牛市来了还没上车？上天天基金APP搜索777注册即可领500元券包，优选基金10元起投！限 量发放！先到先得！ 这也意味着，自去年"9·24"行情启动以来，A股新开户数突破3000万户大关。 9月又迎来一波"开户潮" 上交所数据显示，今年9月上交所A股新开户数达到293.72万户。至此，今年前三季度A股新 开户数合计已达2014.89万户，较2024年前三季度新开户数1346.46万户同比增长 49.64%。 具体来看，9月A股293.72万户中，个人新开户292.63万户，机构新开户1.09万户，这也是 今年以来机构新开户首次突破1万户。 | 日期 | 息数 | | A股 | | B HAS | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | 个人 | 机构 | 个人 | 机构 | 个人 | 机构 | | 2025.01 | 156.4278 | 0.6114 | 156.3888 | 0.6097 | 0.0390 | 0.0017 | | 2025.02 | 283.0297 | 0.6068 | 282.9867 | 0.6051 | 0.0430 ...

| 日期 | 总数 | | Ａ股 | | B Ha | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | 个人 | 机构 | 个人 | 机构 | 个人 | 机构 | | 2025.01 | 156.4278 | 0.6114 | 156.3888 | 0.6097 | 0.0390 | 0.0017 | | 2025.02 | 283.0297 | 0.6068 | 282.9867 | 0.6051 | 0.0430 | 0.0017 | | 2025.03 | 305.6652 | 0.9292 | 305.6196 | 0.9275 | 0.0456 | 0.0017 | | 2025.04 | 191.6209 | 0.8617 | 191.5821 | 0.8584 | 0.0388 | 0.0033 | | 2025.05 | 154.8846 | 0.7163 | 154.8413 | 0.7147 | 0.0433 | 0.0016 | | 2025.06 | 163.8580 | 0.8372 | 163.8022 | 0.8359 | 0. ...

证券研究报告/基金研究 2025 年 09 月 30 日 科创板领涨，两融业务融资余额持续创新高 ETF 市场流动性动态报告（20250922～20250928） 市场行情 上周，我国十年期国债收益率较上上周基本持平，周五录得 1.88%。美国十年期 国债收益率小幅上行，周五录得 4.20%。 上周，上证指数（+0.21%），上证 50（+1.07%），沪深 300（+1.07%），中证 500（+0.98%），中证 1000（-0.55%），中证 2000（-1.79%），创业板指（+1.96%）， 科创 50（+6.47%）。申万一级行业中，电力设备（+3.86%），有色金属（+3.52%）， 电子（+3.51%）领涨；社会服务（-5.92%），综合（-4.61%），商贸零售（-4.32%） 等行业跌幅较大。 上周，沪深两市日均成交金额 22919 亿元，较上上周数据下降约 7.98%。上周五， 两融业务融资余额录得约 24080 亿元，继续创历史新高。 ETF 市场概况 上周，整体 ETF 市场申赎净流入约 1031 亿元。其中，债券型 ETF 净流入约 766 亿元。股票型 ETF 申赎净流入约 14 ...

Market Overview - The market opened high and continued to rise throughout the day, with the Shanghai Composite Index increasing by over 1% in the afternoon and the ChiNext Index rising by more than 3% [1] - Financial stocks, including brokerages, saw significant gains, with stocks like GF Securities, Huatai Securities, and Guosheng Financial hitting the daily limit [1] - Solid-state battery concept stocks were active, with Tianqi Materials and Xiangtan Electric Chemical reaching the daily limit [1] - Gold stocks also surged, with companies like Shengda Resources hitting the daily limit [1] - Education stocks, however, faced declines, with Kevin Education and China High-Tech hitting the daily limit down [1] - Overall, more than 3,500 stocks in the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets rose, with a total trading volume of 2.18 trillion yuan [1] Hot Topics 1. Financial Sector - The financial sector saw a strong performance, with stocks like Guosheng Financial, Huatai Securities, and Huijin Holdings hitting the daily limit, while Dongfang Fortune and CITIC Securities experienced significant gains [3] - As of September 25, the margin trading balance in A-shares increased to 2.44 trillion yuan, setting a new historical record, with the margin balance accounting for 2.54% of the circulating market value and the margin buying amount accounting for 11.80% of the A-share trading volume [3] - On September 24, Zhejiang Merchants Securities announced an increase in its financing business scale from 40 billion yuan to 50 billion yuan, with at least four brokerages planning to raise their financing business limits by 2025 [3][4] 2. Solid-State Batteries - The solid-state battery sector was active again, with Tianqi Co. achieving two consecutive daily limits, and companies like Fengshan Group, Duofluor, and Shida Shenghua also hitting the daily limit [6] - A new type of fluorinated polyether electrolyte developed by a team from Tsinghua University provides new ideas and technical support for the development of practical, high-safety, high-energy-density solid-state lithium batteries [6] - On September 24, Changsheng Technology disclosed that its all-solid-state cathode material has achieved ultra-high capacity and long cycle life, with 10-ton batch shipments already underway [6] 3. Domestic Chips - The domestic chip sector continued to be active, with Huajian Group achieving three consecutive daily limits, and companies like Dazhong Public Utilities and Yingqu Technology also seeing significant gains [8] - On September 26, the IPO of Moore Threads was officially approved, marking the shortest time from application acceptance to approval in this year's Sci-Tech Innovation Board [8] 4. Other Active Sectors - Other active sectors included energy storage, robotics, and methanol, while stocks that had previously hit daily limits faced declines [10]

Core Insights - The recent surge in the A-share margin trading balance has reached approximately 2.44 trillion yuan as of September 25, marking a historical high [1] - Several brokerage firms have announced increases in margin trading limits, indicating a robust market environment [1] Market Performance - The A-share market has shown strong performance this year, with active themes and improved trading sentiment among market participants [1] - There is a notable enhancement in the overall profitability of the stock market, reflecting investors' optimistic outlook and increased risk appetite [1] Leverage and Investment Structure - The current use of leveraged funds is more rational compared to the past, with a higher proportion of institutional investors involved, who typically possess stronger research and investment capabilities [1] - The primary flow of funds is directed towards high-growth sectors such as telecommunications, AI computing applications, battery technology in electrical equipment, robotics, automation equipment, engineering machinery, electronic components, consumer electronics, and precious metals in the non-ferrous metals sector [1]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Overweight," indicating that the growth level of the industry is expected to exceed that of the CSI 300 index over the next six months [3][38]. Core Views - The A-share margin trading balance has reached a new high of 2.44 trillion yuan, reflecting a robust demand in the margin trading market. The financing balance accounts for 2.54% of the circulating market value, and the financing buy-in amount represents 11.80% of the A-share trading volume [2]. - The current PB valuation of the brokerage sector is 1.42 times, which is near the 40th percentile of 2020, indicating a historical low [1]. - Regulatory encouragement for industry consolidation is evident, with mergers and acquisitions seen as effective means for brokerages to achieve external growth and enhance competitiveness [3][6]. Summary by Sections Brokerage Weekly Data Tracking - The average daily trading volume for A-shares was 23,132 billion yuan, down 8.13% week-on-week, with a daily turnover rate of 3.78%, a decrease of 0.48 percentage points [11]. - As of September 26, 2025, the total equity financing scale reached 876.615 billion yuan, with IPOs contributing 75 billion yuan and additional financing at 757.9 billion yuan [13]. Insurance Weekly Data Tracking - The total insurance premium income for July 2025 was 42,085.29 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 6.75%. The life insurance sector accounted for 33,202.78 billion yuan, up 7.53% year-on-year [27]. - The insurance sector is seeing a surge in new product launches, with 993 life insurance products and 652 annuity products introduced this year, indicating a shift towards more competitive offerings [7]. Industry Dynamics - Recent announcements from regulatory bodies support the development of bond repurchase business for foreign investors, enhancing the attractiveness of RMB-denominated bonds [31]. - Measures to foster the growth of digital economy innovation enterprises have been introduced, aiming to accelerate the listing and financing of high-quality companies in this sector [32].

Wind金融终端数据显示，截至9月26日 ，证券公司指数年内涨幅仅3.23%，大幅跑输上证、深成、创业 板指数分别14.21%、26.83%、47.16%的涨幅。当前，券商板块市盈率TTM估值为19.63倍，位于近十年 28.89分位点附近，处于历史低位。 金融科技ETF华夏（516100）紧密跟踪中证金融科技主题指数，涵盖软件开发、互联网金融产业链，兼 具金融属性与科技属性，有望受益行情回暖及AI双重利好催化。 9月29日，"牛市旗手"券商板块午后再度大幅走高，截至13：57，券商ETF基金（515010）涨6.60%， 其持仓股广发证券、湘财股份、国盛金控、华泰证券涨停，东方证券、东吴证券等股纷纷走强，金融科 技ETF华夏（516100）涨4.26%。 中航证券分析指出，截至9月25日，A股两融余额进一步增至2.44万亿元，再度刷新历史纪录。融资余额 占流通市值的比例为2.54%，融资买入额占A股成交额比重为11.80%。尽管两融业务持续升温，但市场 整体的杠杆水平仍处于稳健可控区间。具体来看，当前融资余额占流通市值的比例（2.54%）显著低于 4.72%的历史峰值，单日融资买入额占A股成交额的比重（11 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent increase in financing business limits by multiple securities firms indicates a strategic response to the growing demand in the A-share margin trading market, aiming to enhance credit business development while managing scale effectively [1][3][4] Group 1: Financing Business Expansion - Zhejiang Securities raised its financing business limit from 40 billion to 50 billion yuan to promote credit business development and scale control [1] - Huayin Securities also increased its credit business limit to 8 billion yuan, marking its second expansion this year [3] - The active margin trading market, with a total balance reaching 2.43 trillion yuan, has prompted securities firms to adjust their internal limits to capture market opportunities [3][4] Group 2: Margin Trading Market Dynamics - The margin trading balance has seen a significant year-on-year increase of 77.14%, with trading accounting for 12.25% of total market transactions, the highest since July 2020 [3] - Key sectors attracting leveraged funds include electronics, power equipment, and communications, with net purchases of 84.51 billion, 43.76 billion, and 24.41 billion yuan respectively [3][4] Group 3: Revenue and Performance Insights - Interest income from margin trading has become a crucial support for securities firms, with a total net interest income of 19.657 billion yuan in the first half of 2025, a 30.66% increase year-on-year [5] - Leading firms like Guotai Junan and Huatai Securities reported significant growth in interest income, with Guotai Junan achieving a 205.43% increase [5][6] Group 4: Risk Management Strategies - Despite rapid expansion, firms like Zhejiang Securities maintain a strong safety margin, with an average collateral maintenance ratio of 280.87% for margin clients [7] - Both Zhejiang and Huayin Securities have implemented comprehensive risk management systems, including client due diligence and dynamic collateral adjustments [7] Group 5: Competitive Landscape and Future Outlook - The competition among securities firms has intensified, with some smaller firms reducing interest rates below 4% to attract clients, impacting profitability [8] - Firms are shifting towards differentiated competition strategies, leveraging technology and smart trading tools to enhance service experiences and optimize client profiles [8]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Synchronize with the Market" rating for the brokerage sector, indicating a performance expectation relative to the CSI 300 index [1]. Core Insights - The brokerage sector experienced a significant rebound in August 2025, with the index rising by 10.76%, outperforming the CSI 300 index by 0.43 percentage points [4][7]. - The average Price-to-Book (P/B) ratio for the brokerage sector fluctuated between 1.486 and 1.688 times, indicating a rising valuation trend [12]. - The report anticipates a decline in overall operating performance for September 2025, despite the brokerage sector's strong performance in August [6][42]. Summary by Sections 1. August 2025 Brokerage Sector Review - The brokerage index reached a new high for the year before entering a phase of high-level fluctuations, with a total trading volume of 1.60 trillion yuan, marking a 33.3% increase month-on-month [4][7]. - All 42 listed brokerage firms reported gains in August, with notable performers including Changcheng Securities (up 38.66%) and Xinda Securities (up 20.55%) [8][10]. 2. Key Market Factors Influencing August Performance - The equity market showed strength, while fixed income saw a decline, leading to growth in proprietary trading [6][14]. - The average daily trading volume reached a historical high of 23,083 billion yuan, reflecting a 41.3% increase month-on-month [20][22]. - Margin financing balances increased by 13.9% month-on-month, reaching 22,613 billion yuan, indicating strong investor engagement [24]. 3. September 2025 Performance Outlook - The proprietary trading segment is expected to see a noticeable decline due to market fluctuations, while brokerage business remains robust with historical high trading volumes [35][42]. - The report predicts a slight recovery in investment banking activities, with equity financing expected to rebound, although overall totals will remain at mid-low levels [41]. 4. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests maintaining a focus on leading firms with strong wealth management capabilities and those with valuations significantly below the sector average [45]. - The anticipated P/B ratio for the brokerage sector is expected to fluctuate between 1.40 and 1.60 in the upcoming quarter, presenting potential investment opportunities [45].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent increase in margin financing limits by several securities firms, reflecting the robust growth of the margin trading market in the A-share market, with the total margin balance reaching 2.43 trillion yuan as of September 24, 2023 [3][8]. Summary by Sections Margin Financing Business Expansion - Zheshang Securities announced an increase in its margin financing business limit from 40 billion yuan to 50 billion yuan, a 25% increase [5]. - Huayin Securities also raised its credit business limit from 6.2 billion yuan to 8 billion yuan, marking a nearly 30% increase [5]. - The overall trend indicates that securities firms are focusing on expanding their margin financing client base to capture market share amid declining commission rates [3][6]. Market Performance and Growth - The margin balance has significantly increased from approximately 1.8 trillion yuan on June 23 to over 2.4 trillion yuan, with an increase of about 600 billion yuan since the market rally began [8]. - As of September 24, the margin balance comprised 2.41 trillion yuan in financing and 169.75 billion yuan in securities lending [8]. - The number of individual investors participating in margin trading has risen to approximately 7.68 million, an increase of about 200,000 since July [8]. Revenue and Financial Performance - The margin financing business is becoming a crucial growth driver for securities firms, with nearly 40 listed firms reporting a year-on-year increase in margin interest income [6]. - Major firms like Guotai Junan, CITIC Securities, and Huatai Securities reported significant margin interest revenues of 3.83 billion yuan, 3.69 billion yuan, and 3.51 billion yuan, respectively, in the first half of the year [6]. Risk Management and Control - Securities firms are enhancing risk control measures for margin financing businesses, implementing strict monitoring of high-risk stocks and customer positions [9][10]. - Firms have established mechanisms for market risk and asset risk monitoring to mitigate potential risks associated with margin trading [10].