OpenAI转向谷歌TPU芯片，AI基础设施格局的重要转折点。 据追风交易台的消息，摩根士丹利在6月30日的报告中表示，对谷歌而言，这是OpenAI对其AI基础设施能力的重要背书，将推动谷歌云业务增长并巩固其在 ASIC生态系统中的领先地位。 摩根士丹利认为，OpenAI是迄今为止最重要的TPU客户（其他客户包括苹果、Safe Superintelligence和Cohere），这一协议是对谷歌AI基础设施能力的重要 认可。谷歌的TPU技术已经发展了十年，最初的TPU于2015年发布。 分析师认为，这一合作为谷歌带来两大积极影响： 首先，它可能成为谷歌云收入加速增长的驱动因素，而这一点尚未反映在GOOGL股价中；其次，这反映了 谷歌对其在搜索领域地位的信心。 摩根士丹利的芯片模型显示，预计2027年和2028年将分别有2430亿美元和2580亿美元花费在英伟达GPU上，而TPU的支出仅为约210亿美元和240亿美元 （其中大部分由谷歌内部使用）。 这表明谷歌在市场份额转移或TAM扩张方面存在巨大机会，若OpenAI带动更多客户迁移，GoogleCloud的ComputeTAM有望被快速上修。 值得注意的是，尽 ...

晨会纪要 第一创业证券研究所 核[心Ta观bl点e_：Summary] 证券研究报告 点评报告 2025 年 7 月 1 日 6 月 30 日 9 点半国家统计局公布 6 月 PMI 数据。 电话：0755-23838533 评论： 6 月中国制造业 PMI 为 49.7%，较上月回升 0.2 个百分点。其中，大型企业为 51.2%， 较上月回升 0.5 个百分点；中型企业为 48.6%，较上月回升 1.1 个百分点；小型 企业为 47.3%，较上月回落 2 个百分点，不同规模企业间的景气度分化明显。 6 月生产指数为 51%，较上月回升 0.3 个百分点。从需求上看，6 月新订单为 50.2%， 较上月回升 0.4 个百分点；而 6 月新出口订单为 47.7%，较上月回升 0.2 个百分 点。6 月制造业供需双方均有所回升，由于 PMI 中新订单指数重新回到扩张区间， 显示内需强于外需。 用新订单减去产成品库存来代表供需关系，6 月这一指数 2.1%，较上月回落 1.2 个百分点；以采购量与在手订单之差来代表企业生产积极性，6 月为 5%，较上月 回升 2.2 个百分点。6 月采购量为 50.2%，较上月回 ...

OpenAI转向谷歌TPU芯片，AI基础设施格局的重要转折点。 据追风交易台的消息，摩根士丹利在6月30日的报告中表示，对谷歌而言，这是OpenAI对其AI基础设施 能力的重要背书，将推动谷歌云业务增长并巩固其在ASIC生态系统中的领先地位。 对英伟达而言，虽然面临产能约束挑战，但仍将保持GPU市场主导地位。对亚马逊而言，OpenAI合作 伙伴名单中缺少AWS可能暴露其产能限制和Trainium芯片竞争力不足的问题。 OpenAI首次大规模采用非英伟达芯片 华尔街见闻之前消息，OpenAI近期开始租用谷歌的TPU芯片为ChatGPT等产品提供算力支持，这是该公 司首次大规模使用非英伟达芯片。此次合作安排使得OpenAI缓解对微软数据中心的依赖，同时为谷歌 的TPU提供了挑战英伟达GPU市场主导地位的机会。OpenAI希望通过谷歌云租用的TPU芯片降低推理 计算成本。 摩根士丹利认为，OpenAI是迄今为止最重要的TPU客户（其他客户包括苹果、Safe Superintelligence和 Cohere），这一协议是对谷歌AI基础设施能力的重要认可。谷歌的TPU技术已经发展了十年，最初的 TPU于2015年发布 ...

算力硬件股反复活跃 景旺电子3天2板创历史新高 智通财经6月30日电，算力硬件股反复活跃，PCB方向领涨，景旺电子走出3天2板，创历史新高，此前 澳弘电子涨停，源杰科技、中际旭创、生益电子、新易盛等涨幅靠前。消息面上，中信建投研报称，英 伟达召开股东大会瞄准AI基础设施平台商定位，海内外头部厂商持续发力基础设施建设以满足激增的 推理算力需求，ASIC市场空间预期持续上调，算力产业链保持高景气。 ...

机器之心报道 编辑：Panda 据路透社等多家媒体报道，一位知情人士称，OpenAI 最近开始租用谷歌的 AI 芯片来支持 ChatGPT 及其其他产品。 现目前，OpenAI 是英伟达 GPU 的最大买家之一 —— 这些设备在 AI 大模型的训练和推理阶段都必不可少。 看起来，OpenAI 不仅试图远离微软，现在也在开始远离英伟达了。 但与谷歌合作？也着实让人意外，毕竟拥有 Gemini 系列模型的谷歌可以说是 OpenAI 最直接且最强大的竞争对手之一。 如果考虑到 OpenAI 还曾聘请了谷歌云 TPU 高级工程总监 Richard Ho 作为其硬件负责人，并有传言说 OpenAI 还在推动自研 AI 芯片项目，这样的合作就更让人惊 讶了。 Richard Ho 曾在谷歌工作近九年，全程参与 TPU 系列的研发，担任高级工程总监级别；后进入 Lightmatter 担任 VP ； 2023 年加盟 OpenAI OpenAI 为何这样选择呢？ 一个原因是 OpenAI 用户增长很快（近日宣布已有 300 万付费企业用户），正面临严重的 GPU 紧缺问题。为了保证 ChatGPT 推理能力不受影响，他们必 ...

Core Viewpoint - The CXL (Compute Express Link) market has not yet launched as expected, primarily due to the underperformance of key players like Samsung Electronics and Intel [1][3]. Group 1: Market Status - The CXL market is currently stagnant, with a notable lack of discussions surrounding it, attributed to the weak performance of market leaders Samsung and Intel [3]. - Intel's next-generation server CPU, "Diamond Rapids," which is crucial for CXL's market launch, may face delays due to internal restructuring and layoffs [3][4]. - Samsung is in a holding pattern, waiting for the market to open, as the development of CXL-compatible memory products cannot proceed without corresponding processors [4]. Group 2: Opportunities and Risks - The introduction of CXL may lead to a decline in overall sales of processors and memory, as it aims to utilize existing resources more efficiently, which could negatively impact companies reliant on these sales in the short term [6][7]. - However, CXL-compatible chips are high-value products that could improve the profit structure for both Samsung and Intel, aligning with the semiconductor industry's trend towards high-value offerings to avoid cyclical fluctuations and competition with low-cost manufacturers [7]. - The CXL market is expected to see significant growth by 2026, with hyperscale cloud service providers likely to dominate this market due to their need for improved resource utilization and cost savings [8][9].

有色金属专场 - 年度中期策略会 20260626 摘要 铜价 2024 年上半年受中国需求、美国物流套利及市场博弈驱动上涨， 伦铜需突破 9,580 美元或触及 10,000 美元面临技术阻力，下半年关注 美国 232 关税政策、国内消费淡季及矿产供应变化等不确定性因素。 铜市场长线投资逻辑在于电力电网升级和新增消费领域带来的需求增长， 但矿产供应增速可能难以跟上，2024 年矿产供应增量超预期，2025 年 可能下降，2026 年可能较高，2027 年可能出现供应问题。 锡市场价格波动受矿损事件和供应预期影响，加工费极低。光伏产业对 锡需求至关重要，但美国对东盟光伏电池征税带来不确定性。半导体销 售周期预计下半年达峰值，AI 基础设施投资影响传统 3C 品类出口。 铝市场需求韧性较强，全年过剩压力较低。铜铝价格走势与去年相关， 近期铝偏强。铝产业链利润重新分配，电解铝利润较好，上游矿端利润 压缩，氧化铝困难，下游加工端利润下降。 几内亚铝土矿发运量维持高位，预计 2025 年增量可观。中国铝土矿进 口量增长，但存在过剩。几内亚事件后铝土矿价格下跌后企稳，预计难 以回到 70 美元以下。 Q&A 2025 ...

近日 InfoQ《极客有约》X AICon 直播栏目特别邀请了 华为昇腾技术专家 ZOMI 酱、蚂蚁集团高 级专家马介悦和 SGLang 核心开发者尹良升 一起，在 AICon 全球人工智能开发与应用大会 2025 北京站 即将召开之际，共同探讨大模型 Infra 工程师的实战日常。 作者 | AICon 全球人工智能开发与应用大会 策划 | 罗燕珊 编辑 | 宇琪 Infra 虽然是看不见的"底座"，但它却承担着支撑整个大模型系统运行的重量。那么，Infra 工程师 在日常工作中会遇到哪些真实需求与故障类型？开源 Infra 和国产卡适配训练推进过程中，又会 遇到哪些难点和挑战呢？ 部分精彩观点如下： 在 6 月 27-28 日将于北京举办的 AICon 全球人工智能开发与应用大会 上，我们特别设置了 【 AI 基础设施与生态构建 】 专题。该专题将聚焦 AI 软硬件及生态系统的建设，讨论如何打造高效 的 AI 开发与应用环境。 以下内容基于直播速记整理，经 InfoQ 删减。 完整直播回放可查看： https://www.infoq.cn/video/kx2h235pHrE7fENMaxlH 大模型工程中 ...

Core Viewpoint - NVIDIA's CEO Jensen Huang emphasizes that robotics technology, particularly humanoid robots, represents one of the two major growth opportunities for the company, alongside artificial intelligence [1][2]. Group 1: Robotics Business Growth - NVIDIA's robotics business generated approximately $567 million in quarterly sales, accounting for about 1% of total sales, but experienced a significant year-over-year growth of 72% [2]. - The company aims to lead the AI humanoid robot sector by developing a comprehensive ecosystem of software and hardware, including platforms like Omniverse, Cosmos, and Isaac Sim [2][3]. - Huang predicts a future with billions of robots and fully autonomous vehicles powered by NVIDIA's technology, indicating a massive potential market [4]. Group 2: Data Center AI GPU Demand - NVIDIA's revenue surged from approximately $27 billion in fiscal year 2024 to an estimated $130.5 billion in fiscal year 2025, with projections nearing $200 billion for fiscal year 2026 [4]. - The data center business, driven by AI GPU demand, reported revenues of about $39.1 billion, surpassing the combined revenues of competitors like Intel and AMD [4]. - Overall revenue for NVIDIA increased by 69% year-over-year to $44.1 billion, despite being the lowest growth rate in two years [4]. Group 3: Company Transformation - NVIDIA's stock reached a historic high, elevating its market capitalization to approximately $3.75 trillion, surpassing Microsoft [5]. - Huang asserts that NVIDIA has evolved from merely a chip company to a provider of AI infrastructure and computing platforms, emphasizing the importance of software and cloud services [6].

Group 1: Humanoid Robots and AI Solutions - UBTECH announced the launch of a commercial humanoid robot solution centered around the Walker C robot, integrating advanced AI models and navigation algorithms for applications in exhibitions, supermarkets, and transportation hubs [2] - The emergence of AI companies like DeepSeek is driving the development of general-purpose humanoid robot models, indicating a strong trend towards industrial applications of humanoid robots [2] - The humanoid robot industry is entering a phase of rapid development, with commercial applications becoming increasingly viable, suggesting potential investment opportunities in domestic component manufacturers [2] Group 2: AI Infrastructure Investments - Major tech companies such as Amazon, Microsoft, Oracle, and Meta are making significant investments in AI infrastructure, with total investments reaching up to tens of billions of dollars [3] - The demand for digital infrastructure driven by AI is leading to a sustained increase in global data center capacity, with the domestic computing power sector expected to recover due to policy support and technological upgrades [3] - The long-term growth of AI-driven infrastructure is anticipated, with opportunities arising from technological upgrades and domestic replacements in sectors like optical modules, switches, and cooling systems [3] Group 3: Robotics and AI Market Potential - Google DeepMind introduced the Gemini Robotics On-Device model, which can run locally on robotic devices, enhancing their adaptability to new tasks without needing constant internet connectivity [4] - The competition among major tech firms in the field of embodied intelligence is expected to unlock a trillion-dollar market, as robots transition into the embodied intelligence era [5] - The intersection of humanoid robots and AI represents a critical point in technological advancement, with significant breakthroughs anticipated in application, cost, and software development [5] Group 4: Tungsten Market Dynamics - The strategic value of tungsten is increasing, with supply-demand tightness expected to persist, leading to a bullish market trend and potential price increases [6] - Tungsten is essential in high-end manufacturing and is considered a strategic resource in China, with strict controls on its mining [6] - The global tungsten supply is projected to grow at a CAGR of 2.57% from 2023 to 2028, while demand is expected to rise due to emerging industries like photovoltaics and robotics [6]