广发证券资 深宏观分析师 钟林楠 zhonglinnan@gf.com.cn 广发宏观郭磊团队 报告摘要 第一， 传统流动性研究采用两分法，将流动性划分为狭义（货币）与广义（信用）两个维度，解决了流动性观测、创造与进入实体路径规模等问题。这种研究范式 简洁实用，但近些年开始显现出一定局限性。比如它无法回答流动性进入实体之后的流转使用问题，对近些年投资者广泛关注的居民资产负债表受损、超额储蓄、 存款搬家、资金空转等叙事缺乏解释力。本文基于这一点展开研究。我们以居民部门为研究对象，先搭建居民部门活动收支表，再据此跟踪分析居民各项收支活动 及其背后资金流的变化。 第二， 搭建居民活动收支表，一个较好的切入视角是统计局与央行编制的资金流量表。统计局编制的是非金融交易表，它统计了居民部门生产、出让劳动与资本要 素使用权与政府再分配所获得的可支配收入，以及可支配收入用于消费、非金融投资与净金融投资的规模；央行编制的是金融交易表，它是非金融交易表的延续， 将净金融投资进一步拆分为金融负债与金融资产，统计了居民部门的债务收入以及各类金融资产的投资规模。将这两张表整合，我们可得到完整精确的年度居民活 动收支表，具体过程及两张表 ...

Core Insights - The market experienced fluctuations on August 14, with the CSI 2000 Enhanced ETF (159552) showing a significant intraday drop of 2.70% before recovering to a decline of 1.43% by 1:36 PM, while still leading the broad index ETFs with a year-to-date increase of 48.27% [1] - The fund saw a net inflow of over 12 million during the trading session, marking its ninth consecutive day of net inflows, and its total assets have surged by 6828.12% this year, reaching a historic high of over 1.1 billion [1] - Huachuang Securities suggests that if liquidity remains ample, the "water buffalo logic" may strengthen, leading to increased investments in small-cap growth stocks through ETFs and margin trading [1] Market Dynamics - The current market environment is characterized by strong investor interest, as indicated by the substantial net inflows into the CSI 2000 Enhanced ETF [1] - The potential for further growth in small-cap stocks is supported by the anticipated interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve in the third quarter, which may favor growth styles [1] - However, industry experts caution that despite the positive outlook, the uncertainties in the external environment and the already high short-term gains in small-cap stocks warrant vigilance against potential pullbacks [1]

Group 1 - The report emphasizes that the micro-cap stocks are benefiting from liquidity expansion, with the current market environment favoring small-cap growth stocks due to a lack of a clear trend in the market and ongoing inflation concerns [2][3][15] - The micro-cap stock index has shown a strong performance, with a cumulative increase of 30% year-to-date, significantly outperforming the broader market [3][11][19] - The report highlights that the shareholder structure of micro-cap stocks is predominantly composed of individual investors, which positions them to benefit from the release of excess household savings into the stock market [4][23][34] Group 2 - The report identifies that the micro-cap sector is primarily driven by liquidity rather than fundamentals, as earnings growth is not a major pricing factor in the current environment [4][45][53] - The micro-cap industry covers sectors such as manufacturing and technology, including themes like AI, robotics, and innovative pharmaceuticals, which are expected to benefit from ongoing industrial policy support [5][63][64] - The trading mechanisms in the micro-cap space, such as higher price limits on exchanges like the Beijing Stock Exchange and ChiNext, provide greater elasticity compared to the main board, enhancing the attractiveness of micro-cap stocks [57][58]

Group 1 - A-shares experienced a narrow range of consolidation on April 28, with bank stocks strengthening, as China Construction Bank, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, and Jiangsu Bank reached historical highs during the session [1] - The Shanghai Composite Index fell by 0.2% to 3288.41 points, while the Shenzhen Component Index and the ChiNext Index dropped by 0.62% and 0.65% respectively, with the CSI A500 down by 0.25% [1] - A-share trading volume was 1.08 trillion yuan, showing a slight decrease compared to the previous trading day [1] Group 2 - As of April 28, 2025, a total of 4706 listed companies in A-shares had disclosed their Q1 reports, with 2121 companies reporting a year-on-year increase in net profit attributable to shareholders, accounting for approximately 45.07% [1] - Dongwu Securities analyzed that the medium-term outlook for China's monetary policy is leaning towards "loose monetary" [1] - The People's Bank of China implemented an excess renewal of MLF in April, signaling liquidity adjustment and potentially paving the way for "moderate easing" [1] Group 3 - The A500 ETF fund (512050) tracks the CSI A500 Index, employing a dual strategy of industry balanced allocation and leading selection, covering all sub-sectors [2] - The fund utilizes a cyclical sampling method to maintain dynamic balance, closely tracking changes in China's economic structure, and integrating value and growth attributes [2] - This approach aims to help investors smooth out style-switching volatility and achieve one-click allocation of core A-share assets [2]