一棵产自山东的白菜，登上北京市民的餐桌，会产生多少碳排放？在今天，随着农产品流通越来越广泛 和通畅，碳排放的问题，也越来越引发了人们的关注。但如何才能真正了解和追踪农产品大流通中的碳 排放？ 记者日前从中国农科院农业环境与可持续发展研究所获悉，我国正在建设全球首个覆盖三大主粮、大宗 经济作物等8大品类农产品，包含29个省级行政区3.8万条数据的农业碳足迹基准数据库，标志着我国农 业绿色低碳转型迈入精准量化管理新阶段。 赵立欣介绍，数据库具有三大核心功能，第一，借助数据库系统，政府职能部门能够全面掌握我国主要 农产品的碳足迹情况。可回溯20年省级碳足迹变迁规律，通过空间特征图谱识别农产品低碳优势产区， 为宏观激励政策和具体措施提供了决策依据。第二，数据库建立了"省域碳足迹基准值"评价体系，企业 可通过横向比对知悉产品低碳水平，据此优化生产技术。这不仅为低碳农产品的评价提供了科学依据， 还能有效推动低碳农产品市场和产业的健康发展。第三，数据库基于农产品全产业链碳排放构成解析， 重点锁定高排放环节和主要排放源，通过定向诊断、推荐先进减排固碳技术，为特定区域、特定产品量 身定制"一地一品一策"的低碳解决方案，助力农业 ...

Group 1: Core Insights - The visit of President Xi Jinping to Russia signifies the deepening of pragmatic cooperation between China and Russia, showcasing resilience and complementarity despite external challenges [1][2] - The bilateral trade volume between China and Russia reached $244.8 billion in 2024, marking a 1.9% year-on-year increase, with China maintaining its position as Russia's largest trading partner for 15 consecutive years [2][4] - The strategic cooperation between the two nations is characterized by enhanced political trust, deepening strategic collaboration, and expanding cultural exchanges, reflecting their commitment to a multipolar world and a shared future [2][3] Group 2: Economic Cooperation - The pragmatic cooperation between China and Russia is showing strong momentum in emerging sectors such as technology innovation, automotive production, cross-border e-commerce, and medical equipment, indicating significant growth potential [4][5] - Traditional cooperation areas, including machinery manufacturing, heavy industry, aerospace, energy, and logistics, are expected to continue driving the strategic partnership forward [4][5] - New cooperation potentials are identified in complementary industrial sectors, with Russia excelling in raw materials and heavy machinery, while China leads in computer and precision equipment manufacturing [5][6] Group 3: Trade Dynamics - In the first three months of the year, the trade volume between China and Russia was $53.213 billion, reflecting a 6.6% year-on-year decline, although a significant increase of 16% was observed in March [6][7] - The decline in trade volume is attributed to seasonal factors and does not indicate a long-term trend, as both countries are committed to maintaining stable and predictable economic cooperation [6][7] - Despite challenges posed by external trade conflicts, the cooperation between China and Russia is expected to persist, with both nations aiming to establish a multipolar world [7][8]

Core Viewpoint - The agricultural sector in China is experiencing a positive transformation, characterized by increased planting areas, technological advancements, and improved quality and safety standards, contributing to food security and rural modernization [1][2][3] Group 1: Agricultural Development - The intended planting area for grain is 1.79 billion acres, reflecting a commitment to food security, with 960 million acres dedicated to spring sowing, laying a solid foundation for the year's harvest [1] - The integration of technology in agriculture, such as the use of drones and IoT sensors, is enhancing productivity and efficiency, with a 30% increase in the renovation rate of old greenhouse facilities and a 15% rise in milk yield in smart farms [2] Group 2: Market and Consumer Dynamics - The "vegetable basket" project demonstrates resilience in the face of global agricultural market fluctuations, with over 10,000 tons of transactions facilitated daily through production and sales platforms [2] - The shift in consumer preferences from merely "eating enough" to "eating well" and "eating healthily" indicates a significant transformation in the agricultural market, driven by improved supply quality and government regulation [2] Group 3: Quality and Safety Standards - The agricultural product quality safety compliance rate stands at 98.3%, showcasing a commitment to food safety, with initiatives leading to a 40% reduction in pesticide use and a 25% increase in apple export growth [3] - The comprehensive quality improvement strategy encompasses green production, standard control, and smart supervision, ensuring that consumers have access to safe and high-quality agricultural products [3]

Core Insights - The core viewpoint of the article is that China's grain production is expected to exceed 1.4 trillion jin in 2024, with significant improvements in agricultural technology leading to enhanced supply capabilities and overall agricultural competitiveness over the next decade [1][2]. Group 1: Agricultural Production Forecast - The report predicts that grain production in China will reach approximately 709 million tons in 2025, showing a slight increase from the previous year [2]. - Specific crop yields are expected to grow, with rice, wheat, and corn projected to increase by 0.5%, 0.9%, and 0.2% respectively, while soybean production is anticipated to rise by 2.5% to 21.17 million tons [2]. Group 2: Consumption Trends - Agricultural product consumption in China is expected to grow slowly, with a noticeable trend towards healthier and more diverse consumption patterns [2]. - There will be a slight increase in grain consumption, while the growth rates for poultry and aquatic products are expected to slow down, and demand for beef, lamb, and dairy products may weaken [2]. Group 3: Agricultural Trade and Structural Changes - The report indicates a decreasing trend in the import volume of bulk agricultural products due to increased domestic production and slower consumption growth [2]. - Over the next decade, the structure of agricultural trade is expected to optimize, with a more diversified range of import sources [3]. Group 4: Technological Advancements and Future Outlook - The advancement of agricultural technology and the promotion of high-yield, high-quality, and resilient crop varieties are projected to lead to a breakthrough in agricultural productivity [3]. - The overall agricultural production capacity is expected to steadily improve, with stable sowing areas and increased grain yields being key factors for growth [3].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining a reasonable self-sufficiency level in agricultural production while recognizing that appropriate imports are necessary for development. It highlights the need for strong agricultural capacity to ensure China's position in international competition [1][4]. Group 1: Agricultural Policy and Strategy - The Central Committee and State Council of China have issued the "Plan for Accelerating the Construction of an Agricultural Power (2024-2035)," which outlines the main goals and tasks for building an agricultural powerhouse [1]. - The plan is seen as a strategic framework for guiding agricultural and rural development, aiming to transform China from an agricultural giant to an agricultural powerhouse [1][3]. Group 2: Current Agricultural Situation - China's grain security level is high, with a projected per capita grain availability of 500 kilograms in 2024, significantly above the international safety standard of 400 kilograms [2]. - However, there is increasing pressure on agriculture due to rising consumer expectations and a growing reliance on imports for certain agricultural products, particularly soybeans and edible oils [2][3]. Group 3: Self-Sufficiency and Import Dependency - The article stresses the need for a balanced approach to self-sufficiency, with specific targets set for various animal products, such as maintaining a pork self-sufficiency rate of around 95% and beef and lamb at 85% [3]. - It warns against excessive reliance on international markets for essential food supplies, as this could lead to vulnerabilities in times of crisis [2][3]. Group 4: Agricultural Development and Innovation - The article calls for comprehensive efforts to enhance domestic agricultural production capabilities, including improving the quality, variety, and structure of agricultural products [3][4]. - It advocates for the integration of agricultural technology and innovation, as well as the establishment of a modern agricultural management system to ensure food security [4].