Core Points - The recent Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee approved the "Suggestions on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development," outlining a strategic framework for the next five years [1] - Emphasis on accelerating high-level technological self-reliance and innovation as a key driver for new quality productivity [1][8] Group 1: Five-Year Plan Significance - The Five-Year Plan serves as a guiding star for long-term economic and social development, playing a crucial role in directing technological innovation and economic growth [2][3] - Experts highlight the importance of the Five-Year Plan in establishing long-term goals and directions for technological innovation, showcasing its continuity and innovative characteristics [2] Group 2: Technological Advancements - China's global innovation index ranking has improved from 34th in 2012 to 10th in 2025, with high-level international journal papers and patent applications leading the world for five consecutive years [3] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has positioned innovation-driven development at the core of national modernization, emphasizing original innovation and strengthening foundational research [5][6] Group 3: Future Outlook - The "15th Five-Year Plan" is seen as a critical period for achieving high-level technological self-reliance and building a strong technological nation, with a focus on artificial intelligence and addressing challenges such as population aging [7][8] - The plan aims to enhance the integration of technological and industrial innovation, fostering new quality productivity and supporting China's modernization efforts [7][8]

Core Insights - The intelligent hybrid bridge inspection vehicle control system, developed by a team from Wuhan University of Science and Technology and Wuhan Keda Electric Control Equipment Co., has successfully completed its first full-system power operation at the Yipan Expressway's Xinshi Jinsha River Grand Bridge, marking a significant breakthrough in intelligent bridge inspection technology [1][2]. Group 1: Technology and Innovation - The bridge inspection vehicle is the first of its kind in China, featuring a dual-direction hybrid power system that combines lithium iron phosphate battery power and diesel generator charging [1]. - The system integrates high-precision multi-sensors, advanced intelligent control, and machine learning algorithms to perform inspections, maintenance, and care for concrete main beams, bridge bottoms, and supports [1]. - The design includes a dual-sensor redundancy to ensure operational safety and enhance endurance through the hybrid power system [1]. Group 2: Operational Capabilities - The equipment supports 4G/5G remote monitoring and fault diagnosis, with a modular design that facilitates upgrades and maintenance, significantly improving the intelligence and reliability of bridge operation and maintenance [2]. - It possesses autonomous analysis and remote control capabilities, allowing for real-time monitoring of bridge structural health and timely identification of potential issues, providing a scientific basis for subsequent repairs [2]. - The successful operation of the system validates its reliability in real-world environments and lays the groundwork for future large-scale deployment [2].

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a scientific data system is crucial for enhancing China's technological independence, international competitiveness, and the development of new productive forces [1][2][3] Summary by Sections Importance of Scientific Data System Construction - Scientific data, created and collected by researchers during technological innovation, is unique and intersects with various data types, including personal and public data [2] - Accelerating the construction of a scientific data system is vital for enabling AI in scientific research and reshaping scientific discovery paradigms [2] - A robust scientific data system can safeguard national security by ensuring the autonomous control of critical scientific data [3] - It supports the construction of a strong technological nation by optimizing research funding and attracting top global talent [3] Current Issues in Scientific Data System Construction - There is a lack of systematic planning at the national level, leading to fragmented management and difficulties in cross-departmental coordination [4][5] - Data sharing is hindered by concerns over data control, security, and intellectual property, resulting in reluctance to share data [5] - The scientific data management lifecycle faces challenges, including insufficient data quality and a lack of sustainable sharing mechanisms [5] - There is a significant reliance on foreign software and a shortage of high-quality databases, with only 63 out of 3300 registered databases being led by China [6] Recommendations for Accelerating Scientific Data System Construction - Strengthening top-level design to redefine "scientific data" and coordinate resources across departments [7] - Exploring institutional innovations to redefine data ownership and improve incentives for researchers [8] - Constructing a layered governance system for scientific data, integrating national and local resources [8][9] - Expanding data applications to support the integration of technological and industrial innovation [9]

Core Insights - Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a biomimetic soft lens that automatically adjusts its focus based on ambient light intensity, showcasing the potential of light-driven soft materials in adaptive visual systems, autonomous soft robots, smart medical devices, and next-generation wearable technology [1][2] Group 1: Technology and Innovation - The device, named Photonic Responsive Hydrogel Soft Lens (PHySL), consists of a hydrogel embedded with light-absorbing graphene oxide, featuring a central micro-lens that changes curvature in response to light [1] - When exposed to light, graphene oxide absorbs energy, generating heat that causes the hydrogel to contract, stretching the central lens to increase pupil size and focal length; conversely, when light diminishes, the gel cools and returns to its original state, all without external power or mechanical components [1][2] - This design overcomes the limitations of traditional biomimetic optical systems that rely on electronic components or rigid motors, achieving true autonomous adjustment [1] Group 2: Applications and Performance - PHySL has been integrated into conventional bright-field microscopes, enabling high-resolution imaging of various biological samples, capturing intricate details such as the fine hairs on ant legs and the surface structures of pollen grains, with image quality comparable to standard microscope objectives [1] - The lens can automatically adjust focus under natural lighting conditions, making it suitable for dynamic imaging of multi-layer samples; when integrated into fiber imaging systems, it maintains clear focus on targets despite changes in illumination [2] - This innovation represents the latest advancement in the rapidly evolving field of light-driven soft materials, which convert light energy into mechanical deformation, with hydrogels, liquid crystal elastomers, and carbon-based composites being key research areas [2]

Core Points - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session approved the "Suggestions on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development," outlining a strategic framework for the next five years [1] - Emphasis on accelerating high-level technological self-reliance and innovation as a key driver for new quality productivity [1][18] - The 15th Five-Year Plan is seen as a critical period for achieving a high level of technological self-reliance and building a strong technological nation [16] Group 1: Five-Year Plan Significance - The Five-Year Plan serves as a guiding star for long-term economic and social development, playing a crucial role in directing national economic growth and technological innovation [4][10] - Experts highlight the importance of the Five-Year Plan in establishing long-term goals and directions for economic and technological development, showcasing its continuity and innovation [4][10] - The plan has historically facilitated significant advancements in China's technological capabilities, transitioning from a follower to a leader in various fields [6][10] Group 2: Technological Advancements - China's global innovation index ranking has improved from 34th in 2012 to 10th in 2025, with high-level international journal papers and patent applications leading the world for five consecutive years [6] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has positioned innovation-driven development at the core of national modernization, emphasizing original innovation and strengthening foundational research [10][12] - The plan has led to significant achievements in various sectors, including space exploration, electric vehicles, and deep-sea exploration, marking a period of remarkable technological progress [10][12] Group 3: Future Outlook - The 15th Five-Year Plan is expected to further enhance technological self-reliance and support the modernization of China through strategic innovation [15][16] - Experts stress the need for original innovation and the integration of technological and industrial innovation to meet new demands arising from demographic changes and economic transformation [16][18] - The upcoming five years are viewed as critical for seizing opportunities in the new technological revolution and enhancing national competitiveness in the global arena [16][18]

2000-2023 年东亚中部地区中国北方与蒙古国大规模沙尘事件起尘量及贡献率变化。受访单位供图 研究结果表明，21世纪初以来，大规模沙尘事件频率由每年约9次降至3次，起尘量年均减少约 0.173×106吨，区域整体沙尘活动显著减弱，但2020年至2023年事件次数增至年均5次，总起尘量由 5.70×106吨增至40.3×106吨，增长超过7倍。蒙古国的年均贡献率由21世纪初的43%上升至近年来的 53%，2022年达到年际峰值62%，在2023年4月的一次典型沙尘事件中达到64%，表明蒙古国南部戈壁沙 漠成为东亚中部大规模沙尘事件的主要起尘源区。 分析表明，风速对大规模沙尘事件起主导作用，贡献率46%，而植被覆盖度和土壤湿度对大规模沙 尘事件也分别起到一定作用，各占19%、9%。总体而言，自2020年以来，蒙古国南部风速增强、植被 退化与土壤湿度下降，是近期东亚沙尘事件频发和增强的主要原因。 东亚中部是世界重要的沙尘源区之一，大规模跨境沙尘事件不仅影响中国、蒙古国和日本等，还可 远至北美和欧洲。过去二十余年，我国沙尘活动总体呈下降趋势，但近年来频率和强度显著增加，引发 广泛关注。 中国科学院西北生态环境资源 ...

Core Viewpoint - The transition from a "mathematics powerhouse" to a "mathematics strong nation" in China hinges on cultivating top-tier local talent with original capabilities, as emphasized by renowned mathematician Shing-Tung Yau [3]. Group 1: Importance of Originality in Mathematics - The distinction between competitive mathematics (like Olympiads) and academic research is crucial; competitive math focuses on problem-solving techniques, while true academic inquiry requires independent thinking and addressing fundamental issues [4][7]. - A significant number of Chinese Olympiad winners have not transitioned into groundbreaking mathematicians, indicating a gap between competitive success and original research contributions [4][7]. Group 2: Educational Approaches - Current education in China overly emphasizes problem-solving skills at the expense of critical thinking and creativity, which are essential for producing innovative mathematicians [8][10]. - The approach to training should shift from rote problem-solving to fostering curiosity and independent exploration of mathematical concepts [10][12]. Group 3: Evaluation and Recognition - The existing evaluation system in China is criticized for being overly reliant on quantitative metrics, such as publication counts, rather than assessing the impact and originality of research [13][14]. - A more objective and fair evaluation mechanism is necessary to encourage researchers to tackle significant problems rather than conforming to conventional standards [13][15]. Group 4: Future Prospects and Events - Hosting the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in China would provide a platform for local scholars to showcase their work and gain international recognition, potentially leading to breakthroughs in the field [16][17]. - The anticipated achievements of young mathematicians, such as Wang Hong's work on the "three-dimensional hanging valley conjecture," highlight the potential for China to produce its first Fields Medalist from locally trained talent [17].

维克森林大学医学院研发的无芯片、无电池贴片，可直接贴附于皮肤，配合便携式阅读器实现皮肤癌早 期筛查。图片来源：维克森林大学医学院 美国维克森林大学医学院科学家研发出一款无电池的可穿戴贴片，能更早、更精准地筛查皮肤癌。 相关成果发表于新一期《生物医学创新》杂志。 皮肤癌，尤其是黑色素瘤，是最危险的癌症类型之一。早期发现对治疗至关重要，但目前主要依赖 医生目视检查，这种方式主观性强，容易遗漏早期病变。更精密的诊断手段，如活检和影像学检查，通 常只在专业医疗机构才能开展。 为此，研究团队设计出一款柔性、无需芯片与电池的贴片，可直接贴附于皮肤表面，配合便携式阅 读器无线操作。 这款新型贴片能以无创方式测量皮肤病变处的电特性，即"生物阻抗"。生物阻抗反映了电信号在活 体组织中传导的顺畅程度。癌变区域的电特性往往异于健康皮肤，通过测量生物阻抗，贴片可识别出需 要进一步医学评估的异常区域。标准统计方法已证实，健康皮肤与异常皮肤之间存在显著差异。 研究表明，无论肤色深浅，该贴片都能清晰区分健康皮肤与可疑斑点，并能从痣或病变中捕捉到独 特的电信号。 与主观性较强的目视检查不同，该贴片能提供客观的数字数据，从而减少不必要的活检， ...

Core Insights - The report highlights the continuous growth of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China, with total assets reaching 401.7 trillion yuan by the end of 2024, and an average annual increase of 8.6% in R&D expenditure over the past five years [1][2] Group 1: Financial Performance - SOEs have achieved an average annual revenue growth of 6.0% over the past five years, indicating effective enhancement in operational efficiency and reasonable growth in scale [1] Group 2: Technological Innovation - SOEs have made significant advancements in high-end technologies, contributing to national security and achieving breakthroughs in major projects such as the manned space station and lunar exploration [2] - The report emphasizes the importance of fostering a modern industrial system and accelerating the transformation of traditional industries while promoting strategic emerging industries [2] Group 3: Structural Optimization - The government is focused on optimizing the layout and structure of the state-owned economy, including strategic restructuring of central enterprises and integration of local SOEs based on business segments [1][2] - There is a commitment to enhancing the management and operational mechanisms of technology, improving talent evaluation systems, and empowering scientific achievements [2]

Core Insights - An international team, including researchers from Penn State University, has discovered a new exoplanet named GJ 251 c, located less than 20 light-years from Earth, which is classified as a "super-Earth" [1][2] - GJ 251 c orbits a red dwarf star, GJ 251, situated 18.2 light-years away, and has a mass nearly four times that of Earth, suggesting it is likely a rocky planet [1] - The discovery was made possible through 20 years of observational data, focusing on the star's minute "wobble" caused by the planet's gravitational influence [1] Discovery Process - The confirmation of GJ 251 c involved complex processes to filter out noise from the star's surface activity, utilizing data modeling and signal analysis techniques to ensure the detected signals originated from the planet [2] - Although GJ 251 c cannot be directly imaged yet, future ground-based telescopes and planned giant space telescopes are expected to analyze its atmosphere for signs of life [2] Significance of Super-Earths - Super-Earths, like GJ 251 c, are located in the "habitable zone" of their stars, where conditions may allow for stable liquid water, which is essential for life [3] - These planets are considered prime candidates for the search for extraterrestrial life and may also serve as potential future habitats for humanity [3]