21世纪经济报道 记者郭聪聪 金融是实体经济运行的血脉。近年来，我国坚定不移走中国特色金融发展之路，着力优化金融资源配置，全力推进科技金融、 绿色金融、普惠金融、养老金融、数字金融 "五篇大文章" 建设。随着五大金融领域标准体系和基础制度的不断完善，金融业不 断积极探索、谋篇布局，以实际行动不断提升金融服务的可获得性和便利度。金融如何进一步有效助力经济社会发展，成为行 业的"必答题"。 为凝聚行业智慧、共探发展新路径，11月22日，由南方财经全媒体集团指导、21世纪经济报道主办的"第二十届21世纪金融年 会"在北京盛大召开。 本届年会以"重塑金融韧性 穿越利率周期"为主题，在主论坛上，金融监管部门代表、权威专家学者、金融行业领军者与产业精 英齐聚一堂，围绕金融高质量发展的关键议题开展研讨，从政策解读、创新路径、风险防控等多个维度建言献策，为金融业在 新周期中坚定方向、增强韧性、实现可持续发展提供了宝贵思路与实践参考。 以下为本次主论坛嘉宾发言精华集锦，以飨读者。 门」作为中国金融改革的见证者和记录者, 我们在媒 体里比较早注意到了中国经济增长逻辑及金融在其中 所扮演角色的深刻变化,也就是中国经济正在从"房地 ...

新华财经北京11月25日电（康耕甫）日前，《2025中国银行业竞争力研究报告》（以下简称《报告》） 在京发布。《报告》立足2025年承前启后的关键节点，聚焦银行业高质量发展核心主题，深度剖析宏观 经济转型与全球金融变革交汇下的行业机遇与挑战，为探寻复杂环境中银行业竞争力的核心密码，提供 了兼具专业性与权威性的参考依据。 其中，规模子榜单聚焦总资产、总负债等核心指标，直观呈现银行的体量优势；盈利子榜单围绕营业收 入、ROA 等关键数据，展现银行的盈利质量与盈利能力；成长性子榜单则将营业收入增长率、核心一 级资本充足率、成本收入比等指标纳入考量，力求从业务扩张、资本实力、运营效率和未来潜力等多个 维度，更为立体地展现银行的成长能力。 第三部分聚焦"五篇大文章"相关领域，系统呈现了2025年银行业在"五篇大文章"中的实践成果与发展路 径。 《报告》全面覆盖了科技金融、数字金融、养老金融、绿色金融、普惠金融五大领域，从六大行科技金 融组织架构升级，到中小银行科技贷款高增速；从AI重塑数字竞争力，到养老金融迈入"精耕时代"；从 五家银行跻身绿色信贷"万亿俱乐部"，到普惠金融迈向差异化精准服务，揭示了行业未来发展的多元路 ...

Group 1 - The year 2025 is identified as a pivotal year for the banking industry in China, marking a transition period with both opportunities and challenges arising from macroeconomic transformation and global financial changes [1] - The "2025 China Banking Industry Competitiveness Research Report" was released on November 22, focusing on the core theme of high-quality development in the banking sector and analyzing the industry's competitiveness amidst complex environments [1][2] - The report highlights that by 2025, global economic growth will exhibit a "fragmented" characteristic, with increasing policy divergence among major central banks, while domestic economic stability faces challenges due to insufficient effective demand [2] Group 2 - The first part of the report presents the overall situation of high-quality development in China's banking industry, showcasing resilience in the face of internal and external uncertainties, with signs of stabilization in net interest margins and accelerated recovery in middle-income [2] - The second part of the report focuses on the "Top 100 Competitiveness of Chinese Banks (2025)" ranking, utilizing a four-dimensional indicator system based on objective data from commercial banks' 2024 annual reports [2] - The third part of the report covers the practical achievements and development paths in five key areas of finance, including technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance, revealing diverse future development paths for the industry [3]

Core Insights - The report emphasizes the critical year of 2025 as a pivotal point for China's banking industry, highlighting the historical achievements during the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the industry's high-quality development amidst internal and external challenges [1][2]. Group 1: Overall Industry Trends - The banking industry is facing uncertainties but demonstrates resilience, with signs of stabilization in net interest margins and a recovery in middle-income sources [3]. - The global economic growth is characterized by fragmentation, with increasing policy divergence among major central banks, while domestic economic stability is challenged by insufficient effective demand [3]. - The financial regulatory framework is being enhanced to support stable development, focusing on risk prevention, strong regulation, and promoting growth [3]. Group 2: Competitiveness Rankings - The report includes a comprehensive analysis of the "Top 100 Competitiveness Rankings of China's Banking Industry (2025)" based on four key indicators: scale, profitability, stability, and growth [4]. - Sub-rankings include "Top 100 by Scale," "Top 100 by Profitability," and "Top 100 by Growth," providing a multidimensional view of banks' strengths [4]. - The scale ranking focuses on total assets and liabilities, while the profitability ranking examines operating income and return on assets (ROA), and the growth ranking considers revenue growth rates and capital adequacy [4]. Group 3: Key Development Areas - The report covers five major areas of development: technology finance, digital finance, pension finance, green finance, and inclusive finance, showcasing practical outcomes and development paths for 2025 [5]. - It highlights advancements in technology finance, including organizational upgrades in major banks and rapid growth in technology loans from smaller banks [5]. - The report also notes the entry of five banks into the "trillion club" for green credit and the evolution of inclusive finance towards differentiated and precise services [5].

新华社北京11月22日电（记者 李延霞）《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规 划的建议》提出，加快建设金融强国，并作出一系列重要部署。这是"金融强国"首次写入五年规划建 议。 "现代化强国必然是金融强国，纵观世界历史，大国崛起离不开金融的强有力支撑。"清华大学国家 金融研究院院长田轩表示，经过多年发展，我国已迈入世界金融大国之列，但客观上看，我国金融体系 仍然存在结构不够均衡、基础设施建设有待完善、市场机制不够成熟等问题，仍处于"大而不强"的阶 段，与我国作为全球第二大经济体的发展需求之间存在匹配度的差距。 "十五五"时期是我国基本实现社会主义现代化的关键时期，也将是推动金融高质量发展、加快建设 金融强国的关键时期。 "顺利实现'十五五'各项重点战略任务，金融要为经济社会发展提供更高质量的服务，金融业的全 球竞争力和话语权要进一步提升，必须锚定金融强国建设目标，扎实做好各项工作，推动金融由大到强 的跃升。"田轩说。 金融是国民经济的血脉，是国家核心竞争力的重要组成部分。全球最大的银行体系，第二大保险、 股票和债券市场，外汇储备规模稳居世界第一……党的十八大以来，我国金融改革发展事业稳健前行， 金 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for the banking industry in China to adapt to profound changes in the economic and social environment, focusing on risk prevention, regulatory strength, and high-quality development in line with the "14th Five-Year Plan" [1][5]. Group 1: Financial Industry Development - The total assets of China's banking financial institutions reached 474.3 trillion yuan by the end of Q3 [1]. - The banking sector is tasked with supporting China's modernization while pursuing its own high-quality development and structural transformation [1]. - The "14th Five-Year Plan" suggests a strong focus on developing technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, elderly finance, and digital finance [1]. Group 2: Financial Services and Innovation - Financial institutions are encouraged to enhance their service capabilities to support the construction of a modern industrial system and new productive forces [2]. - The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China plans to refine its strategic planning and strengthen its risk management system [2]. - China Bank reported a technology loan balance of 4.7 trillion yuan, with over 83 billion yuan provided in comprehensive services [2]. Group 3: Competition and Regulatory Environment - The banking sector faces intensified competition from internet technology companies and internal industry rivalry [3]. - The "14th Five-Year Plan" calls for optimizing the financial institution system and promoting differentiated development to avoid homogenized competition [3]. - Regulatory authorities will guide banks to adopt differentiated development paths based on their resources and market positioning [3]. Group 4: Strategic Adjustments for Small and Medium Banks - Small and medium-sized banks are advised to adjust their strategic direction to embrace new economies and serve new driving forces [4]. - These banks should focus on strategic emerging industries and enhance their risk management capabilities [4]. Group 5: Strengthening Financial Regulation - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes comprehensive financial regulation and the establishment of a risk prevention and resolution system [5]. - Regulatory efforts will focus on proactive warning, comprehensive coverage, and precise measures to maintain financial stability [5]. - The rise of artificial intelligence is expected to enhance early identification and management of financial risks [5]. Group 6: Legal and Regulatory Framework - Financial legal construction is deemed essential for the development of the banking industry [6]. - Regulatory frameworks need to adapt to the rapid development of financial technology and the complexities of financial products [6].

Group 1: Forum Overview - The 9th Xiong'an New Area Investment and Financing Development Forum was held in Beijing, focusing on "14th Five-Year Plan" outlook and financial empowerment for new productivity cultivation [1] - Over 400 representatives from government, enterprises, universities, and financial institutions participated to discuss financial support for Xiong'an's construction and economic development [1] Group 2: Government and Institutional Support - The Fengtai District government emphasized the importance of financial support and collaboration for Xiong'an's development, highlighting initiatives in technology finance and green finance [1] - The Hebei Provincial Financial Office aims to guide quality financial resources towards Xiong'an, focusing on technology enterprises and strategic industries during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [2] - The Hebei State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission plans to enhance cooperation with financial institutions to innovate investment and financing models for state-owned enterprises [2] Group 3: Financial Institutions and Market Development - Caida Securities shared its "investment banking + investment + research" model, aiming to provide comprehensive financial services aligned with Xiong'an's industrial needs [3] - The Hebei Securities Regulatory Bureau is committed to building a safe and transparent capital market while supporting direct financing for enterprises in Xiong'an [2][3] Group 4: Academic Contributions - Hebei Financial College is actively involved in Xiong'an's development by proposing new financial programs and engaging in research projects [2] - Experts discussed the importance of creating a conducive business environment and fostering new productivity as a strategic driver for high-quality development [3][4] Group 5: Investment Focus and Future Directions - The forum highlighted the need for a financing system that aligns with innovation cycles to drive Xiong'an's growth [5] - The National Development and Reform Commission identified key investment areas for the "14th Five-Year Plan," focusing on new productivity and major infrastructure projects [5] - A new book on the transformation of local government investment and financing platforms was released, providing theoretical and practical guidance for urban investment platform transformation [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the resilience and long-term investment value of bank stocks, particularly focusing on Industrial Bank's recent performance amidst external challenges, highlighting its differentiated operations and strong core competitiveness [1]. Group 1: Operating Performance - Industrial Bank reported a revenue of 161.23 billion yuan for the first three quarters, a year-on-year decrease of 1.82%, but achieved a net profit of 63.08 billion yuan, indicating positive growth in net profit despite a challenging environment [2]. - The bank's net interest margin stood at 1.72%, maintaining a relatively leading position among joint-stock banks, and it aims to implement effective strategies to stabilize net interest income [3]. Group 2: Differentiated Competitive Advantage - Industrial Bank continues to enhance its "green bank," "wealth bank," and "investment bank" identities, with green finance financing balance reaching 2.47 trillion yuan, a 12.8% increase from the beginning of the year [4]. - The bank's asset management scale reached 3.51 trillion yuan, growing by 20.62% year-on-year, with retail wealth AUM at 3.95 trillion yuan, reflecting its strong market position [5]. Group 3: Risk Management and Asset Quality - The bank has seen a decrease in new non-performing loans and non-performing loan ratios, with the non-performing loan rate at 1.08%, indicating stable asset quality [6]. - The bank has established agile teams for risk management in key areas, enhancing its ability to address potential risks effectively [7]. Group 4: Shareholder Returns and Valuation - Industrial Bank has a history of significant shareholder returns, with cumulative dividends of 216.1 billion yuan since its listing, and recently announced a mid-term dividend of 5.65 yuan per 10 shares [8]. - The bank's static dividend yield is 5.29%, and its price-to-book ratio is 0.53, positioning it as a high-quality dividend stock for long-term investors [9].

Monetary Policy Implementation - The People's Bank of China emphasizes the need for a moderately accommodative monetary policy to maintain relatively loose social financing conditions [1][2] - The report highlights the importance of balancing short-term and long-term goals, supporting economic growth while managing risks, and ensuring internal and external equilibrium [1][2] Financial Environment and Tools - The report calls for the use of various monetary policy tools to ensure ample liquidity and to guide banks in maintaining stable credit support [2][3] - It stresses the need for a scientific approach to financial total indicators, shifting focus from loans to social financing scale due to changes in financing structure and economic transformation [2][3] Interest Rate and Market Mechanisms - The report advocates for deepening interest rate marketization reforms to enhance the transmission channels of monetary policy [2][3] - It emphasizes the importance of maintaining reasonable interest rate relationships to improve the effectiveness of monetary policy and reduce arbitrage opportunities [3] Structural Monetary Policy Tools - As of September, the balance of structural monetary policy tools supporting key areas was 3.9 trillion yuan, with loan growth in related sectors exceeding 10% [4] - The report highlights the rapid growth of loans in the pension industry, approaching 60%, indicating a diverse range of covered subjects [4] Financial Risk Management - The report outlines the need for a comprehensive macro-prudential management system and mechanisms for systemic financial risk prevention and resolution [4][5] - It calls for enhancing the macro-prudential management of systemically important financial institutions and expanding the coverage of additional regulatory measures to non-bank sectors [5]

Core Insights - The People's Bank of China emphasizes the importance of monetary credit policy in guiding financial development [1] - The report outlines a focus on five key areas: technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance [1] - There is a commitment to support major national strategies and address key areas and weaknesses in economic and social development [1] Group 1: Monetary Policy and Financial Development - The report highlights the need to optimize and effectively utilize monetary policy tools that support technological innovation [1] - It stresses the importance of enhancing data development and utilization in the technology finance sector [1] - The establishment of a technology finance system that aligns with technological innovation is a priority [1] Group 2: Green Finance Initiatives - The report calls for the optimization of carbon reduction support tools and the expansion of green finance product offerings [1] - It mentions the need to develop carbon accounting rules for financial institutions in key high-carbon industries [1] - Financial institutions are encouraged to participate in the construction of carbon markets in a prudent manner [1]