Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the ongoing developments in the automotive industry, particularly focusing on electric vehicles and market performance [2][3]. Group 2 - Dongfeng Motor announced that it aims to achieve over 1 million sales in both new energy vehicles and self-owned passenger cars by 2025, with a year-on-year growth of 22% in new energy vehicle sales and a 12% increase in self-owned brand sales, which now account for 63% of total sales [2]. - The UK used car market experienced a growth of 2.8% in Q3 2025, with transaction volumes surpassing 2 million units, marking the strongest Q3 performance since 2021 and a record of 11 consecutive quarters of growth [2]. - A new mandatory standard for electric vehicle energy consumption will be implemented starting January 1, 2026, which is the first of its kind globally. This standard tightens the energy consumption limits by approximately 11% compared to the previous recommendation and aims to improve the driving experience by increasing the average driving range by about 7% for vehicles weighing around 2 tons [2][3].

要说柴油机和汽油车最大的区别，那就是燃烧方式，汽油机是预混合的火焰传播燃烧，阶段包括进 气→压缩（油气混合物）→点火燃烧（定容燃烧）→排气；柴油机主要是扩散燃烧，进气（纯空气）→ 压缩（纯空气）→喷油自燃（定压燃烧）→排气。 柴油机与汽油机最根本的区别在于点火方式，柴油机采用压燃式（CI Engine，Compress Ignition Engine）点火，而汽油机则依赖火花塞点燃（SI Engine，Spark Ignition Engine）。 柴油机工作时，只吸入空气并将其压缩，随后喷油器将柴油以雾状形式喷入高温高压的空气中，柴 油在压缩空气产生的高温下自行燃烧。这种点火方式决定柴油机不需要复杂的点火系统，如火花塞和高 压线圈。汽油机则不同，它吸入的是空气与燃油的混合物，在压缩冲程接近尾声时，火花塞产生电火花 点燃混合气。 由于柴油机依靠压燃式燃烧，因此燃油喷射压力极高，高的达到2500bar，而汽油机目前量产的第 五代EA888搭载的500bar喷油压力已属"天花板"，对比柴油机的供油压力是"小巫见大巫"。同时，柴油 机由于没有点火系统，省去火花塞等部件的定期更换，总体维护成本较低。但柴油机的喷油嘴和 ...

来源：央视财经 当地时间22日，德国汽车制造商梅赛德斯-奔驰公司与代表美国近50个州的总检察长组成的诉讼联盟就 一项柴油车排放争议问题，宣布达成和解协议。根据协议内容，梅赛德斯-奔驰公司需向这些州支付近 1.5亿美元，约合10.56亿元人民币资金，用于治理空气污染。接下来，该协议将提交给法院进行审批。 梅赛德斯-奔驰被指控为数十万辆在美发售的柴油车安装了一款未公开的软件，通过该装置可骗过排放 测试，以此来规避美国相关排放规定，此举误导消费者且涉嫌非法排放、污染空气。根据此次达成的和 解协议，梅赛德斯-奔驰所支付的资金将用于治理空气污染以及配合车主进行车辆合规排放的维修。 据悉，这项诉讼始于2020年由多州检察部门发起的一项柴油车排放调查。调查中发现部分奔驰汽车的污 染物排放水平高出法定限额的30到40倍，此后，梅赛德斯-奔驰同意支付了22亿美元，以解决调查并向 25万名车主进行赔偿。而这也并非曝出"排放门"丑闻的首家车企。2015年，另一家德国汽车巨头大众汽 车首次被曝排放丑闻，其承认在全球市场近1100万辆汽车上安装了排放作弊软件，并最终支付超200亿 美元的罚款。 此次和解协议涵盖除加利福尼亚州和亚利桑那 ...

欧洲新车市场在电动汽车强劲增长推动下延续复苏势头，11月销量实现连续第五个月同比增长。 12月23日，据欧洲汽车制造商协会(ACEA)数据显示，包含欧盟、英国和欧洲自由贸易协会在内的整体市场11月汽车销量同比增长2.4%至 110万辆。 电动汽车成为市场增长主要驱动力，其中纯电动汽车注册量在欧盟市场份额达到21%，英国为26%，挪威更是高达98%。德国、意大利 和西班牙等主要市场的电动汽车注册量均出现显著增长。 在纯电动汽车（BEV）领域，比亚迪和特斯拉两大巨头的表现呈现出截然不同的轨迹。比亚迪11月注册量同比暴涨221.8%，市场份额达 到2%，而特斯拉注册量则下降11.8%，尽管在挪威创下销售纪录，但市场份额降至2.1%。 尽管近期势头积极，但是ACEA警告称整体销量仍远低于疫情前水平。分析认为，欧洲汽车工业正处于转型的关键十字路口，不仅面临 来自中国的高性价比竞争和美国进口关税的压力，还需应对自身盈利能力的挑战。 电动汽车引领市场增长 电动汽车在11月表现强劲，各类电动化车型注册量均实现大幅增长。 据ACEA数据，纯电动汽车注册量同比增长44.1%，混合动力汽车增长38.4%，插电式混合动力汽车增长4. ...

就在昨天（12月16日），欧盟委员会正式宣布放弃之前誓言要实施的2035年内燃机禁令，取而代之的是一个折中的目标：到2035年，新车的碳排放量将比 2021年减少90%，而非最初计划的100%。这意味着，欧盟不再追求全面电动化，插电式混合动力车、增程式电动车，甚至一部分使用低碳燃料的内燃机车 都能合法地存在到2035年。曾经高调宣扬气候行动、决心埋葬燃油车时代的欧盟，自己亲手为这个计划敲响了丧钟，给其最关键的一颗钉子松了口。 那么，究竟是什么让这些西装革履的官员们如此迅速地改变了立场？答案非常简单——现实。毕竟，现实总能给那些好大喜功的人上课！如果回顾一下几年 前的情景就能理解。当时，欧盟雄心勃勃推出了欧洲绿色新政，其中最亮眼的政策之一就是2035年内燃机禁令。计划看起来美好：到2035年，所有新销售的 乘用车和轻型商用车必须实现零排放，也就是说，全面禁止销售新的汽油车和柴油车。背后既有为了实现2050年气候中和目标的政治决心，也有希望引领全 球汽车产业变革、让欧洲车企继续占据主导地位的雄心。然而，美好的愿景碰上了残酷的现实，这项充满希望的禁令从一开始就充满了争议与阻力。德国、 意大利等汽车大国率先提出反对意 ...

Core Insights - Mexico has solidified its leading position in high-tech manufactured goods exports in Latin America and the Caribbean over the past two decades, with its share in regional high-tech product exports rising to 85% in 2024 from 76% in 2005, while Brazil's share has decreased from 15% to 7% [1] - Mexico dominates 18 out of 20 key high-tech product categories, with a focus on the automotive and electronics sectors, including significant exports of gasoline light vehicles, digital processing units, and receivers with transmitters [1] - Brazil, while maintaining its position as the second-largest exporter in the region, has seen a decline in export value and only holds competitive advantages in specific sectors such as diesel vehicles, aircraft, pharmaceuticals, and circuits [1] Industry Analysis - The manufacturing sector in Brazil has seen a decline in its GDP contribution from 19.2% in 1997 to 11.3% in 2018, alongside a decrease in the share of high-tech product exports [1] - Factors contributing to Brazil's "deindustrialization" trend include low productivity, inadequate infrastructure, heavy tax burdens, and high exchange and interest rates, compounded by the global shift in industrial chains [1] - Mexico's per capita export value exceeds $1,400, significantly above the regional average, indicating a concentration of high-tech manufacturing capabilities in a few countries, particularly Mexico and Costa Rica [2] - The continued clustering of the electronics and automotive supply chains positions Mexico to maintain its status as a regional high-tech manufacturing hub in the coming years [2]

Core Insights - In the first ten months of the year, Croatia sold a total of 60,896 new cars, representing an increase of 4,754 vehicles or 8.5% compared to the same period last year [1] - In October alone, 5,158 new cars were registered, which is an increase of 798 vehicles or 18.3% year-over-year [1] - The most popular car brands in Croatia are Škoda, Volkswagen, Opel, Renault, and Suzuki [1] Sales Data - The breakdown of new car sales by fuel type for the first ten months shows that 48.3% were gasoline vehicles, 36.1% were hybrid vehicles, 12% were diesel vehicles, 1.9% were gasoline-powered vehicles, and 1.6% were electric vehicles [1]

Core Insights - The European automotive market is experiencing a significant shift towards electric vehicles, with approximately 1.3 million pure electric vehicles registered in the first nine months of the year, accounting for 16.1% of total new car registrations [1] Electric Vehicles - Pure electric vehicle registrations increased to about 1.3 million, representing a growth of 38.3% in Germany, 12.4% in Belgium, and 3.9% in the Netherlands [1] - Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) saw registrations rise to approximately 2.79 million, making up 34.7% of the market [1] - Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) registered around 723,000 units, which is 9% of the total market [1] Traditional Vehicles - Gasoline vehicle registrations fell by 18.7%, with all major markets experiencing declines; France saw the largest drop at 32.8%, followed by Germany (-23.5%), Italy (-16.6%), and Spain (-13.2%) [1] - The market share of gasoline vehicles decreased from 34.4% in the same period last year to 27.7% [1] - Diesel vehicle registrations dropped by 24.7%, holding a market share of 9.3% [1]

Core Insights - The EU automotive market experienced a year-on-year growth of 0.9% in the first three quarters, marking three consecutive months of recovery, with a significant 10% increase in September alone [1] Market Performance - The electric vehicle (EV) market is showing a continued structural differentiation, with battery electric vehicles (BEV) accounting for 16.1% of the market share, up from 13.1% year-on-year, totaling 1.3 million registrations [1] - Germany saw a remarkable growth of 38.3% in BEV registrations, while Belgium and the Netherlands grew by 12.4% and 3.9%, respectively. France experienced a slight decline of 0.2% year-to-date but had an 11.2% increase in September [1] Hybrid and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles - Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) remain a preferred choice, capturing 34.7% of the market share, with growth observed in France, Spain, Germany, and Italy [1] - Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) increased their market share to 9.0%, with 723,000 registrations, showing significant growth in Spain (105.2%), Germany (63.9%), and Italy (72.6%) [1] Traditional Fuel Vehicles - Traditional fuel vehicles are under pressure, with gasoline vehicle registrations declining by 18.7% year-on-year, reducing their market share from 34.4% to 27.7% [1] - Diesel vehicle registrations fell by 24.7%, resulting in a market share decrease to 9.3% [1]

Group 1 - The core point of the article highlights the growth of hybrid vehicle imports in Jordan, with a total of 6,834 units imported in the first half of 2025, representing a 31% year-on-year increase [1] - In contrast, the overall vehicle clearance from the Zarka Free Zone to the domestic market decreased to 30,782 units, a decline of 9% year-on-year [1] - The clearance of electric vehicles fell to 18,816 units, down 17%, while diesel vehicle clearances dropped by 31% to 2,379 units; gasoline vehicle clearances remained stable at 2,753 units, with a slight increase of 3% [1] Group 2 - The re-export activities in the Jordan Free Zone showed strong growth, with 39,641 vehicles re-exported in the first half of the year, marking a 67% increase [4] - The strong growth in re-exports indicates a response to regional market demand, particularly from Syria and Iraq, highlighting the need for regulatory clarity and a stable investment environment [4] - Jordan imposes tariffs of 60%-100% on imported hybrid and fuel vehicles, while only a 10% tariff is applied to electric vehicles, making the market more favorable for electric vehicle imports [4] Group 3 - In March 2023, BYD became the first Chinese electric vehicle company to enter the Jordanian market, launching four electric models in partnership with local dealer Mobility Solutions Auto Trade Company [6] - Other Chinese automakers, such as Great Wall Motors and Changan, have also made moves to enter the Jordanian market, with various agreements signed for local vehicle adaptations and product launches [6][9] - However, Chinese car manufacturers face challenges from established brands like Toyota and Hyundai, which have a strong presence and supply chain in Jordan, necessitating efforts in quality assurance, local supply chain establishment, and brand marketing [9]