Government Debt Growth - The "government debt increment" is expected to achieve a year-on-year growth of no less than 3% in Q1 2026, reflecting a proactive fiscal policy approach[1] - The government debt increment covered 124%, 111%, and 117% of the national fiscal revenue gap in Q1 of 2023, 2024, and 2025 respectively[1] - The net financing scale of national bonds in Q1 2026 is expected to remain relatively unchanged compared to the previous year, with 26 batches planned for issuance[1][16] Local Government Bonds - The issuance scale of new local government bonds for project construction in Q1 2026 is expected to decline year-on-year[18] - Under optimistic expectations, the total issuance of new local government bonds is projected to reach 16,660.55 billion yuan in Q1 2026, a 34% increase year-on-year[8] - Under cautious expectations, the total issuance is estimated at 13,100.56 billion yuan, a 6% increase year-on-year[8] Refinancing and Debt Replacement - The refinancing local government bonds for replacing hidden debts is expected to remain at 13,372.75 billion yuan in Q1 2026, similar to the previous year[21] - The expected issuance of refinancing local government bonds for repaying maturing local debts is estimated at 7,828.14 billion yuan under optimistic conditions and 7,056.04 billion yuan under cautious conditions[19][20] Risks and Considerations - There are risks associated with the accuracy of the estimated range for new local government bond limits for 2026[36] - The understanding of the Q1 2026 national bond issuance plan may not be fully accurate, which could impact projections[36]

Group 1 - The report highlights that the Chinese economy is showing signs of improvement, with the three major PMI indices rising into the expansion zone. In December 2025, the manufacturing PMI, non-manufacturing business activity index, and composite PMI output index were 50.1%, 50.2%, and 50.7%, respectively, marking increases of 0.9, 0.7, and 1 percentage points from the previous month [8]. - The manufacturing PMI has returned to expansion, with significant improvements in both production and demand. The production index was at 51.7% (+1.7), and the new orders index was at 50.8% (+1.6), both surpassing the critical point [8]. - The report indicates that policy coordination is expected to strengthen economic recovery, with a focus on fiscal preemptive measures and continued liquidity easing. This is anticipated to enhance market confidence in the ongoing economic recovery [8]. Group 2 - The report notes that the Hong Kong stock market experienced a decline in December 2025, with the Hang Seng Index falling by 0.88%, the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index down by 2.37%, and the Hang Seng Technology Index decreasing by 1.48% [15]. - Despite the overall decline, the military industry sector, commercial aerospace, and rare earth permanent magnets showed strong performance, leading the market [16]. - The report emphasizes that the advanced manufacturing sector, cyclical industries, and technology sectors saw significant gains, while the pharmaceutical and medical sectors experienced deeper declines [22][31]. Group 3 - The report highlights that foreign capital index futures positions weakened, with net short positions in IC, IF, and IM expanding, while IH net positions remained at zero [42]. - The report also mentions that the onshore and offshore RMB swap rates have declined, with the domestic bond plus swap yield lower than the US Treasury yield [45]. Group 4 - Upcoming key events include the US non-farm payroll and ISM PMI data, which are expected to be closely monitored in the coming week [47].

中金研究 人民银行发布3月金融机构信贷收支表、其他存款性公司资产负债表及货币当局资产负债表。 点击小程序查看报告原文 开年信贷的微观线索。 一季度新增贷款9.7万亿元，同比多增0.3万亿元，实现良好开局，体现出央行"加大货币信贷投放力度"的政策导向。但从结构来看 仍存在一些"隐忧"：1）一季度新增居民贷款仅占全部新增贷款的11%，同比少增0.3万亿元，新增量为近10年的最低水平，体现居民加杠杆购房和提前消 费仍较为谨慎；2）利率较低、更容易"冲量"的短期对公贷款和票据贴现一季度合计新增3.0万亿元，为最近3年最高值，成为贷款多增的主要贡献，其中 大型银行短期贷款+票据融资同比多增1.4万亿元，远高于中小银行（同比增量持平），体现出大行"冲量"意愿更强；3）一季度末制造业中长期贷款和普 惠小微贷款增速分别为9.3%和12.2%，分别较年初下行2.6和2.4个百分点，增速均为2020年以来最低水平，主要由于产业投资放缓以及小微企业信用风险 上升。 资金整体供过于求。 除居民贷款偏弱外，一季度企业中长期贷款同比少增约0.6万亿元，部分受到政府隐性债务置换的影响。根据《金融时报》测算，一 季度用于化债的特殊再融资专项 ...

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 fiscal budget reflects low revenue growth targets due to domestic and international pressures, while maintaining high expenditure levels to enhance counter-cyclical fiscal adjustments [1][5]. Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure Targets - For the first budget, the 2025 general public budget revenue and expenditure growth targets are set at 0.1% and 4.4% respectively, indicating ongoing fiscal challenges [2]. - The share of spending on livelihood and technology in the general public budget has increased, with livelihood spending accounting for 37.1% and technology spending reaching a historical high of 4.2% [2]. - For the second budget, the growth target for government fund revenue is 0.7%, while expenditure growth is set to increase to 23.1%, indicating a proactive fiscal stance [2]. Fiscal Deficit Analysis - The estimated broad fiscal deficit for 2025 is approximately 11.4 trillion, corresponding to a broad deficit rate of about 8.0%, marking the highest level historically [3]. - The implied nominal GDP for 2025 is calculated to be 141.5 trillion, with a nominal GDP growth rate of approximately 4.9% [3]. Recent Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure Situation - In January-February, general public budget revenue declined, primarily due to negative growth in tax revenue, influenced by the early timing of the Spring Festival [4]. - General public budget expenditure grew by 3.4%, with a notable acceleration in government debt issuance, indicating a proactive fiscal approach [4]. - Expenditures in technology (10.6%), education (7.7%), and social security and employment (6.7%) have shown significant growth, reflecting strong support for livelihood and technological innovation [4].