为验证其实用性，团队利用MetaGraph扫描了24万多个人类肠道微生物组样本，搜寻抗生素耐药性的遗 传标记。仅用一台高性能计算机，约一小时便得出结果，展现出强大的分析效率。 法国巴斯德研究所生物计算专家拉扬·希基评价称，这是一项"重大突破"，为分析DNA、RNA及蛋白质 序列等原始生物学数据设立了新标准。 （文章来源：科技日报） MetaGraph的核心突破在于采用数学中的"图结构"，将相互重叠的DNA片段智能联结。其原理类似于图 书索引中将含有相同关键词的句子关联起来，形成知识网络。研究团队整合了7个公共资助数据库，构 建出一个跨越病毒、细菌、真菌、植物、动物乃至人类的生命全谱系索引。该索引共涵盖1880万个独特 的DNA与RNA序列集，以及2100亿个氨基酸序列集。 基于这一庞大索引，团队开发出了可直接通过文本提示检索原始数据档案的搜索引擎。团队表示，这是 一种与生物学数据交互的全新方式——数据被高度压缩，却可随时调取。MetaGraph使研究人员能直接 对"序列读取档案"（SRA）等存储库提出生物学问题，该数据库本身包含超过1亿个DNA字母。 瑞士苏黎世联邦理工学院科学家在最新一期《自然》杂志上发表论 ...

欧盟委员会农业与农村发展总司司长亨利·德朗赫介绍，中欧早在2013年已开启农业科技合作，如今双 方合作正迈向可持续农业发展领域，在推动粮食安全、提升双方农业产量、增强农民能力等方面发挥重 要的作用。他相信本项目合作不仅能催生新产业、创造新知识，还能吸引更多国家科技人员参与，并深 化中国—欧盟双方合作。 为保障项目顺利实施，中欧双方项目负责人签署项目深化合作协议，以进一步落实协同创新网络建设； 举行咨询专家聘任仪式，组建由农业、环境、经济、政策等领域13人组成的多学科专家组，为项目提供 全周期、全方位指导；启动会后，特邀报告、双边研讨会、青年专题研讨会等交流环节集中展示了双方 在农业领域最新合作进展。 截至目前，中国已与大多数欧洲国家签署科技合作协议，并建立科技合作联委会机制，围绕农业可持续 发展、数字经济、人工智能等热点领域，支持双方创新主体开展形式多样的合作。截至今年9月，中国 已与欧盟及欧洲国家签署46个政府间科技合作协定，并与欧盟及29个欧洲国家建立了联合资助机制，促 进中欧科研人员交流，取得许多重要成果。 （文章来源：科技日报） 10日，"农民和农村新的可持续商业和生产模式"项目在福建厦门启动。作为中 ...

随着芯片尺寸不断缩小、能耗要求持续降低，如何在纳米尺度上精确控制光的传播，已成为发展下一代 信息技术的核心瓶颈。"作为一种由光与材料耦合形成的特殊电磁波，极化激元能将光能量高度压缩在 纳米尺度，是实现超小型光子器件的关键利器。"论文共同通讯作者、上海交通大学教授戴庆告诉记 者。 在各种极化激元形态中，高阶双曲声子极化激元约束光场的能力比普通极化激元更强，尤其适合制造更 紧凑的纳米器件。但它的"激发门槛"极高，传统方法难以实现高阶极化激元的有效激发和操控。 我国科学家在纳米尺度光操控领域取得重要进展。记者10日获悉，来自上海交通大学、国家纳米科学中 心等单位的科研人员，成功实现芯片上纳米光信号的高效激发与路径分离，为开发更小、更快、能耗更 低的下一代光子芯片奠定了坚实基础。相关研究成果发表于《自然·光子学》杂志。 为解决这一难题，科研人员提出了"两步走"激发策略：第一步，用特制金属天线将普通激光转换成一种 基础模式的纳米光波；第二步，让这种光波经过一个极其平整的黄金边界，通过散射巧妙地将其"转 换"成所需的高阶光波。 "利用这种方法，我们不仅在室温下实现了高阶光波的长距离、低损耗传输，还通过精巧的结构设计， 像 ...

Core Insights - The rapid advancement of AI large models in China has led to significant transformations across various industries, with the country contributing over 40% of the global total of 3,755 large models [1][2] - China's AI large models are now at the forefront of global development, with parameters reaching hundreds of billions and some models achieving international leadership in performance [2][3] - The application of large models is expanding rapidly, with over 3.1 billion registered personal users and 159 million API calls, indicating a robust growth in AI application usage [4][5] Technological Innovation - The development of AI large models has been propelled by breakthroughs in computing power, algorithms, and data, establishing them as a key driver of AI advancement [2] - China's AI large model DeepSeek-R1 has gained international recognition, showcasing the country's innovative capabilities in the AI field [2] - Domestic AI computing chips are emerging rapidly, enhancing the performance and ecosystem necessary for large model development [2][3] Data Supply and Open Source Development - The supply of high-quality Chinese training data is improving, with over 60% of models utilizing Chinese data, and some reaching 80% [3] - Daily token consumption in China has surged from 100 billion to over 30 trillion, reflecting the rapid growth of AI applications [3] - The open-source approach adopted by many domestic large models is fostering a shared ecosystem and contributing to global open-source development [3] Application Scenarios - Large models are being integrated into various sectors, including education, finance, and healthcare, demonstrating their versatility and effectiveness [4][5] - In education, AI virtual teachers powered by large models are providing personalized feedback to students, enhancing learning experiences [4] - The steel industry is leveraging large models for intelligent scheduling, significantly improving operational efficiency [5] Economic and Social Impact - The integration of large models into economic and social development is transforming production and lifestyle, creating new business models and opportunities [5] - As China's innovation capabilities in AI continue to grow, the penetration of large models into everyday life is expected to increase, driving intelligent development across the economy [5]

科技日报记者 金凤 4台机器人挥舞"手臂"，配合多种仪器，将螺母套、轴承、卡簧等零部件逐个安装在车门上。不一会儿 工夫，两扇区间车车门下线……近日，走进南京康尼机电股份有限公司（以下简称"康尼机电"）轨道总 部车门智能制造车间后，这番智造场景映入记者眼帘。从去年至今，康尼机电的区间车车门已经远销意 大利、波兰等国。 2024年，康尼机电出口业务新签订单累计金额为10.11亿元，较上年同期增长50.90%，这些面向欧洲市 场的区间车车门立下"头功"。 "我们自主设计的区间车双开门，仅用一个电机就可以驱动两扇门的开合，能降低百万公里故障数，还 有更强的气密性，能将车外噪声降低34分贝。"康尼机电总裁助理兼轨道总部总经理刘落明这番话的背 后，是康尼机电20多年间在科技创新方面的久久为功。 多年的技术积累，让康尼机电设计的中国标准动车组车门随雅万高铁、中老铁路等共建"一带一路"项目 走向全球，成为国际技术体系中的重要一环。而康尼机电打造的"中国门"，也收获了越来越多的国际伙 伴。 9月17日，康尼机电与澳大利亚亚赛科公司正式签署合作谅解备忘录。参与签约仪式的澳大利亚维多利 亚州州长杰辛塔·艾伦指出："中国是全球制造业 ...

近期，入选"洛阳市装备制造业十大标志性高端装备"的好消息传到了中色科技股份有限公司（以下简 称"中色科技"）。他们研发的2300mm（毫米）单机架六辊铝带冷轧机组，结束了国外公司在超薄罐料 板带箔关键装备及轧制工艺技术上的长期垄断，成为打破易拉罐料设备依赖进口局面的"争气机"。 缩小代级差距 小小易拉罐，其材料究竟藏着什么玄机？首先，它超薄，厚度仅相当于两张白纸；其次，它强韧，能够 承受饮料内压、运输堆叠及高速灌装冲击等多种压力；再者，它平整，每生产1000米长的产品，起伏度 要小于1毫米。 六辊轧机是生产易拉罐料的关键设备，还可以生产多种高附加值的铝合金。然而长期以来，六辊轧机完 全依赖进口，成为铝轧机设计行业的"心头之痛"。20年前，有几家铝加工龙头企业花重金从国外引进最 先进的六辊冷轧机，试图寻求突破。当时，我国在铝加工领域虽已取得很大进展，但还只限于四辊轧机 范畴，在代表更高水平的六辊轧机领域，与国际顶尖行列存在"代级差距"。"板形不好，厚差控制不 稳，根本生产不出合格的易拉罐料。"中色科技装备公司副总经理郭坤龙道出了当时的困境。 作为有色金属加工装备研发的"国家队"，中色科技挑起了这一装备国产化的担 ...

Core Insights - A recent study presented at UEG Week 2025 indicates that microplastics alter the human gut microbiome, with changes resembling patterns associated with depression and colorectal cancer [1][2] - This research is among the first to directly examine how different types of microplastics interact with the human gut microbiome [1] Summary by Sections Study Methodology - The study utilized fecal samples from five healthy volunteers for in vitro gut microbiome cultivation, exposing these cultures to five common types of microplastics: polystyrene, polypropylene, low-density polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polyethylene terephthalate [1] - Concentrations of microplastics reflected estimated human exposure levels, with higher doses used to investigate potential dose-dependent effects [1] Findings on Bacterial Composition - While total bacterial cell counts and viable bacterial cell counts remained largely unchanged, the acidity of the microplastic-treated cultures significantly increased compared to the control group, indicating altered microbial metabolic activity [1] - Specific changes in bacterial composition were observed, with certain bacterial populations increasing or decreasing depending on the type of microplastic, particularly within the phylum Firmicutes, which is crucial for digestion and overall gut health [1] Chemical Changes and Disease Implications - Changes in the chemical substances produced by bacteria accompanied the shifts in bacterial composition, with some correlating with the observed increase in acidity [2] - Certain types of microplastics altered levels of pentanoic acid and 5-aminopentanoic acid, while others affected lysine or lactic acid, highlighting the complexity of microplastic-microbiome interactions [2] - Notably, some of the microbially induced changes reflect patterns previously associated with diseases such as depression and colorectal cancer, underscoring the potential health risks linked to microplastic exposure [2]

Core Viewpoint - The collection of the "source fire" from deep sea represents a groundbreaking achievement in the history of large-scale sports events, showcasing China's technological innovation in deep-sea exploration and clean energy [1][3]. Group 1: Event Overview - The 15th National Games and the 12th National Paralympic Games, along with the 9th Special Olympics, held a "source fire" collection ceremony in Guangzhou, utilizing the "Haimar" deep-sea remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to collect combustible ice from a depth of 1522 meters in the South China Sea [1][2]. - The event aims to reflect the themes of "green, shared, open, and clean" while highlighting the innovative elements and cultural strength of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area [2]. Group 2: Technological Breakthroughs - The "Haimar" ROV successfully collected and ignited combustible ice, overcoming significant technical challenges such as high water pressure, low temperatures, and the dark environment of the deep sea [4][5]. - The project involved the development of key technologies, including deep-sea pressure resistance, gas flow control, and combustion environment maintenance, enabling the successful ignition of combustible ice at depths exceeding 1500 meters [4][5]. Group 3: Significance and Future Implications - The successful collection of the "source fire" not only sets a new record in sports history but also demonstrates advancements in China's deep-sea technology and clean energy exploration [5]. - The event serves as a testament to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area's progress in high-end marine equipment manufacturing and deep-sea exploration [5].

Core Insights - A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, has developed an anion regulation technology that creates a new interface between the electrode and electrolyte, overcoming a major bottleneck in the practical application of all-solid-state batteries [1] - All-solid-state lithium batteries are considered the "holy grail" of next-generation energy storage technology, but have faced challenges due to the need for tight contact between solid electrolytes and lithium electrodes, traditionally requiring heavy external pressure [1] - The research identified that the contact between lithium electrodes and electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries is suboptimal, with numerous micro-pores and cracks that can shorten battery life and pose safety risks [1] Technology Development - The new technology involves introducing iodine ions into the sulfide electrolyte, which migrate to the electrode interface under electric field influence, forming an iodine-rich interface that actively attracts lithium ions [1] - This interface acts like a "self-repairing" mechanism, automatically filling gaps and pores to maintain tight contact between the electrode and electrolyte [1] Performance Results - Prototype batteries made using this technology have shown stable and superior performance after hundreds of charge-discharge cycles under standard testing conditions, significantly exceeding the performance levels of existing similar batteries [2]

Core Insights - A recent study from the University of Surrey indicates that the cost of solar power has reached a historic low, with prices as low as £0.02 per kilowatt-hour in sunny countries, making it more economical than coal, natural gas, and even wind energy [1] - The research highlights that solar photovoltaic technology is becoming a key driver in the global transition to clean energy, with solar power emerging as the most cost-effective option for large-scale electricity generation even in countries like the UK [1] - The global installed solar capacity is projected to exceed 1.5 terawatts in 2024, doubling from 2020 levels, which is sufficient to meet the electricity needs of millions of households [1] Cost Competitiveness - Since 2010, the price of lithium-ion batteries has decreased by 89%, enhancing the cost competitiveness of "solar + storage" systems, which are now comparable to natural gas power generation [1] - The combination of photovoltaic panels and batteries has become a standard configuration in many regions, allowing for the storage of excess energy and its release on demand, thus transforming solar energy into a stable and controllable power source [1] Challenges and Innovations - Integrating the growing solar power into existing grids is currently the biggest challenge, with smart grids, AI forecasting, and regional grid interconnections being crucial for maintaining system stability [2] - The deep integration of storage technology with smart grids is enabling solar energy to achieve reliable, economical, and clean large-scale supply [2] - Innovations in materials, such as perovskite solar cells, are expected to enhance generation efficiency by 50% without requiring additional land [2] Policy Support - The sustainable development of the solar sector relies on long-term policy support, with clear policy directions effectively stimulating investment and innovation [2] - Accelerating the global energy system's green transition requires ongoing investment and international cooperation [2]