部分企业的贷款需求下降，令银行获客展业的竞争压力加大。 为了揽客，客户经理通过发放利率优惠券或利率指定券等方式 将经营贷实际利率降至3%以内，不失为一个完成贷款投放增 速与新增客户考核指标的好办法。 作者： 陈植 封图：图虫创意 每个工作日，张晨都会向个体工商户与小微企业主推介经营贷产品。 张晨是某城商行华东地区支行的客户经理，工作时间逾7年。尽管她所在的城商行已将经营贷利率 降至约3%，但不少小微企业主与个体工商户仍在"观望"。 利率比拼 所谓经营贷，主要是一项面向小微企业主或个体工商户的贷款产品，他们可以通过房地产抵押等增 信方式获得银行贷款，用于企业或个体户经营。 张晨特别怀念三四年前的经营贷拓客景象，当时她登门拜访小微企业主或个体工商户，很快就能敲 定贷款合同，因为这些企业主认为自己能得到银行的青睐，相当难得。如今，越来越多的小微企业 主与个体工商户都会礼貌性地表示："想先看看其他银行的经营贷利率报价是否更低。" "因为其他银行会给予更低的经营贷利率。"7月中旬，张晨告诉经济观察报记者。今年上半年，她 眼睁睁看着多个小微企业主客户因其他银行给出的贷款利率更低而改换门庭。 "近期，一家股份制银行发放了年 ...

（原标题：经营贷利率破"3" 银行改拼增值服务揽客） 每个工作日，张晨都会向个体工商户与小微企业主推介经营贷产品。 张晨是某城商行华东地区支行的客户经理，工作时间逾7年。尽管她所在的城商行已将经营贷利率降至 约3%，但不少小微企业主与个体工商户仍在"观望"。 "因为其他银行会给予更低的经营贷利率。"7月中旬，张晨告诉经济观察报记者。今年上半年，她眼睁 睁看着多个小微企业主客户因其他银行给出的贷款利率更低而改换门庭。 "近期，一家股份制银行发放了年利率2.68%的经营贷利率指定券，此前部分银行通过利率优惠券将经 营贷实际利率降至2.80%，都让我流失了不少小微企业主潜在客户。"张晨说。 一家股份制银行的零售信贷部主管陈曦表示，部分企业的贷款需求下降，令银行获客展业的竞争压力加 大。为了揽客，客户经理通过发放利率优惠券或利率指定券等方式将经营贷实际利率降至3%以内，不 失为一个完成贷款投放增速与新增客户考核指标的好办法。 博通咨询金融行业分析师王蓬博分析称，经营贷利率持续下行，主要受多重因素影响。政策积极引导金 融机构降低实体经济融资成本，当前信贷有效需求不足令银行借助"利率工具"争夺优质客户。 同时，据银行客户 ...

先别慌，拉齐全球坐标： 美国：截至2024年，美国家庭部门债务杠杆率为69.2%，略高于中国，但差距不足10个百分点。这一数据与2017年BIS的78.7%相比有所下降，可能与2008年 金融危机后去杠杆政策及2020年疫情后房贷利率置换有关。 如果把中国家庭债务拍成一部剧，它一定是一部"高开低走"的悬疑片：前十年狂飙突进，近两年突然踩刹；主角不是房企，不是银行，而是每一个在月供、 花呗、白条里辗转反侧的普通人。 先看数据 国家统计局与中国人民银行数据：截至2024年底，中国居民家庭从银行获得的债务余额为82.84万亿元，若不考虑其他债务，仅银行贷款就相当于GDP的 61.4%；加上公积金贷款余额，家庭债务达到90万亿至91万亿元，相当于GDP的67.4%。这一数值接近美国的69%，略高于日本的65%。 综合负债率：根据西南财经大学等机构的调研报告，2024年中国家庭负债率接近60%，其中年轻人群体（90后、00后）和中年人群的负债比例尤为显著。部 分一线城市家庭的负债率甚至超过70%。 相关报告查阅方式： 日本：家庭部门债务杠杆率约为65%，略高于中国，但差距较小。日本的高杠杆率与其长期低利率环境和房地产市 ...

近日，个人经营贷利率备受关注。据贝壳财经记者了解，当前贷款市场上的个人经营贷利率呈现出分化 趋势。一些银行个人经营贷利率下探至3%以下，也有一些银行的利率则较此前略有回升。 如建设银行、交通银行、招商银行、江苏银行等多家银行均推出了最低利率低于3%的个人经营贷产 品。在贝壳财经记者调查中发现，不少银行将有抵押的个人经营贷的最低利率定在了2.4%左右。但由 于客户资质存在差异，不同借款人申请下来的利率与额度有所不同。 值得注意的是，也有部分银行工作人员告诉贝壳财经记者，近期银行已将个人经营贷利率向上浮动，个 人经营贷风险上升、净息差承压等是银行重点考量因素。 业内人士指出，不同银行根据自身战略、资金成本等的不同，制定差异化的个人经营贷业务策略是正常 现象。而个人经营的贷款是支持实体经济发展的业务之一，因此银行针对个人经营贷的利率考量也更为 多元化。但过低的利率也会产生负面影响，银行需要加强信贷的精细化管理，防范相关风险上升。 华北地区某城商行工作人员也指出，该行对于优质的个人经营贷客户，标价虽然也是2.4%，但如果是 优质的科创等重点领域企业，该行还可以根据相关政策，为企业申请更低的利率。 部分国有大行也加入了 ...

记者丨 庞成 郭晓洁 编辑丨肖嘉 近日，南方财经记者注意到，社交媒体流传的一张聊天截图显示， 某银行巡视组与纪委已进 驻其广州分行，重点调查银行与中介机构合作中的"高评高贷"违规业务。 与此同时，相关部 门对广州中介公司集中的区域展开突击排查，排查中介公司是否涉及相关业务。 上述截图引发市场对楼市"高评高贷"现象是否死灰复燃的关注。 7月14日，南方财经记者向多位房产中介、银行人士了解相关情况，截至发稿前，无法证实截 图内容真伪。不过，有广州房产中介告诉南方财经记者，自房地产市场价格进入下行区间以及 首付比例放松以来， "高评高贷"现象确有抬头，特别是在二手房市场 ，总价较高的、刚需性 没那么强的楼盘出现这类操作比较多。 此外，也有消息称，银行确实已经关注到了"高评高贷"，起因是在6月初对上半年例行风险排 查时，查出了相关情况。广州一家国有行内部人士则告诉南方财经记者，该行一直对"高评高 贷"情况保持常态化的排查， "不过高评高贷的操作空间依然存在" 。 对此，有法律人士提醒，"高评高贷"过程中涉及多重法律风险，买方、卖方以及中介方均可能 因相关操作，涉嫌骗取贷款罪、贷款诈骗罪、提供虚假证明文件罪等，被追究刑 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent trend of decreasing interest rates for business loans from various banks, including China Merchants Bank, is aimed at reducing financing costs for small and micro enterprises, while also targeting quality customer segments [3][11][12]. Group 1: Interest Rate Trends - China Merchants Bank has introduced a promotional business mortgage loan with an annual interest rate as low as 2.7%, available until September 30 [4][5]. - Other major banks, such as Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and Jiangsu Bank, have also launched business loan products with interest rates reaching or falling below 3% [2][6][7]. - The competitive landscape has led to some banks offering business loans with interest rates as low as 2.2% for certain products [6]. Group 2: Loan Product Characteristics - The business mortgage loan from China Merchants Bank offers a maximum limit of 20 million, with a repayment period of up to 20 years [5]. - The approval process for these low-interest loans is more stringent compared to consumer loans, requiring businesses to meet specific criteria such as maintaining a good credit status and providing operational data [9][10]. Group 3: Market Dynamics and Policy Influence - The decline in business loan interest rates is influenced by both policy guidance aimed at lowering financing costs for the real economy and competitive market pressures [11][12]. - The current monetary policy remains accommodative, with measures like reserve requirement ratio cuts providing banks with lower funding costs, allowing for reduced loan pricing [11]. Group 4: Risks and Strategic Considerations - The trend towards lower interest rates may lead to increased credit risk as banks seek to expand their customer base, potentially impacting asset quality [15]. - Experts suggest that banks should innovate financial products and focus on effective market demand to balance business expansion with asset quality [17].

Group 1 - Emperor International has incurred a significant debt of HKD 16.6 billion, with loans now overdue [1] - The company reported a substantial loss exceeding HKD 4 billion last year [1] - Emperor International operates across multiple sectors including entertainment, real estate, jewelry, finance, and hospitality, with seven listed companies on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange [1] Group 2 - China's average economic growth rate from 2021 to 2024 is projected to reach 5.5% [2] - The National Development and Reform Commission anticipates that China's economic increment over five years will exceed CNY 35 trillion, contributing around 30% to global economic growth annually [2] - In June, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by 0.1% year-on-year, reversing a previous decline [2] Group 3 - The Chinese automotive market saw retail sales of 10.9 million passenger vehicles in the first half of the year, marking a year-on-year increase of 10.8% [4] - New energy vehicles accounted for 5.468 million units sold, driving significant growth in the market [4] Group 4 - The National Development Bank signed a CNY 2.1 billion loan agreement with the Southern African Development Bank to support infrastructure and other projects in Africa [6] - Several banks have reduced their operating loan interest rates to 3% or below, focusing on small and micro enterprises [7]

Core Viewpoint - A price war is emerging in the operating loan market for small and micro enterprises as banks lower interest rates below 3% in response to tightened consumer loan regulations, leading to intense competition for quality clients and survival under interest rate marketization reforms [1][3]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - Several banks, including state-owned and joint-stock banks, have reduced operating loan interest rates to below 3%, while some smaller banks struggle to keep up [1]. - The operating loan market is experiencing significant interest rate differentiation, with major banks maintaining competitive rates around 3%, while some regional banks offer rates above 4% [3]. - The approval process for operating loans has improved, with some banks reducing the approval time for loans under 1 million to as little as 3 working days [2][4]. Group 2: Product Offerings - China Merchants Bank's "Business Loan" product offers a designated interest rate of 2.68% for small and micro business owners, with a maximum loan amount of 20 million yuan for collateralized loans [2]. - The operating loan products generally have higher limits and lower rates compared to consumer loans, with collateralized loans offering rates as low as 2.7% [2][3]. Group 3: Competitive Landscape - The competition is particularly fierce in the southeastern coastal regions, where banks are able to offer lower rates due to a more favorable credit environment and higher activity levels among small enterprises [3]. - The use of big data models for risk assessment has standardized interest rates across similar clients, but has also led to the emergence of intermediaries that manipulate client qualifications to secure better loan terms [4][5]. Group 4: Future Trends - Despite the downward trend in loan rates, the actual effectiveness of loan disbursement may not meet expectations, as acquiring quality clients has become more challenging [5]. - Future developments in the operating loan market are expected to be more refined, with potential for specialized products tailored to specific industries and scenarios, leading to more pronounced interest rate stratification [5].

Core Viewpoint - The interest rates for business loans, both secured and unsecured, have been declining, with some rates reaching historical lows, but the demand for such loans remains limited due to reduced funding needs from businesses [1][4]. Group 1: Secured Business Loans - Some banks are offering secured business loans with interest rates as low as 2.35%, with loan amounts up to 20 million yuan, but individual enterprises can only borrow up to 10 million yuan [2]. - The repayment terms for these loans can be structured as interest-first or equal principal and interest, with a requirement for one year before repayment begins [2]. - The current interest rates represent a decrease of approximately 0.3 percentage points compared to the end of 2023, where rates were around 2.7% [2]. Group 2: Unsecured Business Loans - Unsecured business loans are also seeing a decline in interest rates, with some products starting at a base rate of 3% and special rates as low as 2.68% for select customers [3]. - Another bank offers an unsecured loan product with a maximum limit of 3 million yuan and a minimum interest rate of 3% [3]. - A city commercial bank has introduced a personal business loan product with a limit of 300,000 yuan and an interest rate as low as 3.0% [3]. Group 3: Market Demand and Trends - Despite the declining interest rates, the demand for business loans is relatively low, with a limited number of eligible clients, making it challenging for banks to increase loan disbursements [4]. - Recent data indicates that the average interest rate for newly issued corporate loans is around 3.43%, down from 3.2% earlier in the year, reflecting a decrease of 23 basis points [4]. - The People's Bank of China reported a decrease in new loans, with a total of 620 billion yuan in new loans issued in May, which is a year-on-year decrease of 330 billion yuan [4].

Core Viewpoint - The president of Suzhou Bank, Wang Qiang, indicated that while there will be pressure on risk control for personal business loans in 2025, it will not lead to a significant impact on the bank's asset quality [1] Group 1: Economic Outlook - The global economy and industrial chain development will continue to face uncertainties in 2025 [1] - There is no clear improvement trend in the short-term economic environment [1] Group 2: Loan Quality and Risk Management - Small and micro enterprises will continue to experience operational pressures [1] - There will be certain pressures on the management of non-performing risks related to personal business loans [1] - The bank has established a risk control mechanism to address these challenges [1] Group 3: Risk Management Strategies - The bank will enhance risk management for personal business loans and consumer loans through digital risk control technology, daily risk monitoring, improved early warning systems, and strengthened post-loan management [1]