天山胜利隧道全长22.13公里，是目前世界最长高速公路隧道。 世界最长高速公路隧道——天山胜利隧道及其所在的G0711新疆乌鲁木齐至尉犁高速公路（简称"乌尉 高速"）即将实现全线通车。届时，天山以北的乌鲁木齐至天山以南的库尔勒的通行时间将从7小时缩短 至3小时左右。 ...

"若本次作业采用传统方式进行电力线路跨越施工，则需搭建大型跨越架并实施线路停电措施。这种方 式不仅成本高、周期长且受地形条件制约，还会对用户正常供电造成影响。"河南送变电建设公司项目 经理、此次施工负责人王奕博介绍。 责任编辑：闫弘旭 据了解，"永临结合"专用横担封网技术，是在施工时于铁塔上加装可拆卸的辅助横担来悬挂承力索，施 工完成后再将其拆除以恢复塔身原貌。该技术能同时兼顾施工临时需求与供电运行安全，有效解决了架 空输电线路交叉跨越施工的综合性难题。重载无人机联吊展放承力索技术是通过两台八旋翼无人机协同 提吊牵引承力索，进而由绞磨机精细调节其弧垂，以完成线路跨越施工。该技术能确保作业全程线路与 被跨越物保持安全距离，提升了施工的效率与安全性。 记者12月25日获悉，国网河南电力近日在许昌南500千伏输变电工程线路跨越施工现场成功应用两项创 新技术——"永临结合"专用横担封网技术与重载无人机联吊展放承力索技术，成功破解线路重大跨越施 工中占地面积大、作业风险高、停电时间长三大难题，为全国复杂工况下电网建设提供"河南样板"。 "经严格仿真校核，这两项新技术具有占地小、可靠性高、经济性好的突出优势，能够将封网时 ...

Core Insights - The research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has uncovered the genetic mechanisms behind barley seed dormancy, which is crucial for developing resilient crops and ensuring global food security [1][2] - The study highlights the dual regulatory mechanism of the MKK3 gene, which controls the dormancy period of barley seeds, impacting agricultural practices and crop yields [1] Group 1: Research Findings - Seed dormancy is defined as the biological characteristic where seeds do not germinate despite suitable conditions, which can lead to either premature germination or delayed planting [1] - The MKK3 gene regulates seed dormancy through a combination of gene copy number and kinase activity, where increased gene copies and stronger kinase activity correlate with reduced dormancy [1] Group 2: Global Implications - Analysis of over 1,000 barley seed samples revealed that different regions have selected various MKK3 gene types based on climate and agricultural needs, such as low-activity types in East Asia for resistance to ear germination and weak dormancy types in Northern Europe for brewing quality [2] - The findings provide actionable molecular modules for breeding resilient crops, allowing for fine-tuning of seed dormancy through genetic modifications, which is essential for sustainable agriculture under changing global climate conditions [2]

12月6日，中国科学院东莞材料科学与技术研究所（以下简称"东莞材料所"）正式揭牌成立，大湾区大 学同日官宣设立。这不仅是东莞参与粤港澳大湾区国际科技创新中心建设的标志性事件，也意味着东莞 在"基础研究+技术攻关+成果转化+人才支撑"全链条创新体系上迈出关键一步，为湾区发展新质生产力 注入强劲动能。 一方面，大科学装置集群形成"科研灯塔"效应。坐落于东莞松山湖的中国散裂中子源已投入运行，南方 先进光源、先进阿秒激光等设施也在加快推进。这些"国之重器"为材料科学研究提供了先进手段，能为 研究所"精准喂料"，加速从微观结构到宏观性能的科学发现。 另一方面，东莞雄厚的产业基础提供"应用沃土"。广东新材料产业集群规模已超2万亿元，研究所聚焦 的信息材料、能源材料、功能陶瓷与金属材料等方向，与东莞乃至广东占据优势的新一代电子信息、新 能源、高端装备等产业高度契合。这种"科研—产业"的紧密耦合，使得研究所不仅能致力于成为原始创 新策源地，更有望快速成为产业技术辐射源，推动"一代材料、一代技术、一代产业"的良性循环，为广 东打造更具国际竞争力的现代化产业体系提供核心材料支撑。 打造湾区"人才引擎"与"创新支点" 同日成立的大 ...

Core Viewpoint - The collaboration between MIT and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute has successfully synthesized the natural fungal molecule "Pseudopterosin A" for the first time in a laboratory setting, which has significant anticancer potential and could pave the way for new drug development pathways [1][2]. Group 1 - The research team achieved the total synthesis of Pseudopterosin A, which was first discovered over 50 years ago, and designed various new derivatives based on it [1]. - Initial tests indicate that some derivatives exhibit strong antitumor activity against a rare pediatric brain cancer, diffuse midline glioma [2]. - The synthesis of Pseudopterosin A was challenging due to its complex structure, which includes two additional oxygen atoms compared to a similar compound synthesized in 2009, leading to decreased molecular stability [1]. Group 2 - The team developed multiple variants of Pseudopterosin A, with one derivative showing significant inhibitory effects on diffuse midline glioma cells in laboratory cell experiments [2]. - Further research is required to evaluate the clinical application potential of these derivatives [2].

12月24日，记者获悉，杭州师范大学郭瑞庭教授团队与湖北大学合作的一项突破性研究成果，日前在国 际期刊《美国化学会催化学报》上发表。他们成功对一种名为AetF的天然卤化酶进行理性设计，获得能 够按照指令、在色氨酸分子特定位置进行单次卤化或混合卤化的新型酶突变体，并首次实现了"一锅 法"高效合成具有重要应用价值的混合卤化色氨酸，为复杂卤化分子的绿色生物制造提供了全新的范 式。 卤素，如氯、溴、碘，在自然界和人们的生活中无处不在。在药物分子中巧妙地引入卤素原子，常常能 显著改变其生物活性，从而优化药物的疗效和性质。 然而，传统的化学卤化方法往往依赖于有毒试剂和苛刻的反应条件，不仅不够环保，也难以精确控制反 应位点，容易产生不必要的副产物。面对这些问题，科学家们将目光投向了自然界中的卤化酶。 来源于蓝细菌的AetF，与许多需要"帮手"才能工作的双组分卤化酶不同，是一种将卤化与还原两种功能 集于一身的单组分卤化酶，其结构更为精简。然而，天然的AetF有其固定的工作模式：在催化色氨酸卤 化时，它会严格遵循"先在第5位（C5位）、再在第7位（C7位）"的顺序进行"流水线作业"，最终生成 5,7-二卤化色氨酸。这种固化的工 ...

Core Insights - A collaborative team from MIT, the University of Michigan, and Northeastern University has introduced a geometric deep learning model named "MultiCell," which predicts cellular behavior during fruit fly embryonic development at single-cell resolution [1][2] - The model utilizes four-dimensional whole-embryo data with sub-micron resolution and high frame rates, containing approximately 5,000 labeled cell boundaries and nuclei [1] - "MultiCell" is the first algorithm capable of predicting various cellular behaviors with single-cell precision during multicellular self-assembly, showing potential for early diagnosis and drug screening [2] Group 1 - The "MultiCell" model can predict the behavior changes of each cell every minute during the embryonic development process [1] - The model achieved about 90% accuracy in predicting cell connection loss and demonstrated high accuracy in predicting cell invagination, division, or rearrangement behaviors [2] - The method is compared to AlphaFold, which predicts protein structures from amino acid sequences, highlighting the complexity of embryonic development compared to protein folding [1] Group 2 - The model was trained on three embryonic videos and then applied to predict the evolution of a fourth new embryo [2] - Future enhancements may include integrating gene expression and protein localization data to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the interaction between physical and biological information [2] - The development of a universal multicellular developmental prediction model could lead to the creation of "digital embryos" for drug screening and guiding artificial tissue design [1]

这条禁令看起来对世界各国一视同仁，实际上主要针对中国。据统计，中国占据了全球民用无人机70% 到80%的市场份额，美国消费市场上90%、工业市场上70%的无人机产自中国，主要来自大疆。除整机 外，电机、电池、传感器等全球民用无人机零部件的最主要产地也是中国。英国皇家联合军种国防研究 所估计，中国供应了全球民用中小型无人机市场80%的整机和零部件。美国有线电视新闻网评论称， FCC此项决定，标志着"美国多年来打击中国无人机的努力达到了顶峰"。 所谓"国家安全风险"，只是美国为封禁中国新型无人机产品找的一个借口。多年来，以大疆为代表的中 国无人机产品已经通过全球多家权威机构的安全性检测。2018年，美国基伍咨询公司测试发现，大疆用 户的数据隐私受到了保护。2019年，美国内务部对大疆政府版无人机进行了15个月的测试，最终肯定了 大疆的数据安全方案。2020年，博思艾伦咨询公司测试了多款大疆政府版和企业版无人机，结果也表明 其数据是安全的。同年，FTI咨询公司对大疆软硬件进行了网络安全审查，也没有发现问题。2022年， 德国南德意志集团测试多款大疆无人机，发现其具备全面的安全功能，符合美国和欧盟的网络安全标 准。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The oral version of semaglutide, a "star drug" for weight loss, has been approved by the U.S. FDA, following the approval of its injectable form as the world's first GLP-1 class weight loss medication, sparking public interest in convenient weight loss solutions [1] Group 1: Mechanism of Action - GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) regulates insulin and glucagon secretion based on blood sugar levels, and semaglutide is a similar compound that activates receptors in various cells to promote insulin secretion, suppress glucagon, and delay gastric emptying, thereby reducing appetite [2] - The core mechanism of semaglutide for weight loss is not fat burning but rather activating neural circuits related to satiety in the hypothalamus and brainstem, leading to reduced hunger and delayed feelings of hunger after meals [2] Group 2: Drug Comparison and Usage - The oral and injectable forms of semaglutide share the same active ingredients and mechanisms, with the oral form being more convenient but requiring higher doses due to lower bioavailability [3] - Current weight loss prescription drugs in China primarily consist of GLP-1 class medications, with BMI (Body Mass Index) being a key criterion for usage; individuals with a BMI of 28 or higher, or 24 with obesity-related complications, may be prescribed these medications [4] - Other weight loss medications include orlistat, which is the only over-the-counter option, but it has poor tolerance and more side effects; new generation dual-target and triple-target weight loss drugs are under development [4] Group 3: Risks of Misuse - The convenience of the oral version raises concerns about potential drug misuse, particularly among individuals not meeting the criteria for its use, which could lead to negative health outcomes such as muscle loss, nutritional deficiencies, and increased risks of gallstones and thyroid tumors [5] - Lifestyle interventions remain essential for effective weight management, and the public should not rely solely on medications for rapid weight loss, as there is a risk of rebound weight gain after discontinuation [6]

据介绍，"储诺"超高温热泵储能技术循环效率无衰减，在不同负荷下效率稳定。同时，储能技术参数优 势明显，储热高温560℃以上，低温可达-60℃，储能密度可达每立方米80—120千瓦时，远超常规压缩 空气储能，同等空间下储能容量可提升10倍以上。该技术应用场景广泛，可实现高品质冷热电联供，耦 合新能源大基地、煤电、核电、高耗能等产业，提升绿电比例，满足运行灵活性及节能减排需求。 在"双碳"目标驱动下，长时储能已从"可选项"变为能源转型的"必选项"，推动长时储能技术的创新与应 用刻不容缓。热泵储能技术在构建新型电力系统、保障电力系统安全稳定运行等方面将发挥重要作用， 是未来规模化长时储能的中坚力量。 （文章来源：科技日报） 25日，国家电投集团在北京正式发布全球首套超高温热泵储能技术——"储诺"。相较于传统储能技 术，"储诺"超高温热泵储能技术布置灵活度高，无需依赖特定地理条件，无论是平原电站还是山地产业 园均可快速部署。 热泵储能也被称作卡诺电池。其结合热泵循环与热机循环，可实现电能与热能之间的高效双向转换。该 技术具有储能密度高、容量成本低、储能效率高，且可实现高品质冷热电联供等优势。 ...