Group 1 - The current global economic situation is characterized by chaos, particularly since the Trump administration's policies, including high tariffs and significant government spending cuts [1][2][4] - Trump's tariffs on Chinese goods have reached as high as 145%, which contradicts his stated goal of increasing fiscal revenue, as such high rates deter American consumers from purchasing these goods [2][4] - The preference for bilateral trade negotiations over multilateral agreements under Trump's administration is seen as less efficient and more destabilizing, leading to increased uncertainty in international relations [4][8] Group 2 - Elon Musk's approach to reducing government spending overlooks the essential public functions that government agencies serve, particularly in funding basic research, which is crucial for long-term economic growth [5][6] - The U.S. government invests approximately $70 billion annually in basic research, which is vital for technological advancements and overall economic progress [5][6] - The misconception that private funding can fully support basic research fails to account for the public good aspect of such research, which often benefits society as a whole [6][8] Group 3 - The independence of central banks from political influence is crucial for effective monetary policy, as political leaders may prioritize short-term economic gains over long-term stability [9][10] - The long tenure of Federal Reserve Board members (14 years) allows for a focus on long-term monetary policy rather than short-term political pressures [10] - Local government revenue generation methods differ significantly between the U.S. and China, impacting their ability to incentivize businesses effectively [12][13]

《人民日报》采访原文中，任正非原话的确是"芯片问题其实没必要担心，用叠加和集群等方法，计算结果上与最先进水平是相当的。"不过，这一个回 答， 实际续接的是"您对人工智能的未来背景怎么看"。也就是说，任正非的本意并没有那么"高调"，而是说中国在AI领域有芯片可用，正因为在单芯片 性能上落后美国芯片不少，所以昇腾才要剑走偏锋，通过堆叠（istack）和集群（Cluster）去力求达到英伟达那种性能。 其实只需要把原来的标题改成"AI芯片的问题没必要担心"，仅仅一词之差，整体的语义就回归了。实际原文中任正非整体态度很谦虚，但看到这样的报 道，或许有些人就会认为任正非很"狂"。此类的断章取义其实还有很多…… "被误解"的任正非 实际上，如果经常关注国外报道，也许你会看到这样的字眼——华为创始人认为中国无需担心美国芯片制裁。 但如果细细品味一下《人民日报》的原文报道，就会发现，这种说法完全是境外媒体的捏造和臆测。任正非这一篇采访非常振奋人心，不仅提振了国内芯 片行业的士气，也非常谦逊，接受批评，正视不足，是一篇值得细细品味的报道。 中共中央办公厅国务院办公厅关于进 保障和改善民生 着力解决群众急难愁盼的意见 (2025 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the resilience and potential of China's semiconductor industry, highlighting the importance of foundational research and the development of artificial intelligence technologies. Group 1: Chip Development - Ren Zhengfei stated that there is no need to worry about chip development, asserting that many Chinese companies are making significant progress in this area, including Huawei [3] - He acknowledged that Huawei is currently one generation behind the U.S. in single-chip technology but emphasized the use of mathematical methods to compensate for this gap [3] - The potential for growth in mid-to-low-end chips and compound semiconductors in China was highlighted, along with the assertion that software development will not be hindered by external pressures [3] Group 2: Fundamental Research - Ren Zhengfei called for greater societal support for fundamental theoretical research, stressing that without it, China cannot catch up with the U.S. [4] - He noted that Huawei invests approximately 180 billion yuan annually in R&D, with around 60 billion yuan dedicated to fundamental research, which is not subject to performance evaluation [4] - The importance of establishing a strong foundation in technology to ensure long-term growth and stability in the industry was emphasized [4] Group 3: Artificial Intelligence - Ren Zhengfei described artificial intelligence as potentially the last major technological revolution for humanity, with a development timeline spanning decades [6] - He pointed out China's advantages in AI, including a large youth population and robust infrastructure for power and communication networks [6] - The article mentioned the potential for a unified market in China, which could facilitate breakthroughs in technology despite external pressures [6] Group 4: Product Development - The article noted the launch of the Huawei Mate60 series featuring "Chinese chips" and the upcoming release of the HarmonyOS NEXT, which aims for full self-reliance in operating system technology [5] - Huawei's development of various hardware and software products, including Kunpeng processors and Ascend processors, was highlighted as part of its strategy to build a comprehensive computing ecosystem [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes Huawei's resilience and commitment to overcoming challenges, highlighting the importance of foundational research and the company's strategic investments in R&D despite external pressures [2][3][12]. Group 1: Challenges and Resilience - Huawei's CEO Ren Zhengfei expresses a mindset of not dwelling on difficulties but focusing on progress, stating, "Don't think about difficulties, just do it step by step" [3]. - The company acknowledges the challenges posed by external pressures, particularly in the semiconductor industry, but emphasizes that many Chinese chip companies are making significant strides [4][5]. - Ren highlights the importance of education and talent development in overcoming challenges, indicating that China has the potential to excel in mid-to-low-end chips and compound semiconductors [5]. Group 2: Research and Development - Huawei invests approximately 180 billion yuan annually in R&D, with around 60 billion yuan dedicated to foundational theoretical research, which is not subject to performance assessments [12]. - The company believes that without foundational research, breakthroughs are unattainable, and this investment is crucial for keeping pace with global competitors [12]. - Ren stresses the need for strategic patience in supporting theoretical research, as significant scientific breakthroughs often take decades to materialize [9][11]. Group 3: Social and Economic Context - The article discusses the role of socialism in facilitating infrastructure development in China, contrasting it with capitalism's profit-driven approach [14][15]. - Ren argues that the socialist market economy is essential for building critical infrastructure, which supports industrial and agricultural modernization [15]. - The discussion includes the importance of a unified market and the potential for overcoming external barriers through national unity and strategic openness [22]. Group 4: Future Outlook - Ren views artificial intelligence as a pivotal technological revolution for humanity, emphasizing China's advantages in youth population and infrastructure for AI development [16][17]. - He reassures that concerns regarding chip technology are manageable through innovative methods, and anticipates a future with diverse open-source software solutions [18]. - The article concludes with a positive outlook on China's manufacturing capabilities, particularly in integrating AI into production processes [19].

Core Viewpoint - The dialogue between Ren Zhengfei and People's Daily highlights Huawei's resilience in the face of external pressures, emphasizing a focus on progress rather than obstacles [1]. Group 1: Discussion on Chips - Ren Zhengfei downplays concerns regarding chip technology, stating that many Chinese companies are making significant strides in this area, and Huawei is one of them [3]. - He acknowledges that Huawei is currently one generation behind the U.S. in single-chip technology but believes that through innovative methods, practical results can be achieved [3]. - Ren emphasizes the potential for Chinese companies in mid-to-low-end chips and highlights the importance of compound semiconductors [3]. Group 2: Importance of Basic Research - Ren stresses the necessity of foundational theoretical research for technological breakthroughs, indicating that without it, China will lag behind the U.S. [5]. - He mentions that Huawei invests approximately 180 billion yuan annually in R&D, with around 60 billion yuan dedicated to basic theoretical research [5]. - The company has made significant advancements in "root technology" and operating system innovation, contributing to the foundation of China's information industry [5]. Group 3: Digital Infrastructure and AI - Huawei has launched a series of products, including Kunpeng processors and Ascend processors, to build a computing ecosystem for general and AI applications [6]. - Ren views artificial intelligence as potentially the last major technological revolution, with China having advantages such as a robust power supply and advanced communication networks [8]. - He believes that the future of the country is promising, with increasing openness leading to progress and the potential for a unified market [8].

本文原载于6月10日出版的《人民日报》，原标题为《国家越开放，会促使我们更加进步—— 对话任正非》 图/新华网 近日，在深圳华为总部，围绕大众关心的一些热点话题，人民日报记者一行与华为首席执行 官任正非面对面交流。 从中，我们真切感受到，一个企业家"坚定不移办好自己的事"的自信。 "不去想困难，干就完了，一步一步往前走" 问：面对外部封锁打压，遇到很多困难，心里怎么想？ 答：没有想过，想也没有用。不去想困难，干就完了，一步一步往前走。 问：昇腾芯片被"警告"使用风险，对华为有什么影响吗？ 答：中国做芯片的公司很多，许多都做得不错，华为是其中一家。美国是夸大了华为的成 绩，华为还没有这么厉害。要努力做才能达到他们的评价。我们单芯片还是落后美国一代， 我们用数学补物理、非摩尔补摩尔，用群计算补单芯片，在结果上也能达到实用状况。 问：如果说有困难，主要困难是什么？ 答：困难就困难嘛，什么时候没有困难？刀耕火种的时候不困难吗？石器时代不困难吗？人 类用石器的时候，哪能想到有高铁。中国在中低端芯片上是可以有机会的，中国数十、上百 家芯片公司都很努力。特别是化合物半导体机会更大。硅基芯片，我们用数学补物理、非摩 尔补摩尔 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes Huawei's resilience and commitment to overcoming challenges, highlighting the importance of focusing on internal capabilities rather than external pressures [1][3]. Group 1: Challenges and Responses - Huawei's CEO Ren Zhengfei expresses a mindset of not dwelling on difficulties, advocating for a proactive approach to progress [2][3]. - The company acknowledges the competitive landscape in chip manufacturing, stating that while it has made strides, it still lags behind the U.S. in certain areas [4][5]. - Ren emphasizes the importance of education and talent development in addressing challenges, particularly in the semiconductor industry [5]. Group 2: Research and Development - Huawei invests approximately 180 billion yuan annually in R&D, with around 60 billion yuan dedicated to foundational theoretical research, which is not subject to performance evaluation [11][12]. - The company recognizes the long-term nature of basic research, which can take decades to yield results, and stresses its necessity for technological breakthroughs [8][11]. Group 3: The Role of Theoretical Research - Ren highlights the significance of theoretical scientists and the need for societal understanding and support for their work, as breakthroughs often take time to be recognized [10][12]. - He draws parallels between historical scientific discoveries and their eventual applications, underscoring the value of patience in research [9][10]. Group 4: Future Outlook - Ren discusses the potential of artificial intelligence as a transformative technology for society, noting that its development will require decades of effort [15]. - He points out China's advantages in AI, including a robust power supply and advanced communication networks, which are essential for its growth [16][17]. - The CEO believes that the integration of AI into manufacturing will lead to the emergence of unique Chinese models and solutions [18]. Group 5: Economic and Social Development - Ren argues that socialism facilitates social development by enabling investments in infrastructure that may not be immediately profitable, contrasting it with capitalist approaches [14]. - He emphasizes the importance of a harmonious development model that fosters value creation and legal compliance among enterprises [19]. - The article concludes with a vision of increasing openness in the economy, which is expected to drive progress and national rejuvenation [20].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of hands-on experience in scientific research, particularly in rice research, highlighting that theoretical conclusions must be validated in the field [1][2] - It reflects on the dedication and perseverance of researchers, illustrating that significant breakthroughs are often the result of years of hard work and persistence [2] Group 1: Research and Development - The article mentions that the work of researchers like Qian Qian involves both laboratory and fieldwork, indicating a balanced approach to scientific inquiry [1] - It highlights the efforts of various research teams across different institutions, such as the exploration of cosmic origins and advancements in agricultural technology, showcasing the diversity of scientific endeavors [1][2] Group 2: Scientific Community - The article underscores the value of a dedicated scientific workforce, noting that the current landscape of high-tech fields like AI, quantum technology, and biotechnology benefits from a strong base of researchers [2] - It conveys a sense of gratitude for the commitment of scientists who invest significant time and effort into their research, reinforcing the notion that sustained dedication leads to innovation [2]

Group 1 - Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) has made significant progress in basic research through a dual approach of "mechanism reform + evaluation orientation," exemplified by Professor Duanmu Haosui's recent publication in a leading economics journal within two years [1] - HIT has published 13 academic papers in prestigious journals like Nature and Science, and has introduced a new batch of high-level innovative talents in basic research over the past five years, demonstrating the effectiveness of its reform in building an innovation ecosystem [1] Group 2 - HIT is reforming its talent evaluation system to better suit the long-term and high-risk nature of basic research, moving away from traditional metrics that may not apply to foundational studies [2] - The university has seen a rise in exceptional young researchers, such as Professor Lv Haibao, who achieved a rapid promotion and made groundbreaking contributions in condensed matter physics [2] - HIT's supportive environment has encouraged young researchers to focus on their work, leading to a more vibrant research atmosphere [2] Group 3 - HIT aims to leverage its basic research capabilities to create knowledge and cultivate talent, as stated by the university's Party Secretary Chen Jie, with a focus on building a high-level faculty and nurturing innovative talents [3] - The establishment of the Life Sciences Center has become a model for talent cultivation, successfully addressing several world-class challenges in virus structure and immunity within a decade [3] - HIT has launched various talent support initiatives, including the "Youth Top Talent Recruitment Program" and "Spring Goose Talent Program," resulting in the establishment of 178 youth scientist studios to foster academic communities [3] Group 4 - Zhao Weisong, a young faculty member at HIT, has achieved significant breakthroughs in biomedical imaging technology, supported by the university's funding and resources for young scientists [4] - The increasing number of talented young researchers joining HIT reflects the institution's growing reputation and supportive research environment [4] - HIT plans to initiate the "Foundation Building Strategy" to provide targeted policy support for cutting-edge basic research [4] Group 5 - HIT is navigating the complexities of basic research with a robust support system and mechanism reforms, positioning itself as a leader in the field [5]

Core Viewpoint - The policies of the Trump administration have led to a significant decline in the U.S. scientific community, characterized by research stagnation and talent outflow, threatening the country's long-standing leadership in global scientific innovation [1][2][4]. Group 1: Impact on Research Institutions - The Trump administration has taken aggressive actions against top universities, including freezing billions in funding and threatening tax-exempt status, which has resulted in the halt of critical health-related research [2][3]. - Federal research institutions have seen substantial staff reductions, with thousands of positions cut from agencies such as the National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [2][3]. - The proposed budget for fiscal year 2026 includes drastic cuts to research funding, with a 37% reduction for the National Institutes of Health and over 50% for the National Science Foundation, alongside significant cuts to climate and ecological research [2][3]. Group 2: Long-term Consequences - The systematic impact of the Trump administration's policies on U.S. scientific innovation is expected to take decades to repair, as rebuilding trust in academic freedom and international collaboration is crucial [3][4]. - The reduction in research funding and withdrawal from international climate research collaborations are likely to hinder global scientific cooperation, particularly in public health and environmental research [3][4]. - The prioritization of "utility science" that directly translates to economic and geopolitical advantages has led to a neglect of basic research, which is now facing scrutiny and funding cuts [3][4]. Group 3: Global Research Landscape - The U.S. is experiencing a shift towards a more decentralized global research landscape, as other countries increase investments to attract talent, with a reported 32% rise in overseas job applications from U.S. researchers [4][5]. - Initiatives in Europe and Australia aim to draw top research talent away from the U.S., indicating a potential reconfiguration of the global scientific community [4][5]. - This trend may lead to multiple regional centers of research excellence, fostering new opportunities for collaboration across different fields [5].