预计会受益于未来的对冲政策。 热点板块：出口占比较高的行业，以及在东南亚大规模建厂的公司适度回避。但科技自主可控中 ...

Summary of Conference Call Records Company and Industry Overview - The company operates in the semiconductor industry, providing third-party testing services to a diverse range of clients, including over 2,000 global customers such as Qualcomm and Broadcom, as well as domestic firms and major foundries like TSMC and ASE [1][2][3] Key Points and Arguments - The semiconductor testing market is divided into two main types: third-party testing laboratories and in-house testing facilities. Third-party testing is noted for its higher economic efficiency due to lower capital investment in high-end equipment [2][3] - The global semiconductor third-party testing market is experiencing growth, with China's market size for material analysis estimated at approximately 14 billion and reliability testing at around 28 billion, contributing to an overall third-party testing market size of 60-70 billion in 2023 [4][5] - The company has a market share of approximately 4.23% in the mainland semiconductor third-party laboratory market, with a 7.9% share in the more technically demanding areas of reliability and material analysis [5][6] - The company is expanding its operations, with new laboratories established in Shenzhen and Qingdao, indicating confidence in future growth and the ability to serve new clients such as ZTE and BYD [6][7] - The company is also diversifying into new sectors such as aerospace and biomedicine, with established collaborations with major players in these fields [7][8] Financial Performance - The company's revenue is projected to grow from 290 million in 2022 to 420 million in 2024, with a forecasted net profit increase of around 40% in Q1 2025 [8][9] - The company faces potential risks from major clients establishing in-house laboratories, international trade disputes, and cyclical fluctuations in the semiconductor market [9][10] Competitive Landscape - The company is a leading domestic supplier of semiconductor probe test equipment, with a market share of 25.7% in mainland China as of 2023. The overall market for probe test equipment is valued at approximately 3.27 billion USD, with a projected growth rate of 20% [10][11] - The company has successfully broken the overseas monopoly in probe test equipment, with a strong technical team and historical expertise in semiconductor development [12][13] Product Development and Innovation - The company is focusing on developing advanced testing equipment for integrated circuits and is the first in mainland China to produce 12-inch wafer probe test equipment, which is crucial for the domestic semiconductor industry [13][14] - The company is also expanding its product line to include sorting machines and automated optical inspection devices, enhancing its capabilities in semiconductor manufacturing [14][15] Risks and Challenges - The company must navigate a competitive landscape dominated by international firms, particularly in the integrated circuit sector, where domestic market penetration remains low [15][16] - The company is also monitoring supply-demand dynamics and price volatility in the semiconductor equipment market, which could impact future performance [20][21] This summary encapsulates the key insights from the conference call, highlighting the company's position in the semiconductor testing industry, its growth strategies, financial outlook, and potential risks.

Market Overview - The Hong Kong stock market opened high but closed lower, with the Hang Seng Index rising by 0.23% to 21,466.27 points, while the Hang Seng Tech Index fell by 0.67% to 4,981.6 points, indicating a mixed performance across indices [1] - Short-term impacts from the U.S. tariff policy on China have led to a decline in investor risk appetite, causing a valuation adjustment in the Hong Kong stock market [1] Blue-Chip Stocks Performance - Semiconductor stocks, particularly SMIC, led the decline among blue-chip stocks, with SMIC dropping 4.53% to HKD 45.35, contributing to a loss of 15.99 points in the Hang Seng Index [2] - New Oriental and Nongfu Spring saw gains of 3.66% and 2.48%, respectively, contributing positively to the index [2] Sector Performance Semiconductor Sector - The semiconductor sector faced significant declines, with Shanghai Fudan down 5.17% and Huahong Semiconductor down 3.2% [3] - The U.S. government has initiated investigations into semiconductor imports under national security concerns, which may impact the sector's future [3] Apple-Related Stocks - Apple-related stocks experienced pressure, with notable declines in companies like Sunny Optical and BYD Electronics, attributed to ongoing tariff discussions [4] Gaming Sector - The gaming sector saw widespread declines, with Galaxy Entertainment down 3.57% and other major gaming stocks also falling [4] Consumer Sector - Consumer stocks showed resilience, with notable gains in brands like Zhou Hei Ya, which rose 7.83% [6] - The Chinese government's push for consumption growth is expected to bolster the consumer market, enhancing investment preferences in this sector [6] Notable Company Movements - Yineng Biopharma saw a significant increase of 116.7% on its first trading day, reflecting strong investor interest in its innovative drug development [8] - Yujian Robotics rose 4.57% following the release of a national standard for industrial robots, indicating positive market sentiment towards the company [9] - Sunac China experienced a decline of 6.58% amid news of plans to convert offshore bonds into company stock, alongside a report of its March sales figures [10]

我们一直认为 H20 会受到严格限制，即便昨天有一篇文章提出了不同观点，这仍是我们的基本判断。 在此为您介绍一些相关背景。 H20 的情况 H20 本质上是 A100 的性能受限版本，其设计目的是将性能控制在美国商务部对华限制规定的每平方毫 米万亿次浮点运算指标阈值之下。英伟达称 H20 服务于 "竞争激烈的领域"，这一点确凿无疑 ——H20 的性能比几个月前停产的 H100 低约 75%。当全球顶尖的人工智能硬件公司被迫在比当前最先进性能水 平低 85% 甚至更多的情况下参与竞争时，产品定价必然具备竞争力。我们预计 H20 的毛利率在 50% 左 右，远低于公司 70% 左右的平均毛利率。事实上，H20 的销售情况是过去两个季度公司毛利率下滑的 主要原因之一。 昨天，NPR.com上的一篇文章称，H20 原本要被禁售，但美国商务部目前计划允许其继续出货。据我们 所知，这篇文章的内容尚未得到证实。 常见问题解答 既然 Blackwell 的性能比 H20 高出多达 25 倍，为何还有人购买 H20？ 中国公司被限制购买高端 GPU。企业应对这些限制的方式主要有三种：一是在允许的情况下，使用该 地区以外的 GP ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of tariff policies on the semiconductor industry, particularly focusing on the import of integrated circuits into China and the implications of new origin rules for chip manufacturers [2][6]. Group 1: Tariff Impact on Chip Imports - In 2024, China's integrated circuit import value reached $38.579 billion, a year-on-year increase of 10.5% [2] - The new origin rules state that the origin of integrated circuits will be determined by the location of the wafer fabrication plant, which means chips fabricated outside the U.S. may avoid tariff impacts [2][3] - Major suppliers for domestic smartphone manufacturers include Qualcomm and MediaTek, with their wafer fabs primarily located in Taiwan and South Korea, thus not affected by tariffs [3] Group 2: Effects on U.S. Chip Manufacturers - U.S. companies like Intel, Texas Instruments, and Micron, which have significant manufacturing capabilities in the U.S., are expected to face tariff impacts on their products imported into China [4] - The extent of the impact varies by company; for instance, Intel has a diversified production base, while Texas Instruments is more reliant on U.S. production [4] Group 3: Global Semiconductor Landscape - The top ten global foundries include TSMC, Samsung, and SMIC, with TSMC holding over 60% market share, allowing many chip designers to avoid tariffs by using TSMC for fabrication [5] - The article suggests that the current origin determination method reflects a flexible approach to the ongoing trade conflict, potentially leading to a shift of U.S. semiconductor manufacturing outside the U.S. [5] Group 4: Domestic Semiconductor Industry Developments - China's dependence on U.S. semiconductor imports has decreased from 4.4% in 2019 to 2.4% in 2023, indicating a growing self-sufficiency in the semiconductor supply chain [6] - Recent developments in mature process technologies, particularly in analog chips and MCUs, have shown significant progress, with domestic competitors gaining market share as U.S. firms face tariff challenges [6][7] Group 5: Market Reactions and Future Trends - Following the announcement of the new origin rules, domestic analog chip manufacturers saw significant stock price increases, while Texas Instruments' stock fell by 7.61%, reaching a new low for 2024 [6] - Analysts predict that the tariff situation will benefit domestic manufacturers of mature process products, allowing them to capture a larger market share as U.S. competitors face pricing pressures [7]