中原证券认为，周一，A股市场震荡走强，盘中酿酒、有色金属、通信设备以及航天航空等行业表现较 好；电子化学品、汽车、美容护理以及公用事业等行业表现较弱。居民储蓄正在加速向资本市场转移， 形成持续的增量资金来源。2025年A股上市公司整体盈利增速预期由负转正，结束此前连续四年的下滑 趋势，其中科技创新领域盈利弹性最为显著。美联储释放降息信号，全球流动性预期宽松，美元走弱利 于外资回流A股。中长期来看，居民储蓄转移、政策红利释放及盈利周期回升三大动力依然稳固，中期 慢涨格局有望延续。预计短期市场以稳步震荡上行为主，仍需密切关注政策面、资金面以及外盘的变化 情况。 中信建投认为，从市场流动性、资产定价差异和交易活跃度等多个维度对A股市场情绪进行刻画，当前 A股市场情绪处于历史较高水平。流动性、成份股扩散、波动率和成份股一致性为四个比较低频的交易 拥挤度指标，当前化工、建材、轻工制造、机械、国防军工、汽车、家电、纺织服装、非银行金融、电 子、通信、计算机和传媒行业处于触发拥挤指标阈值的状态(流动性、成份股扩散)，当前较多行业处于 持续拥挤状态(流动性、成份股扩散)。当四个低频拥挤度触发信号偏多和提示的拥挤行业偏多时，市 ...

证 券 研 究 报 告 杠杆、南向资金持续放量 ——流动性&交易拥挤度&投资者温度计周报 2025年8月12日 证券分析师：姚佩 执业编号：S0360522120004 邮箱：yaopei@hcyjs.com 联系人：朱冬墨 邮箱：zhudongmo@hcyjs.com 本报告由华创证券有限责任公司编制 卖的出价或询价。本报告所载信息均为个人观点，并不构成对所涉及证券的个人投资建议。 请仔细阅读PPT后部分的分析师声明及免责声明。 @2021 华创 版权所有 核心结论 证 券 研 究 报 告 • 资金流动性： 位，净流入规模小幅下降。 证监会审核华创证券投资咨询业务资格批文号：证监许可（2009）1210 号 2 1）资金供给端扩张，杠杆资金净流入持续高位，ETF净申购回暖； 2）资金需求端南向资金近三月连续周均百亿以上净流入，累计净流入超2700亿。 • 交易拥挤度：以过去四周成交额占比/市值占比（较全A）作为衡量主题行业交易热度的表征指标来看，本周热度 分位（下同）上行行业主要为：军工+16pct至85%、机械+7pct至91%、半导体+5pct至9%；下行行业主要为： 光伏-24pct至33%、轻工-2 ...

Group 1: Capital Flow and Liquidity - Southbound funds have seen a cumulative net inflow of over 250 billion yuan in the past three months, with weekly net inflows exceeding 10 billion yuan[14] - Retail investors contributed a net inflow of 134.86 billion yuan in the last week, marking a 22.5 billion yuan increase from the previous value, maintaining a high level at the 76.4 percentile over the past five years[8] - Leverage funds continue to flow in at high levels, with net inflows of approximately 322.8 billion yuan last week, although this is a decrease from the previous week's 446.1 billion yuan[30] Group 2: Market Trends and Investor Sentiment - The Shanghai Composite Index experienced its first decline after five consecutive weeks of increases, indicating a potential shift in market sentiment[8] - The trading heat for the machinery sector increased by 29 percentage points to 86%, while the construction sector rose by 24 percentage points to 72%[9] - The search interest in A-shares has declined, reflecting a cooling investor sentiment despite high net inflows from retail investors[8] Group 3: ETF and Fund Performance - The net subscription for stock ETFs dropped significantly to -38.13 billion yuan, a stark contrast to the previous net inflow of -5.3 billion yuan, placing it at the 1.9 percentile over the past three years[42] - The issuance of new public equity funds decreased to 9.21 billion yuan, which is at the 46 percentile over the past three years, indicating a contraction in new fund launches[50] - The total amount of share buybacks increased to 3.6 billion yuan, up from 1.85 billion yuan, reflecting a strong buyback trend at the 78 percentile over the past three years[46]

Group 1: Fund Liquidity - Southbound funds have seen a cumulative net inflow of over 250 billion CNY in the past three months, with weekly net inflows exceeding 10 billion CNY[5] - Leverage funds continue to see high net inflows, with net inflow of 322.8 billion CNY last week, maintaining a high level at the 93rd percentile over the past three years[11] - Stock-type ETFs experienced a significant net outflow of 381.3 billion CNY, placing it at the 1.9th percentile over the past three years[18] Group 2: Trading Congestion - The trading heat for the machinery sector increased by 29 percentage points to 86%, while the construction sector rose by 24 percentage points to 72%[52] - The insurance sector's trading heat increased by 13 percentage points to 28%, whereas the light industry, photovoltaic, and military industries saw declines of 18, 17, and 16 percentage points, respectively[52] Group 3: Investor Sentiment - The A-share market saw a decline after five consecutive weeks of increases, with a drop in overall search heat for A-shares on social media[65] - Retail investor net inflow in the A-share market was 134.9 billion CNY last week, maintaining a high level at the 76.4th percentile over the past five years[2]

Group 1: Liquidity and Fund Flow - The supply side of funds is expanding, with net inflows of leveraged funds remaining high, and the issuance of equity public funds returning to high levels, with 172 billion units newly established[6] - Southbound funds have maintained a weekly average net inflow of over 10 billion for ten consecutive weeks, with a cumulative net inflow of nearly 200 billion[6] - The net inflow of margin financing last week was approximately 446.1 billion, marking a 97% percentile over the past three years, and the total margin financing balance reached 1.93 trillion[13] Group 2: Trading Activity and Market Sentiment - The trading heat for the mechanical industry increased by 55 percentage points to 67%, while the banking sector decreased by 20 percentage points to 51%[2] - Retail investor net inflow in the A-share market reached 132.6 billion, an increase of 539.8 billion from the previous value, marking a new high since April this year[2] - The Shanghai Composite Index reached a year-to-date high of 3600 points on July 23, driving an increase in A-share search heat on platforms like Kuaishou and Douyin[2] Group 3: Sector Performance - The net inflow for the pharmaceutical sector was 48.5 billion, while the petrochemical sector saw a net outflow of 8.0 billion[22] - The net inflow for the non-ferrous metals sector was 45.4 billion, and the machinery sector recorded a net inflow of 38.7 billion[22] - The stock-type ETF experienced a net outflow of 60 billion, which is at the 20.5% percentile over the past three years[23]

证券研究报告 | 金融工程 gszqdatemark 2025 07 22 年 月 日 量化点评报告 ② 低赔率并非无法接受，但是需要有高胜率支撑。事实上市场经常是有 效的，资产往往就是在"低赔率-高胜率"和"高赔率-低胜率"两种状态 中流转，比如 2024 年债券便处于"低赔率-高胜率"状态，并不影响其优 异的表现，低赔率并非无法接受，但是需要有高胜率支撑。近期中长贷同 比见底回升、PMI 超预期上行以及中国主权 CDS 持续下行等信号隐含了 较强的经济韧性，最新债券胜率已经降至 0%，长债胜率优势已明显减弱。 ③ 短期动量模型不看好长债。赔率-胜率框架更适用于季度层面的判断， 但近几年固收投资者更关心的是短期（1 个月）的涨跌能否进行预测。在 专题报告《利率曲线的政策定价与久期择时策略》中我们总结了利率短期 运行的三个基本特征：围绕利率中枢的均值回复、1 个月的短期动量和 12 个月的长期动量，并基于此构建了月度利率预测模型。当前模型认为未来 一个月 10Y 国债将有一定的回调压力，模型建议配置 1Y 国债进行防御。 ④ 交易热度监控：换手率和成交占比。使用长债换手率（10 年以上国债 成交额/余额）与成 ...

Liquidity and Fund Flow - Leverage funds continue to see net inflows, reaching a new high since late February, with net inflow of 268 billion CNY last week, placing it in the 90th percentile over the past three years[13] - Southbound funds maintained an average weekly net inflow exceeding 10 billion CNY for nine consecutive weeks, totaling nearly 1700 billion CNY[6] - IPO financing surged to 181.7 billion CNY, representing the 71st percentile over the past three years[26] Trading Congestion - The trading heat for the photovoltaic sector increased by 32 percentage points to 71%, while real estate rose by 27 percentage points to 60%[56] - The building materials sector saw a 25 percentage point increase to 66%, indicating heightened trading activity[56] - Conversely, the chemical sector decreased by 13 percentage points to 59%, and media fell by 9 percentage points to 58%[56] Investor Sentiment - Retail investor net inflow decreased to 566 billion CNY, down 321 billion CNY from the previous value, placing it in the 13.7th percentile over the past five years[2] - The search interest for self-media platforms like Kuaishou and Douyin has declined from previous highs, indicating a cooling in market enthusiasm[69] - The trend of public funds clustering has weakened, with a shift towards value stocks, particularly in electronics, cyclical, and consumer sectors[2]

Liquidity - The net inflow of leveraged funds remains high, with a net inflow of 225 billion CNY in margin financing, placing it in the 87th percentile over the past three years[8] - Southbound funds have maintained a weekly average net inflow of over 10 billion CNY for the past two months, totaling nearly 150 billion CNY[7] - Stock-type ETFs have seen a turnaround with a net inflow of 3 million CNY, compared to a previous outflow of 236 billion CNY[21] Trading Congestion - The trading heat for the construction materials sector increased by 39 percentage points to 49%, while the photovoltaic sector rose by 32 percentage points to 54%[54] - The steel sector's trading heat increased by 25 percentage points to 51%, while the non-ferrous metals sector decreased by 8 percentage points to 23%[54] - The chemical sector's trading heat fell by 6 percentage points to 72%, and the media sector decreased by 6 percentage points to 64%[54] Investor Sentiment - Retail investors saw a net inflow of 887.1 billion CNY, an increase of 35.4 billion CNY from the previous value, placing it in the 40.3 percentile over the past five years[83] - The net inflow of financing funds was 225.3 billion CNY, up by 99.3 billion CNY from the previous week[2] - The market experienced fluctuations, with the Shanghai Composite Index retreating from a high on July 11, leading to increased search interest in self-media platforms like Kuaishou and Douyin[5]

Core Insights - The recent outperformance of small-cap stocks is attributed to a significant influx of retail investor capital compared to institutional investors, indicating a rapid recovery in market risk appetite since September 2024, despite a lag in fundamental improvements [1][11] - The overall return of large-cap styles will depend on the emergence of a fundamental turning point and the return of institutional capital, with potential catalysts being the confirmation of an upward trend in the AI industry cycle or unexpected macro policy enhancements [1][11] Group 1: Misconceptions about Small-Cap Outperformance - Misconception 1: Macro liquidity easing is beneficial for small-cap stocks. Historical data shows that small-cap performance is not solely determined by macro liquidity conditions, as both small and large-cap stocks have outperformed in various liquidity environments [2] - Misconception 2: The influx of quantitative private equity funds is driving small-cap outperformance. The actual scale of private equity fund inflows has not been as significant as perceived, and quantitative funds are more likely to act as "discoverers" of excess returns rather than creators [4] - Misconception 3: Trading congestion is an effective timing indicator for small-cap stocks. Historical trends indicate that high trading activity does not necessarily lead to a downturn in small-cap stocks, as they can continue to outperform even during periods of high trading volume [6] Group 2: Drivers of Small-Cap Performance - The current small-cap outperformance may be primarily driven by changes in the micro-funding structure, particularly the irrational trading behavior of retail investors entering the market [8] - In both Hong Kong and A-share markets, the correlation between retail investor inflows and small-cap index performance suggests that retail participation is a significant factor in the recent small-cap outperformance [9] - The switch between small and large-cap styles may require a turning point in economic trends, with historical patterns indicating that institutional capital tends to lead market shifts when macro policies or industry trends experience breakthroughs [11]

Liquidity and Funding - The supply side of funds is contracting, with public equity new issuance dropping to 3.52 billion units from 14.36 billion, representing a 44% percentile over the past three years[8] - Southbound funds have maintained a weekly average net inflow of over 10 billion for seven consecutive weeks, totaling over 120 billion[4] - The total amount of stock buybacks increased significantly to 9 billion from 2.09 billion, reaching the 98% percentile over the past three years[24] Trading Congestion - The trading heat for the photovoltaic sector rose by 22 percentage points to 27%, while the steel sector increased by 21 percentage points to 39%[4] - The brokerage sector's trading heat increased by 14 percentage points to 53%, indicating a strong interest in these sectors[50] - Conversely, the mechanical sector's trading heat decreased by 11 percentage points to 11%, and the medical services sector fell by 6 percentage points to 84%[4] Investor Sentiment - Retail investor net inflow in the A-share market reached 81.57 billion, an increase of 21.87 billion from the previous value, placing it in the 37.6% percentile over the past five years[4] - The market saw a significant rise in search interest for A-shares on Kuaishou, reaching a new high for the year as the Shanghai Composite Index approached 3500 points[66] - The sentiment on Weibo improved significantly, driven by the Shanghai Composite Index hitting a new high, indicating a rise in optimistic sentiment among investors[74]