每经AI快讯，日本至9月19日当周买进外国股票167亿日元，前值297亿日元。日本9月19日当周净买进 国外债券8172亿日元，前值14785亿日元。 ...

Group 1 - The Federal Reserve's recent interest rate cut has led to a weakening of the US dollar, providing strong upward momentum for non-US currencies, including the Renminbi [1][2] - On September 17, the offshore Renminbi broke the 7.10 mark against the US dollar, reaching a high of 7.0995, the first time since November of the previous year [1][2] - The narrowing interest rate differential between China and the US is a significant factor contributing to the Renminbi's strength, although the fundamental economic conditions also play a crucial role [2][3] Group 2 - International capital flows are a key determinant of exchange rates, and the expectation of a weaker dollar is becoming more likely as the Fed continues its rate-cutting path [2] - China's economic resilience and the relative decline in productivity growth in Western countries are supporting the Renminbi's appreciation [3][4] - Deutsche Bank has expressed optimism about the Renminbi, predicting it could break the 7 mark by 2025 and appreciate to 6.7 by 2026, reflecting a positive outlook on Chinese assets [3] Group 3 - The willingness of foreign trade enterprises to engage in currency exchange is increasing, leading to a net inflow in the foreign exchange market [4] - The People's Bank of China's monetary policy is effectively stabilizing exchange rate expectations, reducing the likelihood of rapid appreciation or depreciation of the Renminbi [4] - The market's expectation of a stable Renminbi value is likely to persist, although the introduction of more exchange rate hedging tools may increase the volatility of the Renminbi in the future [4]

Group 1 - The recent surge in US Treasury yields, surpassing 5%, has triggered a sell-off in the bond market, affecting not only the US but also the UK, Italy, and France [3][4] - The influx of corporate bonds, with an expected issuance of $150 billion to $180 billion in September alone, has diverted investor funds away from US Treasuries, contributing to the sell-off [3] - Concerns over government fiscal health post-pandemic have intensified, leading investors to sell off government bonds, which in turn has driven bond prices down and yields up [4] Group 2 - The rise in US Treasury yields has put pressure on the Chinese yuan, as the interest rate differential between the US and China widens, making US assets more attractive [6] - The outflow of capital from China due to higher US yields reduces demand for the yuan, contributing to its depreciation against the dollar [6] - The yuan has recently approached the psychological level of 7.1 against the dollar, reflecting the impact of US Treasury yield fluctuations [6] Group 3 - The US dollar's dominance in the global financial system means that changes in the Federal Reserve's monetary policy have significant implications for other countries' monetary policies and exchange rates [7] - In response to the pressures from US monetary policy, the People's Bank of China is employing various strategies to stabilize the yuan, including market interventions and promoting the internationalization of the yuan [7] - Other countries, such as Japan and the Eurozone, are also adjusting their monetary policies in response to the US dollar's fluctuations, indicating a broader currency competition [7]

Group 1 - As of June, foreign countries and regions held a total of $9.1277 trillion in U.S. Treasury securities, an increase of $80.2 billion from the previous month [1] - China increased its holdings of U.S. Treasury securities by $1 billion in June, reaching a total of $756.4 billion, marking the first increase since March [1] - The top three holders of U.S. Treasury securities as of June are Japan, the UK, and China, all of which increased their holdings in June [1] Group 2 - In June, foreign investors net purchased $192.3 billion in U.S. long-term securities, with private foreign investment contributing $154.6 billion and official foreign investment adding $37.7 billion [2] - A report from China International Capital Corporation suggests that if U.S. stock market momentum weakens, risk appetite may decline, potentially increasing the flow of funds into U.S. Treasuries [2] - Expectations of a slowdown in the U.S. economy, combined with a reassessment of risk appetite and rising rate cut expectations, may lead to renewed demand for U.S. Treasuries [2]

Group 1: Historical Evolution of the International Monetary System - The international monetary system has evolved through three major phases since 1870: the Gold Standard, the Bretton Woods System, and the Jamaica System[1] - The Gold Standard operated on a government commitment to maintain currency value through gold reserves, while the Bretton Woods System was a quasi-gold standard based on the unique economic position of the United States[2] - The Jamaica System represents a loose and flexible choice under economic diversification, affirming the current state of a multi-currency system[3] Group 2: Monetary Discipline and Current Challenges - The transition from the Gold Standard to the Bretton Woods System and then to the Jamaica System reflects a gradual loosening of monetary discipline, allowing for more flexible monetary policies[4] - In the 21st century, major economies like Japan, the U.S., and the Eurozone have implemented aggressive quantitative easing near zero interest rates, undermining confidence in these reserve currencies[5] - Emerging economies are increasing their gold reserves, indicating a paradox where the freedom from gold constraints leads to a heightened desire for gold reserves[6] Group 3: Capital Flows and Regulatory Needs - International capital flows have grown significantly, revealing the weaknesses of existing monetary systems, with capital acting as a powerful force that can destabilize these systems[7] - The Jamaica System's characteristics of freedom and diversity allow international capital to attack weaker economic regions, necessitating capital control measures to prevent financial crises in emerging markets[8] Group 4: Future of the Monetary System - The future restructuring of the international monetary system will depend on shifts in global economic and trade centers, influenced by technological advancements and industrial competitiveness[9] - The current monetary system faces challenges from structural imbalances among major economies, which could lead to financial crises and increased protectionism, particularly from the U.S.[10]

Core Insights - In May, the total net inflow of U.S. long-term and short-term securities and bank flows from overseas amounted to $311.1 billion, with private capital net inflow at $333.2 billion and official net outflow at $22.1 billion [1] - Foreign investors increased their holdings of U.S. long-term securities by $318.5 billion in May, with private investors contributing $287.5 billion and official institutions adding $31.1 billion [1] - U.S. investors raised their holdings of foreign long-term securities by $59.1 billion in May [1] Foreign Investment Dynamics - When considering the impact of stock swaps on U.S. equities, the total net amount of U.S. long-term securities held by foreign investors is estimated to have decreased by $259.4 billion in May [1] - Foreign investors' holdings of U.S. Treasury securities increased by $0.5 billion, while their holdings of all dollar-denominated short-term securities and other custodial bonds rose by $10.3 billion [1] - The net dollar liabilities of U.S. banks to foreign investors increased by $41.4 billion [1]

Core Viewpoint - A significant lobbying effort by multinational companies is underway to oppose Clause 899 of Trump's tax reform, which is perceived as a potential threat to millions of American jobs and could reshape international capital flows [1][2]. Group 1: Impact on Employment and Investment - Approximately 840,000 jobs in the U.S. are provided by foreign companies, and the implementation of Clause 899 could directly threaten this substantial employment base [2]. - The lobbying effort involves around 70 company representatives, including major firms like Shell, Toyota, SAP, and LVMH, indicating widespread concern among foreign investors [1][2]. Group 2: Tax Implications of Clause 899 - Clause 899 is viewed as a "capital expulsion order" that would allow the U.S. to impose additional taxes on companies and investors from countries deemed to have "unfair foreign tax policies" [2][3]. - The clause would increase U.S. tax rates on stock dividends and certain corporate bond interests by 5 percentage points annually over four years, and it would also tax sovereign wealth funds' U.S. investment portfolios, which are currently exempt [3]. Group 3: Financial Market Concerns - The implementation of Clause 899 is expected to disrupt foreign direct investment and could lead to financial market volatility, as highlighted by the International Bankers Association [3]. - In 2023, foreign banks lent over $1.3 trillion to U.S. companies, supporting $5.4 trillion in foreign direct investment and generating $270 billion in revenue, underscoring the importance of foreign capital in the U.S. economy [3]. Group 4: Legislative Outlook - Despite the potential to raise $116 billion for the U.S. government over the next decade, there are concerns that the overall tax reform could increase U.S. debt by $2.4 trillion by 2034 [4]. - There is a growing momentum in the Senate to repeal Clause 899, as lawmakers recognize that it contradicts the government's goal of attracting more investment to the U.S. [4].