Core Viewpoint - The joint initiative by seven government departments aims to accelerate the flow of financial resources into the technology sector, promoting innovation and supporting high-level technological self-reliance in China through 15 policy measures across various financial domains [1] Group 1: Financial Support for Technology Innovation - The policy measures will optimize financial services throughout the entire lifecycle of technology innovation, creating a supportive financing ecosystem for tech companies [2] - Establishment of the "National Venture Capital Guidance Fund" and support for private equity secondary market funds will encourage long-term capital investment in technology sectors [2] - The measures aim to enhance direct financing channels for tech companies, including support for core technology firms to go public and the establishment of a "technology board" in the bond market [2] Group 2: Financial System Reform - The initiative seeks to build a new fiscal-financial input system to improve the adaptability of financial services for tech enterprises, particularly those with long R&D cycles [3] - Banks are encouraged to innovate their business models and adjust traditional credit structures to better serve strategic technology forces [3] - The policy aims to lower innovation costs for tech companies through coordinated fiscal and financial support, ensuring their growth into significant players in the industry [3] Group 3: Mechanism and Structural Reforms - The measures promote collaborative innovation between central and local governments, fostering differentiated support paths for tech finance [4] - State-owned capital is encouraged to transition towards patient capital, focusing more on foundational research and key technology areas [4] - The initiative aims to enhance China's global competitiveness in technology and achieve significant breakthroughs in core areas [4] Group 4: Market Innovation and Financial Vitality - The policy encourages the use of structural monetary policy tools to optimize support for technology innovation, expanding the scale and scope of re-lending [5] - Financial institutions are urged to establish specialized mechanisms for supporting tech innovation, including long-term loan assessments and risk management frameworks [5] - The measures aim to break the short-term performance constraints of banks, enhancing their willingness and flexibility to support tech enterprises [5]

自4月25日召开的中共中央政治局会议提出"要加紧实施更加积极有为的宏观政策"以来，金融部门快速 响应，在5月集中发布一揽子金融政策支持稳市场稳预期。目前，降准降息、新的结构性货币政策工 具、债券市场"科技板"等政策措施陆续落地。尽管一揽子金融政策举措正在持续发挥政策效能，但考虑 到部分领域的结构性矛盾依然有待解决，新型政策性金融工具仍有出台必要，市场机构预计在二季度落 地。新型政策性金融工具或创新支持稳定外贸和扩大有效投资。在受访专家看来，财政货币政策有望提 供配套支持，通过扩张抵押补充贷款(PSL)和中央财政贴息支持新工具实施。(人民财讯) ...

Group 1 - The core focus of the recent policy is on technological innovation, with the central bank, financial regulatory authority, and securities regulatory commission collaborating to launch multiple innovative tools to support a comprehensive system of "credit + bonds + insurance" [1] - The central bank has added 300 billion yuan in re-loans for technological innovation and technological transformation, bringing the total to 800 billion yuan, and has created a "risk-sharing tool for innovation bonds" to address the financing challenges faced by technology enterprises [2] - The establishment of the "risk-sharing tool for innovation bonds" aims to alleviate credit risk for investors and enhance the success rate of bond issuance, thereby activating direct financing channels and creating a virtuous cycle of "confidence - credit - lending" [3] Group 2 - The new re-loan tool is a structural monetary policy instrument that provides low-cost funds to financial institutions, encouraging them to increase credit to technology enterprises, thus addressing the issue of banks being reluctant to lend [2] - To effectively implement these policy tools, a risk-sharing mechanism involving multiple stakeholders, including local governments and market-oriented institutions, needs to be established to enhance support for technology enterprises [3] - Local governments can set up technology guarantee funds or risk compensation funds to improve banks' and investment institutions' willingness to support technology enterprises through fiscal subsidies and risk coverage [3]

作者：田轩 张铧兮 导读 2025年4月，在内外政策合力作用下，市场信心回升，中国金融市场呈现明显回暖态势，道口金融晴雨指数实现环比和同比双增长。 其中，受中美贸易摩擦影响，股票市场短期承压，但在政策逆周期调节下长期潜力凸显；银行、信贷、货币、债券及非银市场在政策支持下信贷扩张、流动 性改善，活跃度显著提升。值得注意的是，中美经贸关系的结构性矛盾尚未根本性化解，未来建议持续关注实体经济清单动态等政策变量，对经贸博弈的长 期性保持战略定力。 宏观金融晴雨指数解读： 长期来看，融资规模增长、监管制度优化和险资入市等因素增强了市场信心，推动资金流向新兴产业。尽管仍需关注贸易不确定性、汇率波动和PPP项目风 险，但在政策支持和产业升级驱动下，股票市场有望延续回暖态势。 从长期看，宏观调控强调"有保有压"，即在控制整体信贷扩张的同时，优先保障小微企业和制造业中长期融资需求。这类贷款增速持续高于整体水平，体现 政策在稳增长与防风险之间寻求结构优化，有助于改善杠杆结构并增强金融体系韧性。 图一：分市场指数比重累计图与拟合线（数据整理/康炜隆 施余艺） 二、宏观杠杆市场 注：图一为分市场指数堆积柱状图，配有总指数拟合线，以2 ...

21 日 国 家 金 融 监 管 总 局 等 八 部 委 联 合 印 发 《 支 持 小 微 企 业 融 资 的 若 干 措 施 》 （ 下 称 《 若 干 措 施》），从增加融资供给、降低综合融资成本等八个方面，提出23项工作措施。每一项都列出相关 负责部门，并在部门协同和责任分布方面做到精准对标，这有助精准聚焦和量化工作绩效。 2025.05. 23 本文字数：1381，阅读时长大约2分钟 导读 ： 给予市场主体在市场活动中足够空间感，金融对实体的支持才能真正派生出信用杠杆。 作者 | 一财评论员 小微企业是经济的毛细血管，是经济社会的神经末梢，是经济的烟火气，更是人们的生活日常本身。 任何先进技术、惠民政策、善念的传达等，均需充分抵达小微企业，这也是打通经济内循环的必经之 路。 《若干措施》提出的金融支持是丰富多样的，对降低小微企业融资成本，改善其经营状况，盘活其现 金流，推动其跨越式发展，改善融资难、融资贵等问题的效果将是立竿见影的。 这种立竿见影能否真正有效改善小微企业处境，是一个复杂的过程。不论是刚刚施行的《民营经济促 进法》，还是《若干措施》，关键是匹配企业的所诉所愿，这样才能真正产生化学反应， ...

Group 1 - The Central Political Bureau meeting emphasized the need for more proactive macro policies, including effective fiscal and moderately loose monetary policies [1] - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) announced a package of 10 financial measures, including interest rate cuts and the introduction of new policy tools to support technological innovation [1][2] - The PBOC's decision to lower the reserve requirement ratio (RRR) by 0.5 percentage points is expected to release approximately 1 trillion yuan in long-term liquidity [2] Group 2 - The reduction in the RRR is aimed at meeting the long-term liquidity needs and stabilizing the financing scale growth [2] - The PBOC's measures are designed to optimize the bank's liability structure and reduce financing costs for the real economy [2][4] - The PBOC also lowered the loan market quotation rate (LPR) by 10 basis points, which is expected to lower the actual financing costs for the real economy [4] Group 3 - The PBOC has introduced a new structural monetary policy tool to support consumption and the elderly care sector, with a total of 500 billion yuan allocated [6] - The new policy tool is an upgrade from the previous inclusive elderly care special re-loan policy, aimed at stimulating service consumption and enhancing pension security [6] - The PBOC has increased the re-loan quota for technological innovation and agricultural support by 3 billion yuan each, totaling 8 billion yuan for tech innovation [7] Group 4 - The PBOC's structural monetary policy tools are designed to support key sectors of the economy, including small and micro enterprises, real estate, and technological innovation [5][6] - The current monetary policy framework includes both total quantity tools and structural tools, with a focus on addressing structural contradictions in the economy [6] - Experts suggest that future monetary policy may increasingly rely on structural tools to support domestic demand and drive economic transformation [6][7]

Group 1 - The recent financial policy package includes 10 monetary policy measures aimed at stabilizing the market and expectations through a combination of tools, reflecting a moderately loose monetary policy stance to support employment, businesses, and market stability [1][2] - The measures include targeted reserve requirement ratio (RRR) cuts for large and medium-sized banks, as well as for auto finance and leasing companies, alongside interest rate reductions for policy rates and housing provident fund loans [2][3] - Structural monetary policy tools have been innovatively enhanced, with a comprehensive reduction in interest rates for various structural monetary policy tools, which will incentivize banks to increase credit to key strategic areas and weak links [3] Group 2 - New policy tools such as loans for service consumption and elderly care have been established to encourage financial institutions to support sectors like accommodation, dining, entertainment, and the elderly care industry, thereby stimulating service consumption and enhancing the pension market [3] - The structural monetary policy tools, with a balance of 5.9 trillion yuan, have become a significant channel for basic currency supply, reinforcing the policy incentives for commercial banks [3]

Core Viewpoint - The central bank's monetary policy reform has been ongoing for nearly a year, transitioning towards a "price-based" adjustment mechanism while increasing the use of structural monetary policy tools. The article explores the innovations in the monetary policy framework, the actual usage of structural tools, and the changes in market interest rates [1][4][26]. Group 1: Changes in Monetary Policy Framework - The central bank has established a liquidity supply structure that includes pledged reverse repos for short-term liquidity, buyout reverse repos for medium-term liquidity, and MLF, reserve requirements, and secondary market purchases of government bonds for long-term liquidity [12]. - The process of interest rate liberalization has accelerated since 2013, with significant milestones including the introduction of the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) and the establishment of the interest rate corridor mechanism [4][6]. - A narrower "overnight-7 days" interest rate corridor has been implemented, allowing for more flexible monetary policy adjustments and a higher tolerance for upward interest rate fluctuations [6][8]. Group 2: Current Status of Structural Tools - The transmission of monetary policy is hindered by a lack of endogenous financing demand, with funds not converting into real investments and consumption due to economic structural transformation and internal circulation of funds within the banking system [2][13]. - The usage rates of structural monetary policy tools are low, with only a few tools exceeding a 50% usage rate, while many others, particularly those targeting real estate and transportation, are below 30% [18][19]. - The challenges in utilizing structural tools stem from industry development limitations and execution difficulties, as well as the cyclical nature of industries and declining relative advantages [19][23]. Group 3: Impact of Framework Adjustments on Interest Rates - The central bank is likely to separate the policy goals of narrow and broad liquidity, maintaining a balance that does not adversely affect real financing [26]. - Market interest rates have shown three types of inversion phenomena, including the inversion between 7-day and overnight rates, indicating a mismatch in the transmission of interest rates from short to long [29][31]. - The yield curve for government bonds has flattened, with short-term rates rising sharply due to tightening liquidity, while long-term rates remain constrained by economic fundamentals and expectations of interest rate cuts [33].

Core Insights - The total amount of repurchase and increase loans in the A-share market has exceeded 120 billion yuan, indicating the significant role of this financial tool [1][2] - The People's Bank of China and other regulatory bodies have introduced a policy to support low-cost financing for listed companies and major shareholders [1][2] Group 1: Loan Details - As of May 19, 622 listed companies or major shareholders have obtained repurchase increase loans totaling approximately 120.76 billion yuan, accounting for 40.25% of the initial quota of 300 billion yuan [1] - The loans are part of a policy established in October 2024, with a total quota of 300 billion yuan and an annual interest rate of 1.75% [1][2] Group 2: Recent Developments - In May, 37 listed companies or major shareholders have received repurchase increase loans, with notable examples including Yunda Holdings and Siyuan Electric [1] - On May 7, the central bank announced an increase in the total quota for stock repurchase and increase loans to 800 billion yuan, while also reducing the interest rate on structural monetary policy tools to 1.5% [2] Group 3: Industry Impact - Companies in the chemical, hardware equipment, and pharmaceutical industries have shown high enthusiasm for utilizing these special loans [1] - Large-cap and industry-leading companies account for over 40% of the applications for repurchase increase loans, covering sectors such as petrochemicals, food and beverage, home appliances, new energy, and semiconductors [1]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - Maintain the conclusion that "funding may be looser than expected." Although short - term fluctuations occur in the current funding situation, the optimistic expectation for liquidity should not change, and there is still room for the funding price to decline [2]. - The bank's liability growth has returned to normal, and the objective environment for funding regulation has changed. The so - called "central bank's attitude" speculated by institutions is unreliable, and the central bank's attitude has also changed [3]. - After the RRR cut, the easing effect had been overdrawn before the actual implementation. The comprehensive impact of released funds and the overdrawn effect on the actual implementation day may not lead to an obvious change in the lent funds [3]. - The impact of government bond payments and the maturity of repurchase agreements exists, but the replacement of high - cost funds with cheaper RRR - cut funds still has an easing effect [3]. - There will be support from excess structural tools in the future, including a confirmed increase of 1.1 trillion in various re - loans and the possible re - activation of PSL, which has shrunk by 1.3 trillion since 2024 [4]. 3. Summary by Directory 1. How to View the Tightening of Funds after the RRR Cut - **Previous Views on the Bond Market and Funds**: Microscopically, the bond market is recovering; macroscopically, there are still opportunities in the bond market. The key to the subsequent bond market trend is whether the funding price center can break through 1.4%. There is a possibility that the funding will be looser than expected [10]. - **Current Situation of Funds after the RRR Cut**: The RRR cut was implemented on May 15th, and the funding tightened marginally. The funding price center dropped to around 1.5% after the RRR cut was announced in early May, but did not decline further after May 15th [11]. - **Reasons for Not Being Pessimistic about the Funding**: - **Change in the Bank's Liability Environment**: The bank's liability growth has returned to normal, and the so - called "central bank's attitude" speculated by institutions is unreliable. Even if the central bank continues to regulate, the funding center will be lower than before [14]. - **Overdrawn Easing Effect**: Before the actual implementation of the RRR cut, the easing effect had been overdrawn. The actual scale of the RRR cut may be affected by the change in the deposit base, and the lent funds may not change significantly on the implementation day [16]. - **Impact of Other Factors**: The large - scale government bond payments in the short term will consume excess reserves, and the maturity of repurchase agreements also needs to be considered. However, the replacement of high - cost funds with cheaper RRR - cut funds still has an easing effect [17]. - **Support from Structural Tools**: There will be support from excess structural tools in the future, including a confirmed increase of 1.1 trillion in various re - loans and the possible re - activation of PSL, which has shrunk by 1.3 trillion since 2024 [20]. - **Conclusion**: It is not advisable to be pessimistic about the funding. In most cases, the funding price will decline in the two weeks after the RRR cut. The bank's liability has returned to normal, and the central bank's attitude has also returned to stable and loose [22].