研究还发现了一个引人注目的现象：当培养温度从常规的37℃降至34℃（接近睾丸生理温度）时， 无论是源自男性还是女性iPSC的细胞，进入减数分裂的效率均显著提高。这一结果挑战了低温仅有利 于精子生成的传统认知，为未来构建人工卵巢微环境提供了重要线索。 此次团队另辟蹊径，完全绕过PGC阶段，直接激活减数分裂程序。他们通过基因工程改造干细胞， 使其一旦启动减数分裂便发出荧光信号，便于实时监测。随后，他们又系统筛选了多种基因组合，并结 合两种小分子化合物，显著提升了减数分裂的诱导效率。 经过对超过64万个细胞的高通量测试，团队鉴定出3个关键调控基因：BOLL、MEIOC和HOXB5。 令人意外的是，HOXB5此前并未被明确关联到减数分裂过程里，而此次发现揭示了其潜在的重要作 用。 实验结果显示，在优化条件下，细胞可在约12天内完成减数分裂的前两个阶段——细线期和偶线 期。到第15天，部分细胞进入粗线期，实现遗传物质交换。这是人类细胞在体外首次被明确诱导进入这 一核心生殖过程。 科技日报北京8月18日电 （记者张梦然）一项由美国哈佛大学Wyss研究所与哈佛医学院联合开展的 突破性研究，首次在体外引导人类诱导多能干细胞（ ...

科技日报讯 （记者金凤）记者8月17日从东南大学获悉，该校教授顾忠泽团队联合中国科学院外籍 院士丘成桐团队等研发出基于几何表面参数化的多组学预测技术。该技术能提升对结直肠肿瘤等实体瘤 的组织分型与分子标志物的预测准确率，有望支撑人工智能在病理图像分析领域的应用。相关成果近日 刊发于中国工程院院刊《工程学》。 "人工智能已经在病理诊断中有不少应用，但现有算法多用于自然图像领域，其处理不规则病理图 像的能力有限。"论文第一作者、东南大学生物科学与医学工程学院博士生黄锴介绍，当碰到病理组织 分布不均匀等情况时，人工智能对疾病的预测准确度就会大打折扣。 "病理切片中的组织形状很不规则，造成图像中有许多空白区域，这些空白对于疾病的诊断没有意 义，我们将包含少量空白的不规则组织的图像提取出来，再将这些图像转换为正方形。"论文共同通讯 作者李铁香介绍，团队通过几何映射技术，保留了病理图像关键特征，同时引入多尺度和各向异性信 息，提升病理切片图像中有关肿瘤区域的信息量。经过这番处理，既减少了对无用信息的储存、处理， 又能增强卷积神经网络对肿瘤特征的学习能力。 黄锴介绍，团队使用该方法在573名结直肠癌患者的1802张切片上进 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of humidity on health and provides recommendations for removing excess moisture from the body, emphasizing the importance of traditional Chinese medicine and lifestyle adjustments [1][2]. Group 1: Health Implications of Humidity - Excess moisture in the body can lead to symptoms such as abdominal distension, loss of appetite, and unformed stools, potentially progressing to chronic gastrointestinal issues [1]. - The spleen and stomach are identified as key organs for metabolizing moisture, and their weakness can result in the accumulation of dampness in the body [1]. Group 2: Recommendations for Moisture Removal - For individuals with mild dampness, methods such as cupping and moxibustion are suggested, while those with severe dampness may require acupuncture and herbal medicine after proper diagnosis [1]. - Dietary recommendations include consuming ingredients like coix seed, adzuki beans, and mung beans, as well as drinking water made from lotus leaves and winter melon [2]. Group 3: Lifestyle Adjustments - It is advised to wear breathable natural fabrics like cotton, linen, and silk, and to opt for moisture-wicking clothing in humid conditions [1]. - Regular exercise is encouraged, focusing on light activities such as jogging, Qigong, and yoga, with a recommended duration of no more than 30 minutes [2]. - Maintaining a regular sleep schedule, ideally sleeping before 11 PM for 6 to 8 hours, is highlighted as crucial for the body's moisture regulation [2].

Core Viewpoint - The technology developed by China Aluminum Zhengzhou Research Institute for long-life shelling hammers in aluminum electrolysis has achieved international leading standards, addressing significant challenges in the industry [1][2]. Group 1: Technology Development - The new technology involves breakthroughs in alloy material preparation, composite material homogenization, and cladding process design, indicating high complexity and development difficulty [1]. - The research team has developed a multi-element coupling wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, along with a coating cladding process that ensures a strong metallurgical bond between the coating and the substrate [2]. Group 2: Performance Improvement - The lifespan of the shelling hammers has been extended from approximately 6 months to around 4 years, significantly improving operational efficiency [2]. - The technology has been implemented in 18 aluminum electrolysis enterprises nationwide, resulting in a cost reduction of 32.5 yuan per ton of aluminum produced [2]. Group 3: Future Plans - The research team aims to further optimize the material composition and preparation process to extend the hammer's lifespan to 6-8 years, aligning it with the lifespan of the electrolysis cell, thereby promoting green and low-carbon aluminum production [2].

人类思考、记忆和感受时，大脑里的白质纤维束像高速公路一样传递着信息，而大脑皮层的复杂褶 皱就像山脉和河谷，为信息传递提供了独特的支撑。记者18日从中国科学院自动化研究所获悉，来自该 所的科研人员成功揭示人类大脑皮层形态与白质纤维连接的内在关系。相关研究成果在线发表于《自 然-通讯》杂志。 "过去，学界惯于把大脑皮层的形状与白质纤维的连接分开研究，忽视了二者耦合所蕴含的全局机 制。"论文通讯作者、中国科学院自动化研究所研究员樊令仲说。 在这项研究中，科研人员利用高分辨率多模态磁共振成像技术，创造性地将皮层复杂的折叠形态分 解为不同"频率"的几何模式，并描绘了主要白质纤维束在皮层表面的连接点分布。结果发现，皮层的几 何模式可以非常准确地预测纤维束的连接分布，就像地形决定河流的走向。 "我们把这种可以精确测量的紧密配合关系称为'白质纤维—皮层几何耦合'（TGC）。这种关系不 仅非常稳定，还能像指纹一样区分不同个体。"樊令仲说，深入分析TGC发现，大脑结构的形成是"先 天"与"后天"共同作用的结果。 （原载于《科技日报》 2025-08-19 第01版） ...

Core Viewpoint - A revolutionary new crystal material has been developed by a research team from Pusan National University and Hokkaido University, capable of absorbing and releasing oxygen under mild temperature conditions, which could pave the way for advancements in clean energy technologies [1] Group 1: Material Characteristics - The innovative material is a special metal oxide primarily composed of strontium, iron, and cobalt, exhibiting the ability to stably release and efficiently absorb oxygen in normal gas environments [1] - Unlike traditional materials that are often fragile or require extreme conditions to operate, this new crystal can function effectively in mild temperature environments and demonstrates excellent reversibility, returning to its original state after each "breathing" cycle [1] Group 2: Applications and Implications - The intelligent self-regulating feature of this material suggests broad application prospects in various fields, including clean energy development, electronic device upgrades, and green building materials [1] - Potential innovations include new types of solid oxide fuel cells, thermal transistors, and smart windows that can automatically adjust according to environmental conditions [1]

英国国家物理实验室研究团队开发出超高精度单电子探测技术，其时间分辨率达到创纪录的万亿分之一 秒（皮秒级）。这项发表于最新一期《物理评论快报》的研究成果，为新一代量子设备的研发奠定了坚 实基础。 传统电子电路存在大量电子，这些粒子之间的相互作用往往会导致效率损失。能否精确操控单个电子， 以制造出单电子高速电路？最新电子检测方法朝这一目标迈进了一步。 研究团队创新性地采用半导体砷化镓薄片作为实验平台，通过精确注入和追踪两个电子的相互作用过 程，实现了前所未有的单电子探测精度。 实验过程中，研究团队将两个电子分别注入材料的不同位置。当这两个带电粒子高速接近时，它们之间 的库仑力导致其运动轨迹发生偏转。通过实时监测这种微妙变化，在电子相互作用发生后的6皮秒内完 成了电子探测，这一速度较现有技术提升约100倍。在这一时间尺度探测到电子，有助揭示两个电子"一 举一动"的细节，为理解电子行为本质并设计新型电子器件提供了重要工具。 单个电子本质上是量子粒子，这项技术突破意味着科学家现在可以更深入地探索和利用电子的量子特 性，为量子通信、量子计算等前沿领域带来新的可能性。单电子设备可完成某些单光子量子设备的任 务，这些设备有望 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the risks of data poisoning in AI systems, highlighting how malicious interference can lead to incorrect AI learning and potentially dangerous outcomes in various sectors like transportation and healthcare [1][2]. Group 1: Data Poisoning Risks - Data poisoning can occur when misleading data is fed into AI systems, causing them to develop incorrect understandings and make erroneous judgments [1][2]. - A notable example of data poisoning is the case of Microsoft's chatbot Tay, which was forced offline within hours of launch due to being manipulated by users [2]. - The rise of AI web crawlers has led to concerns about the collection of toxic data, which can result in copyright infringement and the spread of false information [3]. Group 2: Copyright and Defensive Measures - Creators are increasingly concerned about their works being used without permission, leading to legal actions like the lawsuit from The New York Times against OpenAI for copyright infringement [4]. - Tools like Glaze and Nightshade have been developed to protect creators' works by introducing subtle alterations that confuse AI models, effectively turning their own creations into "poison" for AI training [4]. - Cloudflare has introduced "AI Maze" to trap AI crawlers in a loop of meaningless data, consuming their resources and time [4]. Group 3: Decentralized Defense Strategies - Researchers are exploring decentralized technologies as a defense against data poisoning, with methods like federated learning allowing models to learn locally without sharing raw data [5][6]. - Blockchain technology is being integrated into AI defense systems to provide traceability and accountability in model updates, enabling the identification of malicious data sources [6]. - The combination of federated learning and blockchain aims to create more resilient AI systems that can alert administrators to potential data poisoning threats [6].

Core Insights - The company Wanrui Cold Electric Technology has developed China's first low-temperature refining and neon removal device, achieving a helium gas purity of 99.99997% (6N9 level) from natural gas, marking a significant breakthrough in the low-abundance helium extraction field in China [1][2] Company Overview - Wanrui Cold Electric is recognized as a national key support "specialized, refined, and innovative" small giant enterprise, continuously increasing R&D investment to overcome critical core technologies [2] - The company has independently developed a new "combined method" helium extraction process, integrating four advanced techniques: dehydrogenation, membrane separation, pressure swing adsorption, and low-temperature refining [2] Industry Context - Helium is a non-renewable strategic resource essential for large scientific installations, advanced medical applications, and aerospace, often referred to as the "blood of industry" [1] - China's average helium abundance in natural gas fields is only 0.03%-0.05%, significantly lower than the international level of 1%-7%, leading to inefficiencies in traditional helium extraction technologies [1]

Core Insights - The successful completion of the gas storage sealing cycle test at the world's largest artificial cavern gas storage in Changsha, Hunan, signifies China's mastery of relevant technologies in the field, accelerating the industrialization and scaling of compressed air energy storage [1][2] Group 1: Test Achievements - The test achieved a pressure breakthrough of 18 MPa, surpassing the highest pressure level for artificial cavern gas storage [1] - The performance indicators of the gas storage facility, including sealing and stability, reached international first-class levels, setting five world records for ultra-high pressure, ultra-tight sealing, ultra-high reliability, ultra-comprehensive perception, and ultra-high efficiency [1] Group 2: Project Development - The artificial cavern gas storage test platform features two super-large test caverns, with a maximum depth of 110 meters and a maximum test pressure of 20 MPa, showcasing the largest scale and pressure parameters globally [2] - The laboratory was established in December 2022 and is set to be operational by August 2024, overcoming global challenges related to safety and economic efficiency in high-pressure, multi-medium, long-cycle gas storage [2] Group 3: Technological Innovations - The project involved collaboration among multiple groups, successfully addressing various technical challenges, including composite sealing systems and high-pressure air state observation, achieving 100% independent intellectual property rights [2] - The innovative test expands the utilization space for deep underground resources under ultra-high pressure conditions, potentially paving the way for new energy storage paradigms, including hydrogen, helium, and oil and gas reserves [2]