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社评:中国电动汽车为何成为气候大会“官方严选”
Huan Qiu Wang Zi Xun· 2025-11-09 15:44
Group 1 - The COP30 conference, taking place from November 10 to 21 in Belém, Brazil, symbolizes China's significant role in promoting global green and low-carbon economic transformation [1][2] - China's presence at COP30, particularly through the use of Chinese electric vehicles by leaders and representatives, highlights the integration of green technology into daily life in Brazil [1] - The conference marks the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement, emphasizing the need for actionable commitments to avoid irreversible climate system breakdowns [2] Group 2 - Over the past decade, China's commitment to emission reduction has become increasingly recognized, with the country being seen as a leading force in global climate governance [2][3] - The decline in climate financing from developed countries is being offset by the decreasing costs of clean energy technologies, particularly solar panels and battery combinations from China [2] - China's "Two Mountains" philosophy, which balances economic development with environmental responsibility, serves as a model for other developing countries in achieving sustainable climate action [3] Group 3 - While some countries remain cautious about Chinese electric vehicles, many others are embracing this green wave, highlighting the importance of global cooperation in addressing climate change [4]
美锦能源氢能项目“黄了”?超1.7亿募集资金不再投,转而补充流动资金
Core Viewpoint - Shanxi Meijin Energy Co., Ltd. has made a significant adjustment to its hydrogen energy strategy by terminating the "Hydrogen Fuel Cell Power System and Hydrogen Fuel Commercial Vehicle Parts Production Project (Phase I)" and reallocating the remaining raised funds of 179 million yuan to permanently supplement working capital [1][2]. Group 1: Project Termination Details - The terminated hydrogen energy project had an original planned total investment of 1.502 billion yuan, which was part of the company's fundraising through convertible bonds [2]. - The actual investment progress of the project was only 29.37%, with a cumulative investment of 73.433 million yuan as of September 30, 2025, leaving an unused balance of 179.178 million yuan [2]. - The decision to terminate the project has been approved by the board's audit committee and received a non-objection opinion from the sponsor, CITIC Securities [2][3]. Group 2: External Influences - The termination of the hydrogen energy project is primarily influenced by external environmental changes, including unfavorable policies and market conditions [4]. - The project faced challenges due to the lack of inclusion of Jinzhong City in the national fuel cell vehicle demonstration city cluster, which hindered its progress [4]. - The slower-than-expected promotion of national hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and other unforeseen public health events further contributed to the project's slow investment pace [4]. Group 3: Company Financial Performance - In the first three quarters of 2025, the company reported an operating income of 12.975 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 9.71%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of -737 million yuan, a year-on-year decline of 12.57% [5]. Group 4: Industry Context - The decision to terminate the hydrogen energy project reflects broader changes in the renewable energy landscape in Shanxi Province, where the energy bureau is actively promoting the efficiency of renewable project implementation [6]. - On the same day, the Shanxi Provincial Energy Bureau announced the public notice of the third batch of proposed cancellations of wind and solar power projects, indicating ongoing efforts to streamline renewable energy initiatives [7].
10月国内新能源乘用车零售增速17%
Dong Zheng Qi Huo· 2025-11-09 14:13
1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - The penetration rate of the Chinese new energy vehicle market exceeded 30% in 2023 and 50% since 2024. In 2025, high - competitiveness new car products are continuously launched, and the call for "anti - involution" is growing louder [4][121]. - In the overseas market, severe trade protectionism in Europe and the United States brings volatility risks to exports. Attention should be paid to new growth points such as countries along the Belt and Road and the Middle East [4][121]. - In terms of the competitive landscape, the market share of domestic brands continues to expand. Companies with strong product strength, smooth overseas expansion, and stable supply should be focused on [4][121]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Financial Market Tracking - The weekly price - to - earnings ratios and price - to - book ratios of related sectors and listed companies are presented in the report, including the closing prices and weekly price changes of companies such as BYD, Seres, and Great Wall Motor [14][17]. 3.2 Industrial Chain Data Tracking 3.2.1 China New Energy Vehicle Market Tracking - **China Market Sales and Exports**: Data on China's new energy vehicle sales, penetration rate, domestic sales, and exports are provided, as well as sales data for electric vehicles (EV) and plug - in hybrid vehicles (PHV) [18][20][26]. - **China Market Inventory Changes**: Information on the monthly new additions to new energy passenger vehicle channel inventory and manufacturer inventory is given [27][28]. - **China New Energy Vehicle Manufacturer Deliveries**: Monthly delivery data for new energy vehicle manufacturers such as Leapmotor, Li Auto, XPeng, and NIO are presented [31][32][35]. 3.2.2 Global and Overseas New Energy Vehicle Market Tracking - **Global Market**: Data on global new energy vehicle sales, penetration rate, and sales of EV and PHV are provided [41][42][44]. - **European Market**: Information on European new energy vehicle sales, penetration rate, and sales of EV and PHV in countries like the UK, Germany, and France are presented [45][46][51]. - **North American Market**: Data on North American new energy vehicle sales, penetration rate, and sales of EV and PHV are provided [58][59][60]. - **Other Regions**: Information on new energy vehicle sales, penetration rate, and sales of EV and PHV in regions such as Japan, South Korea, and Thailand are presented [61][62][65]. 3.2.3 Power Battery Industrial Chain - Data on power battery installation volume (by material), export volume (by material), weekly average price of battery cells, and material costs are provided. Information on the production start - up rates and prices of ternary materials, ternary precursors, lithium iron phosphate, and other materials are also included [78][80][85]. 3.2.4 Other Upstream Raw Materials - Data on the daily prices of rubber, glass, steel, and aluminum are presented [101][102][103]. 3.3 Hot News Summaries 3.3.1 China: Policy Dynamics - The State Council Information Office released the white paper "China's Actions for Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality", highlighting China's achievements in green and low - carbon transformation and the promotion of new energy vehicles [108]. 3.3.2 China: Industry Dynamics - According to the Passenger Car Association, from October 1 - 31, new energy vehicle retail sales increased by 17% year - on - year, and cumulative retail sales since the beginning of the year increased by 23%. The estimated wholesale growth rate of new energy vehicles in October was 16% [110][112]. 3.3.3 China: Enterprise Dynamics - Seres was listed on the main board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on November 5, becoming the first luxury new energy vehicle company with "A + H shares". The Aian UT Super 1 car jointly built by JD.com, GAC, and CATL was officially launched [113][114]. 3.3.4 Overseas: Policy Dynamics - The EU Council reached an agreement on the 2040 climate target, aiming to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions by 90% compared to 1990 by 2040 [115]. 3.3.5 Overseas: Industry Dynamics - In the UK, passenger car sales in September increased by 13.7%, with pure - electric and plug - in hybrid electric vehicles increasing by 29.1% and 56.4% respectively. In the US, car sales in October decreased by 5.1% year - on - year, and the new energy vehicle market was in trouble due to the expiration of tax credits [117][118]. 3.4 Industry Views - In the domestic market, in October, new energy passenger vehicle retail sales were 1.4 million, a year - on - year increase of 17% and a month - on - month increase of 8%. From January to October, cumulative retail sales were 10.27 million, a year - on - year increase of 23%. In October, new energy passenger vehicle wholesale was 1.614 million, a year - on - year increase of 16% and a month - on - month increase of 8%. From January to October, cumulative wholesale was 12.061 million, a year - on - year increase of 30%. The new energy retail penetration rate in October was 58.7%, and the wholesale penetration rate was 55.2% [2][119]. - Globally, from January to September, new energy vehicle sales increased by 30% year - on - year to 15.42 million. In the European market, cumulative sales were 2.78 million, a year - on - year increase of 28%; in the North American market, cumulative sales were 1.42 million, a year - on - year increase of 10%; in other regions, cumulative sales were 0.77 million, a year - on - year increase of 54%. The UK reached a new high in September, mainly due to the government's electric vehicle subsidy policy [2][119]. - In the US, new energy vehicle sales and penetration rates reached consecutive record highs in August and September, mainly because the federal electric vehicle tax credit ($7,500) expired on September 30. In October, car sales decreased by 5.1% year - on - year, Ford's electric vehicle sales decreased by 24.8% year - on - year, and Tesla's sales decreased by 30.4% year - on - year in October after a growth in September. Tesla launched low - cost versions of Model Y and Model 3 in October, and the market reaction remains to be seen [3][120]. 3.5 Investment Suggestions - Focus on the new energy vehicle industry in China, pay attention to new growth points in overseas markets such as countries along the Belt and Road and the Middle East, and select companies with strong product strength, smooth overseas expansion, and stable supply [4][121].
电力设备与新能源行业周观察:全球储能需求景气,持续看好AIDC产业链
HUAXI Securities· 2025-11-09 14:02
Investment Rating - Industry Rating: Recommended [5] Core Views - The humanoid robot industry is expected to accelerate towards mass production due to advancements in AI technology and domestic companies' strong demand for core components [11][12] - The lithium battery supply chain remains in a high prosperity trend, with tight supply of certain materials and significant price increases, indicating a recovery phase for profitability [15][17] - The global energy storage market has entered a high prosperity phase, with substantial growth in both domestic and overseas markets driven by diverse revenue sources and increasing electricity demand [26][27] Humanoid Robots - The humanoid robot sector is seeing increased investment from major tech companies, with a focus on the T chain's production and domestic supply chain improvements [12][14] - Key components such as dexterous hands and lightweight materials are expected to drive innovation and market growth [13] New Energy Vehicles - The lithium battery supply chain is experiencing a recovery with multiple supply agreements signed, leading to price increases in key materials like lithium hexafluorophosphate [15][16] - New technologies such as solid-state batteries and advancements in battery materials are anticipated to enhance performance and reduce costs [18][19] New Energy - The global energy storage market is witnessing explosive growth, with significant increases in battery shipments and project developments across various countries [26][27] - The UK’s AR7 auction rules are expected to boost offshore wind energy investments, benefiting domestic suppliers with new orders [28][29] Power Equipment & AIDC - The demand for power equipment is expected to remain high due to the rapid development of AI in North America, creating opportunities for domestic power equipment companies [4]
官宣!京东第一辆车,价格定了
Zhong Guo Ji Jin Bao· 2025-11-09 13:36
| 补 2000元 | 购车补贴 | ¥45.400 | | --- | --- | --- | | 领 2500元 | 泉 泉 卡 | 双11限时租电购买价 | | | 原日中的最新的LUS® | | | | GE 享受权益 | | | | 首年至高省万元 | | | 电池月租金优惠 | 限12月8日24点前下定用户 | 399元/月(原499元/月) | | 换电服务费减免 | 圆12月8日24点前下定用户中的原东PLUS会员 减免100次提电服务费 | 最高2000元 | | 京东甄选折扣 | 前1000名下定用户赠送价值198元原东1号会员店年 115000名下定用户直抓值特价购新车礼包权益 | 首年价值超1000元 | | 京东保 新车车险8折 | 前1000名下定用户原东保 新车车龄8折优惠 | 整单补贴20% | | 京东价保180天 | 開12月31日24点開業成員泰用户,基礎機系(丹農 图1BO天价值:电池租用监监价,租速月租窗, | 10倍差额赔付 | | 跨年购置税补贴 | 圆11月30日前下定用户,因车辆生产、训 胶质年交付车辆: | =2200元 | | 电池买断补贴 | 400 下 ...
4.54万元起!京东第一辆车,价格定了
Zheng Quan Shi Bao· 2025-11-09 13:29
Core Points - JD.com, GAC Group, and CATL launched the "National Good Car" Aion UT Super, with promotional prices starting at 49,900 yuan for battery rental and 89,900 yuan for full vehicle purchase [1][3] Group 1: Product Features - Aion UT Super integrates JD.com's user insights and sales capabilities, GAC's manufacturing expertise, and CATL's battery technology, featuring a 500 km range and 99-second battery swap [3] - The vehicle is built on an A-class platform with a wheelbase of 2,750 mm, providing spacious and comfortable seating [3] - It is equipped with Huawei's cloud vehicle system, offering unlimited functionality, computing power, storage, and updates [3] - Safety features include a unique reverse sentinel and 540-degree panoramic imaging [3] Group 2: Sales and Promotions - JD.com is the exclusive sales platform, offering cashback incentives for early adopters, including government and brand-specific subsidies [3][4] - Customers opting for battery rental can receive a 2,000 yuan subsidy, while full vehicle purchases can enjoy a 4,000 yuan subsidy [3] - The first 1,000 JD Plus members who place orders after November 9 will receive a 2,500 yuan JD E-card [3] Group 3: Manufacturing and Collaboration - Aion UT Super is produced at GAC Aion's smart eco-factory in Changsha, which meets top global manufacturing standards [4] - The collaboration aims to reconstruct the entire value chain of the electric vehicle industry, enhancing the consumer experience from research to after-sales service [4]
公募基金周报:两只巴西ETF获资金抢购-20251109
CAITONG SECURITIES· 2025-11-09 11:25
Report Industry Investment Rating - No information provided in the content Core Views - Important news: A database for performance comparison benchmarks of public funds is coming; the scale of bond ETFs has exceeded 70 billion yuan; the MSCI index has been adjusted, with 26 Chinese stocks newly included [3] - Market review: During the week of 20251103 - 20251107, major broad - based A - share indices showed an upward trend, while most overseas indices showed a downward trend [3][17] - Fund market review: Half of the active equity funds achieved positive returns this week, with the median interval return of active equity funds at 0.19%. Cyclical and financial real - estate themed funds performed prominently [3] - ETF fund statistics: The top three ETF categories in terms of performance this week were H - share broad - based, manufacturing, and cyclical themed ETFs. There were 490 ETFs with net capital inflows and 516 with net outflows [3] - Fund market dynamics: 52 public funds had new fund manager appointments, 48 new public funds were established, 44 public funds started their initial issuance, and 56 public funds were waiting to be issued [3] - Equity fund issuance tracking: The issuance scale of equity funds this week was 21.836 billion yuan, a decrease of 1.759 billion yuan from last week. There are still 276 newly issued funds in the position - building period [3] Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Important News 1.1 Market Dynamics - A database for performance comparison benchmarks of public funds is coming. The draft for soliciting opinions on the operation of the benchmark element library has been issued. The benchmark library mainly includes stock indices, divided into two categories, with 69 in the first category and 72 in the second [8] - The number of newly issued funds this year has reached a new high in the past three years. As of November 3, more than 1300 new funds have been issued this year, with over 700 new stock - type funds [9] - The ETF product of Jiaoyin Schroeder Fund has been approved and is expected to start issuing in December. It is the first time in 14 years that the company has restarted the layout of the ETF product line [10][11] 1.2 Product Hotspots - The scale of bond ETFs has exceeded 70 billion yuan. As of October 31, the scale reached 70.0044 billion yuan. The scale of single - product and the management scale of some fund companies have also increased significantly [11][12] - The compilation of the China Cheng Tong Brand Value Index has been launched, aiming to guide capital to state - owned central enterprises and benchmark private enterprises with core brand advantages [12] - New pharmaceutical indices have been frequently launched, such as the China Securities Science and Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship Innovative Drug Index and the China Securities Science and Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship Medical Device Index [12] 1.3 Overseas/Offshore Markets - The MSCI index has been adjusted, with 69 new inclusions and 64 exclusions in the MSCI Global Standard Index. In the MSCI China Index, 26 Chinese stocks were newly included and 20 were excluded [14] - Two Brazilian ETFs were snapped up by funds. They reached their fundraising scale limits on the first day of issuance, with the confirmed ratio of Huaxia Fund's Brazilian ETF at about 11.5% and that of E Fund at about 11.8% [15][16] - Public QDII funds are gradually replenishing their positions in US stocks, which has reduced the drawdown risk of some funds during the recent adjustment of the Hong Kong stock market [17] 2. Market Review - A - share market: Major broad - based indices showed an upward trend. The Shanghai Composite Index rose 1.08% to 3997.56, the CSI 300 Index rose 0.82% to 4678.79, etc. [17] - Overseas indices: Most showed a downward trend. The Nikkei 225 index fell 4.07%, the South Korean Composite Index fell 3.74%, and the Nasdaq index fell 3.04% [17] - Industry performance: The power equipment and new energy, and steel industries led the gains. The top five industries in the CITIC First - level Industry Index were power equipment and new energy (5.10%), steel (4.57%), etc. [21] 3. Fund Market Review 3.1 Active Equity Fund Performance - In the recent week, cyclical and financial real - estate themed funds performed prominently, with average interval returns of 1.55% and 0.78% respectively. In the recent three months, technology and cyclical themed funds led, with average interval returns of 25.67% and 21.54% respectively [24] - Half of the active equity funds achieved positive returns this week, with the median interval return at 0.19%. Cyclical and financial real - estate themed funds had median interval returns of 1.62% and 1.19% respectively [27] 3.2 High - performing Fund Performance Statistics - The Galaxy Core Advantage A (011629.OF) performed outstandingly this week, with an interval return of 11.65%. The report also listed the top five funds in each industry theme [29][30] 4. ETF Fund Statistics 4.1 ETF Fund Performance - In terms of the average interval return this week, the top three ETF categories were H - share broad - based (1.77%), manufacturing (1.62%), and cyclical themed ETFs (1.48%). In the recent month, the top three were international broad - based (7.11%), cyclical (5.51%), and commodity futures themed ETFs (4.49%) [31] 4.2 ETF Fund Capital Flow Statistics - In terms of net capital inflows this week, the top categories were technology (9.242 billion yuan), pharmaceuticals (9.059 billion yuan), and financial real - estate (7.223 billion yuan). The category with the largest net outflows was A - share broad - based (18.939 billion yuan) [34] - There were 490 ETFs with net capital inflows and 516 with net outflows. The top three ETFs with net inflows were Guotai CSI All - Index Securities Company ETF, Haifutong CSI Short - Term Financing ETF, etc. The top three with net outflows were Huatai - Peregrine CSI 300 ETF, Huaxia SSE 50 ETF, etc. [37] 4.3 ETF Fund Premium and Discount Statistics - As of November 7, 2025, the top three ETFs in terms of premium rate were Huatai - Peregrine China Securities Korea Exchange China - South Korea Semiconductor ETF, Huaan Mitsubishi UFJ Nikkei 225 ETF, etc. The top three in terms of discount rate were E Fund CSI Hong Kong Stock Connect China 100 ETF, Huaxia SSE Smart - Selection Science and Technology Innovation Value 50 Strategy ETF, etc. [39] 5. Fund Market Dynamics 5.1 Fund Manager Changes - 52 public funds had new fund manager appointments, involving 46 fund managers from 35 fund management companies. The top three fund management companies in terms of the number of affected funds were Fullgoal Fund, Bosera Fund, etc. [41] - 57 public funds had fund manager departures, involving 35 fund managers from 28 fund management companies. The top three fund management companies in terms of the number of affected funds were Yongying Fund, Dacheng Fund, etc. [42] 5.2 Newly Established Funds This Week - A total of 48 new public funds were established this week, with a combined issuance share of 26.5 billion [3] 5.3 Funds with Initial Issuance This Week - 44 public funds started their initial issuance this week, with the largest number being passive index funds (14) [3] 5.4 Funds Waiting to be Issued - As of November 9, 2025, there were 56 public funds waiting to be issued [3] 5.5 Equity Fund Issuance Tracking - The issuance scale of equity funds this week was 21.836 billion yuan, a decrease of 1.759 billion yuan from last week. There are still 276 newly issued funds in the position - building period, with an estimated 29.71% having a position - building ratio of less than 5% and an estimated 82.761 billion yuan of funds yet to be invested [3]
GGII:2025年前三季度国内动力电池装机量TOP10
高工锂电· 2025-11-09 10:54
Core Insights - The article highlights the growth of China's new energy vehicle (NEV) market, with sales expected to reach approximately 9.293 million units in the first three quarters of 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 25% [4] - The corresponding power battery installation volume is projected to be around 481.0 GWh, showing a year-on-year growth of 39% [4] - The top ten power battery manufacturers accounted for about 94.8% of the total installation volume, with a slight decrease in market concentration by 1.6 percentage points compared to the previous year [4] Market Performance - The top ten battery companies all experienced a year-on-year growth rate of over 27%, with five companies—Guoxuan High-Tech, Yiwei Lithium Energy, XINWANDA, Ruipu Lanjun, and Zhengli New Energy—surpassing 50% growth [4] - The article provides detailed sales data for various automotive brands, indicating significant sales figures for companies like BYD, Tesla, and Geely [6][7] Industry Trends - The article suggests a trend towards increased concentration in the power battery market, with the leading companies continuing to dominate the sector [4] - It also indicates a growing interest in solid-state lithium battery technology, as evidenced by the upcoming release of a blue paper on the development of the solid-state lithium battery industry chain in China [11]
“顶流”广东:23.5亿车次背后流动的盛宴
Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the vibrant economic activity and consumer enthusiasm in Guangdong, driven by the upcoming 15th National Games, showcasing the region's integration and development within the Greater Bay Area [3][10]. Traffic and Travel Data - In the first ten months of this year, Guangdong's highway traffic reached 2.35 billion vehicle trips, a year-on-year increase of 4.57% [2][7]. - Daily average traffic is approximately 7.74 million vehicle trips, with passenger vehicle traffic at 1.89 billion trips (up 5.25%) and freight vehicle traffic at 460 million trips (up 1.91%) [7]. - The traffic flow across five major cross-river and cross-sea channels reached 137 million trips, with a daily average of 449,200 trips, marking a 10.52% increase [7]. Economic Impact of the National Games - The National Games have significantly boosted hotel, flight, and train ticket searches, with a nearly 400% increase in related searches over the past week [4][6]. - During the National Games, flight bookings to Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Zhuhai increased by 26%, with Guangzhou seeing a notable growth of 28.8% [8]. Consumer Behavior and Tourism - The overall tourism consumption in Guangzhou increased by 20%, with ticket bookings rising by 61.6% and hotel orders up by 15.4% [8]. - Guangdong has launched the "Enjoy Warm Winter, Travel Guangdong" campaign to attract tourists and enhance their experience during the National Games [8][11]. Economic Resilience and Growth - Guangdong has maintained its position as China's top economy for 36 consecutive years, with a total economic output surpassing 14 trillion yuan during the 14th Five-Year Plan [10]. - The province has seen a continuous influx of talent, with over 1 million college graduates choosing to work or start businesses in Guangdong this year [10]. Innovation and Technology - Guangdong is recognized for its advancements in key industries, including a 43% increase in new energy vehicle production, which accounts for one in four new energy vehicles in China [10]. - The province has also made significant strides in industrial robotics and smartphone production, leading the nation in both sectors [10].
电力设备及新能源周报20251109:储能需求高增,六氟磷酸锂价格持续上涨-20251109
Minsheng Securities· 2025-11-09 08:58
Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for key companies in the electric power equipment and new energy sectors, including Ningde Times, Kodali, and others [5][6]. Core Insights - The electric power equipment and new energy sector saw a weekly increase of 4.98%, outperforming the Shanghai Composite Index, with notable rises in nuclear power (10.94%), solar energy (7.70%), and energy storage (2.84%) [1]. - Demand for energy storage is significantly increasing, with the price of lithium hexafluorophosphate continuing to rise, exceeding 120,000 yuan/ton, doubling since the end of September [12]. - The domestic energy storage market completed 10GW/29.4GWh of bidding work in October 2025, with strong demand in regions like Inner Mongolia and Gansu [3][35]. Summary by Sections New Energy Vehicles - Tianqi Materials signed long-term contracts for 159,500 tons of electrolyte with Guoxuan High-Tech and Zhongchuang Innovation, bringing the total contracted electrolyte volume to over 3 million tons [2][12]. - The electrolyte market saw a 40% year-on-year increase in shipments for the first three quarters of 2025, with Q3 shipments up 32% [12]. New Energy Generation - The production of polysilicon is expected to decline by over 10% in November, with a projected output of 134,000 tons in October [3][33]. - The domestic component production is expected to be less than 44.5GW in November, with potential for price rebounds and profit recovery [34]. Electric Power Equipment and Automation - The State Grid's five batches of bidding for transmission and transformation equipment totaled 10.559 billion yuan, with significant contracts across various equipment types [4]. - Key companies to watch include Ningde Times, Kodali, and others [4]. Investment Recommendations - The report highlights three main investment themes: 1. Long-term competitive landscape improvements in battery and separator segments, recommending companies like Ningde Times and Enjie [29]. 2. The impact of 4680 technology iterations on the supply chain, focusing on companies involved in high-nickel cathodes and silicon-based anodes [29]. 3. New technologies leading to high elasticity, with a focus on solid-state battery companies [29].