德国副总理兼财政部长拉尔斯·克林拜尔4日在美国首都华盛顿表示，欧盟此前在与美国的贸易谈判中过 于软弱，应采取更强硬的立场。 克林拜尔当天在与美国财政部长贝森特会谈前表示，欧盟与美国上月达成的贸易协议中，仍有许多内容 需要澄清。"我们必须变得更强硬，"克林拜尔说，"这样才可以更自信地与美国对话。" 克林拜尔还表示，欧盟需要找到能快速解决与美国贸易冲突的办法，因为企业在制订计划时需要确定 性。 作为欧盟最大经济体，德国当前经济高度依赖对美出口。按照美国近日公布的所谓"对等关税"税率，欧 盟大部分对美出口商品将被征收15%关税。欧盟还对美作出承诺，将增加对美投资和能源采购。 （文章来源：新华社） ...

新华财经马塞卢8月5日电 8月的莱索托正值冬季。寒风中，三五成群的纺织工人迷茫地穿梭于首都马塞 卢工业区的制衣工厂，挨家询问是否招工，试图重新找到一份工作养家糊口。美国威胁对所有贸易伙伴 征收所谓"对等关税"，莱索托这个经济贫弱的国家受到严重冲击，特别是支柱产业纺织业。 2021年，非洲出口纺织品工厂曾计划在马塞卢10个区域设立工厂并雇用上万名工人。"4年过去，当初的 愿景没能实现。"科贝利遗憾地说。非洲出口纺织品工厂目前设有一家牛仔布工厂和两家针织厂。科贝 利告诉记者，在4月所谓的"对等关税"政策宣布前，工厂曾接到美国客户的大单，预期收益足够开设两 家新厂，"但现在一切都不可能了"。 31岁的纺织女工马凯莱靠加工牛仔裤维持生计，抚养两个年幼的孩子，可能失业的风险让这位单身母亲 焦虑不已。"我不知道这些牛仔裤会卖到哪里，也不明白美国为什么要这样对我们。我能做的，只是不 停地踩缝纫机。" 50岁的莫莱察内已从事纺织业17年，逐步从女工成长为后场主管。"我已经老了，但年轻人要怎么 办？"她望向记者，眼中透出对纺织的热爱，也写满对年轻工友的担忧。 美国是莱索托第二大贸易伙伴。2024年，两国双边贸易额为2.4亿美元 ...

Group 1 - The average tariff on imported goods in the U.S. has surged from 1.2% last year to 17%, marking the highest level since the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1933 [1][3][6] - Tariffs vary significantly by country, with Canada facing a rise from 25% to 35% due to political decisions, and Brazil experiencing a combined tariff of 50% on certain goods [3][4] - The U.S. tariff policy reflects a "America First" approach, imposing high tariffs indiscriminately, even on allied nations, which has led to widespread criticism and concerns about international trade relations [6][10] Group 2 - The tariff increases have resulted in higher costs for U.S. companies, with Ford estimating an additional $800 million in costs and Procter & Gamble planning to raise prices on a quarter of its products [6][8] - The job market has shown weakness, with only 73,000 jobs added in July, significantly below expectations, attributed to disruptions in supply chains caused by the tariff war [8][10] - Ordinary American households are expected to face increased expenses, with estimates suggesting an additional $2,400 per year due to rising prices on essential goods [8][10]

Core Points - The U.S. Customs and Border Protection has released guidelines on the implementation of new tariffs announced by President Trump, which are expected to affect numerous trade partners [1] - The average tariff rate in the U.S. is projected to rise to 15.2%, up from 13.3% previously, and significantly higher than the 2.3% rate before Trump's presidency [1] - The so-called "reciprocal tariffs" are seen as a key part of the government's strategy to reduce trade deficits and bring manufacturing back to the U.S. [1] Summary by Category Tariff Implementation - The guidelines specify that the new tariffs will not apply to products shipped to the U.S. before 12:01 AM on July 7 [1] - Certain products, such as those under the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement and humanitarian aid items like food, clothing, and medicine, will be exempt from the tariffs [1] Economic Impact - Bloomberg Economics indicates that if the new tariffs are implemented as announced, the average tariff rate will increase, impacting consumer and business costs [1] - Critics argue that the tariffs could lead to higher costs for U.S. consumers and businesses, potentially exacerbating inflation [1] Future Developments - Other countries, including Switzerland, are attempting to negotiate lower tariffs with the U.S. before the July 7 deadline [1] - Further tariff plans on pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, critical minerals, and other industrial products are expected to be announced in the coming weeks, creating ongoing uncertainty for businesses and investors [1]

Core Points - The implementation of the "reciprocal tariffs" announced by President Trump will not apply to goods loaded onto ships before August 7, 2023, at 12:01 AM EST, providing a clear framework for the expected increase in tariffs on numerous trading partners [1] - The new tariff rates include a 10% rate for countries with a trade deficit with the U.S., approximately 15% for those with minor trade surpluses, and higher rates for countries with significant trade surpluses, such as Canada facing a rise from 25% to 35% [1][3] - The average tariff rate in the U.S. is projected to increase from 13.3% to 15.2% if the announced rates are fully implemented, a significant rise compared to the 2.3% before Trump's presidency [3] Exemptions and Penalties - Products covered under the USMCA will be exempt from the new tariffs, along with humanitarian aid items like food, clothing, and medicine [2] - The guidelines include punitive measures for goods rerouted through third countries to avoid tariffs, with potential tariffs of up to 40% for such cases [2] Economic Impact - The long-term economic impact of the tariff policy remains uncertain, with critics arguing that these tariffs could increase costs for U.S. consumers and businesses, potentially exacerbating inflation [4] - The Trump administration is expected to release an independent tariff list for pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and other critical industrial products in the coming weeks, indicating ongoing policy risks for businesses and investors [3]

上周，美国政府确定了对多个国家和地区征收"对等关税"的税率。美国一些人试图通过行政手段重塑国 际贸易格局，其深远影响将大大超出始作俑者的预期。极限施压举措虽然短期内榨取了些许利益，却严 重透支了美国的国家信誉。从某种意义上讲，美国的霸凌行径给全球加速"去美国化"进行了一次广泛的 思想动员。 当美国单边行动削弱世贸组织争端解决机制的有效性时，不仅改变贸易流向，更将重塑国际经贸规则体 系。当更多国家采用本币结算、共建区域产业链时，传统以美元和美国市场为核心的贸易体系面临根本 性挑战，长期可能加速多极贸易格局的形成。当世界开始绘制"没有美国"的贸易版图时，华盛顿的霸权 根基已然动摇。 美国在1930年实施的《斯姆特—霍利关税法》曾引发全球贸易大幅萎缩，将世界拖入大萧条。近百年 后，美国政府挑起的关税战已触发相似风险。今年4月下旬，世界贸易组织预计2025年世界商品贸易量 将下降0.2%，比"低关税"基线情景下的预期低近3个百分点，"如情况恶化，全球贸易量可能会进一步萎 缩"。 加征关税举措破坏了现行多边贸易体系的非歧视原则，可能导致全球贸易量系统性萎缩。加征关税不仅 推高跨国交易成本，更迫使企业重构供应链，从追求效 ...

Group 1 - The latest tariffs announced by Trump will take effect on August 7, impacting a wide range of imported goods, including computers, electronics, watches, clothing, shoes, and alcoholic beverages, potentially leading to price increases for consumers [1][3]. - Goldman Sachs estimates that consumers will start feeling the impact of these tariffs within eight months [1][7]. - The new tariffs will impose rates ranging from 10% to 41% on nearly 70 countries, affecting the prices of various consumer goods [3]. Group 2 - Yale University's budget laboratory estimates that if the new tariffs are implemented indefinitely, prices for computers and other electronic products could rise by 18.2% in the short term (2 to 3 years) and by 7.7% in the long term (3 to 10 years) [4]. - Clothing, being one of the most imported goods in the U.S., is expected to see a short-term price increase of 37.5% and a long-term increase of 17.4% due to tariffs imposed on major exporting countries like China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, India, and Indonesia [4]. - Swiss watches, a significant export to the U.S. with over $4 billion in sales last year, will face a 39% tariff, likely affecting their prices [5]. Group 3 - Vietnam and Indonesia, major producers of footwear, will see tariffs of at least 19% starting next week, which could lead to increased prices for shoes [6]. - The U.S. wine and spirits market, where imported products account for 35% of total sales, will face a 15% tariff on imports from the EU, impacting prices for alcoholic beverages [6]. - Furniture and toys, primarily imported from Vietnam and China, are also expected to see price increases due to the looming tariffs, with manufacturers already warning of potential hikes [7].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the impact of Trump's global tariff policy, categorizing countries into different tiers based on their relationship with the U.S. [1][3] - The U.S. imposes a 25% basic tariff on India, marking it as a significant target in the trade war, while China is treated as an exception without specific tariffs mentioned [3][6] - India's reliance on U.S. markets and technology makes it vulnerable, as evidenced by the suspension of Russian oil purchases due to U.S. threats [5][6] Group 2 - China's unique position as the only country not subjected to specific tariffs stems from its economic strength and strategic responses, including reciprocal tariffs and leveraging non-tariff measures [6][8] - The article discusses the implications for the U.S., noting the challenges of negotiating with China without alienating other allies or harming U.S. businesses [8] - India's experience serves as a warning for other nations, while China's approach offers a model for resisting economic pressure, emphasizing the importance of national strength and strategic negotiation [8]

Group 1 - Jim Rogers has liquidated all his U.S. stocks, currently holding stocks only in China and one other country, expressing concerns about an impending severe economic crisis in the U.S. [1][4] - The U.S. stock market has been in a bull run since 2009, which Rogers believes indicates that a crisis is approaching, as prolonged prosperity often leads to problems [3][4] - Rogers criticizes President Trump's erratic decision-making, suggesting it will exacerbate economic instability and that Trump lacks the capability to manage an upcoming crisis [4][6] Group 2 - Rogers remains optimistic about China's future, stating it will be the most important country in the 21st century and emphasizing the need for future generations to learn Mandarin [6][7] - He advocates for policies that stimulate domestic demand and consumption in China, such as tax cuts and infrastructure investments, to foster economic growth [6][7] - Rogers highlights the potential in emerging sectors in China, including artificial intelligence, renewable energy, and electric vehicles, indicating a strong growth outlook across various industries [7] Group 3 - In addition to Chinese stocks, Rogers holds stocks in Uzbekistan, noting the country's economic reforms and potential due to its natural and human resources [7] - He advises young people in China to learn foreign languages and travel to better understand the world and themselves, viewing travel as a valuable educational experience [7]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implementation of reciprocal tariffs by the United States, detailing the changes in tariff rates and the broader implications for trade agreements with major economies [1][10]. Tariff Structure - A baseline tariff rate of 10% will apply to countries not specified in the administrative order, while differentiated rates ranging from 15% to 41% will be set based on trade deficits, negotiation outcomes, and geopolitical factors [4][6]. - A 40% penalty tariff will be imposed on goods rerouted through third countries to evade tariffs, and the exemption for international packages valued under $800 has been removed [4][6]. Specific Tariff Rates by Industry - Tariff rates vary significantly by industry, with solar products and semiconductor equipment facing the highest rates, while electric vehicles and automotive parts have lower rates [8]. Non-Tariff Requirements - The trade agreements with eight major economies include five categories of non-tariff requirements, such as market access, directed procurement commitments, and unified rules and standards [10][13]. - Specific commitments include significant investments in the U.S., increased defense spending, and the opening of markets for U.S. agricultural products [12][13].