当传统巨头收缩战线之际，比亚迪以"研发投入连续13年超净 利润"的长期主义，驱动销量跻身全球前五，诠释"技术为 王"的逆袭逻辑。 作者：薛致以 封图：图片资料室 近日，11月产销数据出炉。作为年末冲销量的晴雨表，11月销量是车企全年销量冲刺期的效果显 现，其中中国新能源汽车的月度成绩单再次成为焦点。龙头比亚迪11月单月新能源汽车销量达48 万辆，创下年内新高；此外上汽集团、吉利汽车的新能源汽车销量以及新势力品牌的销量均有不俗 的表现。 在全球汽车产业格局重塑的当下，中国新能源汽车正以前所未有的速度崛起，在全球市场渗透率不 断提升。在这股行业浪潮中，比亚迪的表现尤为突出，其不仅月度销量持续保持绝对领先优势，前 11个月累计销量更是达到418.2万辆，同比增长11.30%，继续保持行业榜首地位。 值得关注的是，在11月产销数据发布前夕，国内外车企相继发布三季度财报。不难发现，以比亚 迪为首的中国车企与全球巨头相比出现业绩分化现象，呈现出"东升西落"的态势。一边是外资巨 头增长乏力，甚至有车企出现利润腰斩，一边是中国车企普遍业绩向好，这不禁让人发问，为 何"比亚迪们"能够逆势保持平稳发展？ 具体来看，财报中一组差异 ...

Core Insights - The November sales data highlights the strong performance of China's electric vehicle (EV) industry, with BYD achieving a record monthly sales of 480,000 units, marking a year-high [1] - BYD's cumulative sales for the first eleven months reached 4.182 million units, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 11.3%, maintaining its leading position in the industry [1] - A divergence in performance is noted between Chinese automakers, led by BYD, and foreign giants, with the former showing robust growth while the latter struggles [1][4] Sales Performance - In November, BYD's sales reached 480,000 units, while other major players like SAIC and Geely also reported strong sales figures [1] - BYD's cumulative sales for the first eleven months of the year reached 4.182 million units, a year-on-year increase of 11.3% [1] R&D Investment - BYD's R&D expenditure for the first three quarters of the year was 43.7 billion yuan, a 31% increase year-on-year, positioning it as a leader in R&D investment among global automakers [1][4] - Over the past decade, BYD has invested over 220 billion yuan in R&D, consistently prioritizing technology as a core strategy [4] - In contrast, traditional foreign automakers like Volkswagen and BMW have reduced their R&D spending, indicating a more conservative approach to innovation [4] Technological Advancements - BYD has introduced innovative technologies such as the Tian Shen Eye driver assistance system and the Super e-platform, enhancing its product competitiveness [6] - The company ranks second globally in electric vehicle battery usage, with a total of 55.1 GWh in the third quarter, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 28.4% [6] Market Expansion - BYD's energy storage systems have positioned it among the top three globally, with significant projects like the largest energy storage project in Germany [7] - The company has seen a 136% year-on-year increase in overseas sales, reaching 700,000 units in the first three quarters, contributing significantly to its growth [11] Brand Development - BYD's high-end brand strategy has led to rapid increases in sales and market share, enhancing its global influence and technological authority [9] - The U9 Xtreme model has set a world record for electric vehicles, showcasing BYD's technological prowess and elevating the brand's status in the automotive industry [9]

Core Insights - The Chinese new energy vehicle (NEV) industry has shown strong growth since the "14th Five-Year Plan," with annual production and sales exceeding 12 million units, enhancing core competitiveness and contributing to high-quality economic development [1] - The automotive industry is undergoing a transformation from traditional industrial expansion to a technology-driven model, focusing on innovation and quality improvement [1][3] - In September, NEV production reached 1.617 million units and sales reached 1.604 million units, marking year-on-year increases of 23.7% and 24.6% respectively [1][3] - BYD has achieved cumulative global sales of 3.26 million units from January to September, a year-on-year increase of 18.64%, and has completed 70.87% of its annual sales target [3][5] Industry Growth - The NEV market is shifting from policy-driven to market-driven, indicating increasing consumer acceptance [3] - The total production of NEVs in the first three quarters of 2025 reached 11.243 million units, with sales of 11.228 million units, reflecting year-on-year growth of 35.2% and 34.9% respectively [1] Technological Innovation - Technological advancements have led to improvements in battery range, charging efficiency, energy consumption, and intelligence levels, enhancing product competitiveness [3][5] - BYD's R&D expenses reached 43.75 billion yuan, a 31% increase year-on-year, with total R&D investment exceeding 220 billion yuan [5] - The introduction of the "Tiangshen Eye" advanced driving assistance system has significantly contributed to BYD's sales, with over 1.7 million units sold since its launch [3][5] User-Centric Development - BYD's focus on technology innovation addresses user needs for safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability, creating a strong link between user demand and industry development [3][11] - The fifth-generation DM technology has achieved a thermal efficiency of 46.06% and a fuel consumption of 2.6 liters per 100 kilometers, directly responding to user demands for lower operating costs [7][9] - BYD's "Yunlian" intelligent vehicle body control system and "Tiangshen Eye" system enhance driving comfort and safety, making advanced features accessible to more consumers [9][11]

Core Insights - A-share listed companies in China have seen a continuous increase in R&D investment, reaching a total of 1.16 trillion yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, marking a year-on-year growth of 3.88% [1][2] - High R&D investment is becoming a significant driver for performance growth among listed companies, particularly in sectors like biomedicine, semiconductors, and artificial intelligence [1][4] R&D Investment Overview - In the first three quarters of 2025, 168 companies invested over 1 billion yuan in R&D, with 13 companies exceeding 10 billion yuan [2] - BYD leads with R&D expenses of 43.748 billion yuan, followed by China State Construction and China Mobile with 23.979 billion yuan and 20.423 billion yuan respectively [2][3] Sector-Specific Insights - Companies with high R&D investment are primarily in biomedicine, semiconductors, and AI, which are crucial for building technological barriers and driving industry innovation [1][10] - China State Construction is advancing digital innovation and smart construction technologies, while China Mobile has established the world's first 6G small-scale test network [4] Notable Companies - ZTE Corporation reported R&D expenses of 17.814 billion yuan, accounting for 17.72% of its revenue, focusing on AI-related product development [4] - CATL's R&D expenses reached 15.068 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 15.26%, highlighting its innovation in battery technology [5] R&D Intensity by Market Segment - The overall R&D intensity in the A-share market is 2.16%, with the Sci-Tech Innovation Board showing a significantly higher intensity of 11.22% [6] - The median R&D intensity for companies on the Sci-Tech Innovation Board is 12.4%, indicating a strong focus on technology [6][7] Industry Trends - The computer, biomedicine, and electronics sectors exhibit high R&D intensity, with 43 companies in computing, 25 in biomedicine, and 15 in electronics among the top 100 for R&D investment [8] - The differences in R&D investment ratios among A-share companies reflect industry characteristics and corporate strategies, with biomedicine and semiconductors requiring higher investment due to long development cycles and international competition [10]

Core Viewpoint - BYD has demonstrated a strong commitment to research and development (R&D), with significant investments leading to a competitive edge in the global automotive market, particularly in the context of the ongoing transformation towards electrification and smart technology [1][5][10]. Financial Performance - In the first three quarters of this year, BYD's revenue reached 566.27 billion yuan, marking a 13% year-on-year increase [1]. - R&D expenses for the same period amounted to 43.75 billion yuan, representing a substantial 31% increase compared to the previous year, exceeding net profit by 20.5 billion yuan [1][5]. R&D Leadership - BYD maintains its position as the "R&D King" among over 5,400 listed companies in the A-share market, with a lead of nearly 20 billion yuan over the second-ranked company [3]. - The cumulative R&D investment has surpassed 220 billion yuan, with 14 out of the last 15 years seeing R&D expenditures exceed net profits [5]. Technological Achievements - BYD's "Tian Shen Zhi Yan" advanced driver-assistance system has seen cumulative sales of over 1.7 million vehicles by September [6]. - The company has filed over 65,000 patents globally, showcasing a robust cycle of R&D investment leading to technological achievements and market recognition [8]. Market Expansion - In the first three quarters of 2025, BYD's overseas sales reached 701,600 units, a remarkable 132% increase year-on-year [8]. - The launch of the K-EV BYD RACCO at the Tokyo Motor Show reflects BYD's strategy of localized product innovation driven by strong R&D capabilities [8]. Sales Performance - In October, BYD achieved a record monthly sales figure of 441,706 vehicles, indicating successful market conversion of its R&D investments [9]. Strategic Outlook - BYD's R&D-driven model is expected to undergo further value reassessment as technological advantages are realized in international markets, reinforcing its competitive position globally [10].

Core Insights - China's R&D expenditure reached 1.16 trillion yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, marking a 3.88% year-on-year increase, indicating a strong shift towards innovation-driven development [1][3] - The overall revenue of listed companies in China was 53.46 trillion yuan, with a net profit of 4.70 trillion yuan, reflecting a growth of 1.36% and 5.50% respectively [3] - The R&D intensity across the A-share market is 2.16%, with the Sci-Tech Innovation Board showing a significantly higher intensity of 11.22% [4][5] R&D Investment Trends - Over 2,780 listed companies reported an increase in R&D expenses, with more than 1,200 companies seeing a rise of over 15% [3] - The strategic emerging industries have an overall R&D intensity of 5.21%, with sectors like aerospace and new energy vehicles showing fixed asset investment growth exceeding 10% [4] - The top R&D spenders include BYD, China State Construction, and ZTE, with BYD leading at 437.48 billion yuan, significantly higher than its competitors [9][10] Sector Performance - The Sci-Tech Innovation Board companies achieved a revenue of 1.01 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 6.6% [5] - Key technological breakthroughs have been reported, including the approval of 26 new drugs and advancements in semiconductor technology [6] - The electronics industry has surpassed the banking sector in total market value, indicating a shift in industry leadership [12]

Core Viewpoint - China's R&D investment has exceeded 1.16 trillion yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, marking a 3.88% year-on-year increase, indicating a strong shift towards innovation-driven development in the industry [1][3]. R&D Investment Overview - A total of 5,446 listed companies in China reported R&D expenditures of 1.16 trillion yuan, continuing a trend of over 1 trillion yuan in R&D spending for three consecutive years [1]. - The overall revenue of listed companies reached 53.46 trillion yuan, with a net profit of 4.70 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 1.36% and 5.50%, respectively [3]. Sector Analysis - The R&D intensity across the A-share market is 2.16%, while the R&D intensity for strategic emerging industries is significantly higher at 5.21% [4]. - The STAR Market (科创板) shows an impressive R&D intensity of 11.22%, indicating a strong focus on technology-driven growth [4][5]. Leading Companies in R&D - BYD leads with R&D spending of 437.48 billion yuan, significantly higher than the second-place China State Construction's 239.79 billion yuan [6][8]. - Other notable companies with over 100 billion yuan in R&D investment include ZTE, CATL, and Midea Group, showcasing a trend of substantial investment in innovation [9]. Performance Metrics - Companies on the STAR Market reported a revenue of 1.01 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 6.6%, driven by high R&D investments [5]. - The growth in R&D spending is correlated with significant technological breakthroughs, such as the approval of new drugs and advancements in semiconductor technology [5][9]. Industry Trends - The electronics sector has surpassed the banking sector in total market value, indicating a shift in industry dynamics towards technology and innovation [10]. - Advanced manufacturing sectors, including storage chips and new energy vehicles, have shown remarkable growth, with revenue and net profit increases exceeding 10% and 20%, respectively [10].

Core Insights - BYD's Q3 revenue reached 194.99 billion yuan with a net profit of 7.82 billion yuan, showing a quarter-on-quarter growth of 23% and an increase in gross margin by 1.6 percentage points [1] - For the first three quarters of the year, BYD's revenue totaled 566.27 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 13%, setting a new record for the same period [1] - R&D expenses for the first three quarters amounted to 43.75 billion yuan, a significant increase of 31% compared to the previous year, highlighting BYD's commitment to innovation [1] Financial Performance - BYD's Q3 net profit was 7.82 billion yuan, reflecting a strong operational performance despite increased industry competition [1] - The company's cumulative R&D investment has exceeded 220 billion yuan, significantly outpacing its net profit for the same period [1] Sales and Market Position - BYD's global sales reached 3.26 million units from January to September, marking an 18.64% year-on-year increase and achieving 70.87% of its annual target of 4.6 million units [3] - The introduction of the "Tian Shen Zhi Yan" advanced driver-assistance system has contributed to the sales of smart models, with over 1.7 million units sold since its launch [3] International Expansion - BYD's overseas sales surged to 701,600 units from January to September, a remarkable increase of 132% year-on-year, with products now available in 117 countries and regions [3] - The company recently celebrated the production of its 14 millionth electric vehicle in Brazil, indicating strong international demand [3] Future Outlook - Citigroup's latest report forecasts BYD's sales to reach 4.67 million and 5.39 million units in the next two years, driven by the growth of high-end brands and a comprehensive product matrix [3]

Core Insights - China's R&D expenditure reached 1.16 trillion yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, marking a 3.88% year-on-year increase, continuing a trend of exceeding one trillion yuan for three consecutive years, indicating a strong shift towards innovation-driven development [1][2][3] - The overall performance of listed companies improved, with total revenue of 53.46 trillion yuan and net profit of 4.70 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 1.36% and 5.50% respectively [2] - A total of 2,780 A-share companies reported an increase in R&D expenses, with over 1,200 companies showing a growth rate exceeding 15%, driven by policy incentives and the urgency of industrial upgrades [3][4] R&D Investment Trends - The R&D intensity across the A-share market is 2.16%, with the Sci-Tech Innovation Board (STAR Market) showing a significantly higher intensity of 11.22%, indicating a strong focus on technology [3][4] - The median R&D intensity for companies on the STAR Market is 12.4%, with some companies in the growth sector reaching as high as 44.3% [4] - In the first three quarters, 168 companies reported R&D expenditures exceeding 1 billion yuan, with 13 companies surpassing 10 billion yuan [7][10] Leading Companies - BYD leads in R&D investment with 437.48 billion yuan, significantly higher than the second-ranked China State Construction at 239.79 billion yuan [8][9] - Other notable companies with over 100 billion yuan in R&D investment include ZTE, CATL, and Midea Group, with ZTE's R&D expenses at 178.1 billion yuan, representing 18% of its revenue [10][11] - CATL's R&D investment reached 150.68 billion yuan, while Midea Group invested 129.44 billion yuan, both showing substantial year-on-year growth [11] Industry Performance - The high R&D investment is correlated with significant technological breakthroughs, such as the approval of 26 new drugs and advancements in semiconductor technology [5] - The high-tech manufacturing sector reported a combined R&D investment of 2.296 trillion yuan, with revenue and net profit growth of 10% and 19% respectively [11] - In the first three quarters, 17 out of 19 industry categories reported profitability, with notable growth in advanced manufacturing sectors like storage chips and new energy vehicles [12][13]

Core Insights - BYD's Q3 2025 financial report shows a significant divergence in core data, with revenue declining by 3.05% year-on-year to 194.985 billion yuan, marking the first quarterly revenue drop since 2022, while net profit fell sharply by 32.6% to 7.823 billion yuan, indicating ongoing performance pressure [1][3] - Despite a 12.75% year-on-year increase in revenue for the first three quarters to 566.266 billion yuan, net profit decreased by 7.55% to 23.333 billion yuan, highlighting challenges in short-term profitability [3][4] - The company has adjusted its annual sales target from 5.5 million to 4.6 million units, with Q3 sales showing a 1.8% year-on-year decline, primarily due to a 5.52% drop in September sales, marking the first monthly sales decline this year [3][4] Revenue and Profit Trends - Q3 revenue of 194.985 billion yuan represents a 3.05% decline year-on-year, while net profit of 7.823 billion yuan reflects a 32.6% drop [3][4] - For the first three quarters, total revenue reached 566.266 billion yuan, up 12.75% year-on-year, but net profit decreased by 7.55% to 23.333 billion yuan [3][4] - The company's gross margin improved slightly from 16.3% in Q2 to 17.9% in Q3, yet remains at a near low for recent years [4] Sales Performance - BYD's global sales for the first three quarters reached 3.26 million units, a year-on-year increase of 18.64%, but Q3 sales saw a decline of approximately 1.8% [3] - The company completed 70.87% of its revised annual sales target by the end of Q3, necessitating nearly 450,000 units per month in the remaining two months to meet the target [3] R&D Investment - R&D expenses for the first three quarters totaled 43.75 billion yuan, a 31.3% increase year-on-year, significantly exceeding net profit [6] - The company has invested 10.9 billion yuan more in R&D than Tesla this year, launching several advanced technologies [6][7] - The rising R&D expense ratio has negatively impacted profits, with the cost per vehicle reaching 112,000 yuan in Q2, up approximately 10,000 yuan from the previous quarter [6] Competitive Landscape - The intensifying competition in the smart vehicle sector poses a challenge for BYD, with competitors like Tesla and Huawei gaining market share [8][9] - To differentiate itself, BYD needs to enhance its smart driving technology and accelerate the iteration of its "Tian Shen Zhi Yan" system [8] - The company is advised to build an integrated smart ecosystem and localize R&D efforts to adapt to different market regulations and consumer habits [8][9]