文：谈擎说AI 在过去几年，L3在自动驾驶行业内并不受待见，当L2与L4被炒得火热时，它就像被皇帝打入冷宫的妃子，提都很少提，就算提了，也都是不那么看好的声 音。 2022年时，李彦宏便说过L2之后率先进入商用的很可能是L4，而不是L3。 事实上也确实如此，只是如今L3有没有可能比Robotaxi普及更快？ 地平线创始人余凯曾在2023年作出更悲观的判断，他觉得10年以后连L3都不会真正的出现。 但现实的变化总是这么出乎人的意料，如今随着工信部的一纸书文，允许长安、极狐两款L3车型落地，L3的时代正式被打响。 马后炮的讲，看来大佬对于未来的判断也总是有着瑕疵啊。 所以L3究竟意味着什么？ 技术革命时代，L3与豆包AI手机为何不同命？ 众所周知，在L3以前，都只能被称作辅助驾驶。 L3作为有条件的自动驾驶，之所以推行这么晚，除了技术上的问题以外，最大的难点就在于责任规划。 L2的责任承担者依然是驾驶人，出了事，尽管车企宣传自己的智驾再厉害，该你承担的还是要你承担。 到L3时代，在ODD内正常激活的情况下，要是出事了，责任不归驾驶员，而是车企。 在此期间，驾驶人员可以脱手、脱眼，想看剧看剧，想吃饭吃饭。 但千万不 ...

当地时间周二彭博社报道称，加州机动车管理局原本计划执行这项处罚，但最终决定将其暂缓 90 天，为特斯拉留出"合规整改"的时间。 IT之家注意到，上述报道发布数小时后的当地时间周二晚间，特斯拉作出回应，称这是一项针对其"Autopilot"术语使用的"消费者保护"相关指令。特斯拉方 面表示，"没有任何一位消费者主动提出相关问题"，但法官与机动车管理局已就此定性，若特斯拉不配合整改，便会被处以相应处罚。不过特斯拉强调，其 在加州的销售业务"将不受影响、照常进行"。 IT之家 12 月 18 日消息，特斯拉已辟谣其在加利福尼亚州面临 30 天禁售的相关报道。此前，一名法官裁定特斯拉"在其驾驶辅助技术方面误导消费者"，加 州机动车管理局（DMV）随即对该公司开出罚单。 这则报道以及机动车管理局和法官的相关裁定，引发了特斯拉粉丝群体的强烈不满，部分网友表示特斯拉"应尽全力撤出加州市场"。还有网友在 X 上发文 称，在就业岗位创造、工程技术研发以及创新领域，特斯拉为加州作出了诸多贡献，而加州"不配拥有这一切"。 多年来，特斯拉一直在使用"Autopilot"和"FSD（Full Self-Driving）"这两个术语。但 ...

登录新浪财经APP 搜索【信披】查看更多考评等级 美国加利福尼亚州机动车管理局表示，特斯拉公司涉嫌通过营销手段误导消费者，夸大其驾驶辅助技术 的功能，若该公司不整改相关营销行为，其在加州的汽车销售将被暂停 30 天。 该管理局于周二宣布，上述禁售处罚将在 90 天后生效，为特斯拉留出上诉或整改合规的时间。此前， 加州机动车管理局指控特斯拉夸大其 "自动辅助驾驶（Autopilot）" 和 "完全自动驾驶（Full Self- Driving）" 软件的功能，并请求行政法官裁定是否有必要对特斯拉实施禁售处罚。 消息公布后，特斯拉股价在盘后交易中一度下跌 2.2%，随后跌幅收窄至约 1%。该公司股价于周二收于 历史高点，年内累计涨幅达 21%。截至发稿，特斯拉暂未回应置评请求。 对总部位于得克萨斯州奥斯汀市的特斯拉而言，销售牌照被吊销将是一记重创。加州是美国人口第一大 州，既是特斯拉在美国最大的销售市场，也是其最大工厂的所在地，即便短期的销售中断也可能给公司 带来高昂损失。特斯拉若提交声明，承诺停止使用 "自动辅助驾驶" 这一名称来描述不符合特定行业标 准的技术，或详细说明整改措施，即可避免加州机动车管理局的禁售 ...

Group 1 - Alphabet's subsidiary Waymo is in talks to raise over $15 billion at a valuation close to $100 billion, highlighting its leadership in the autonomous driving sector [1] - Waymo's valuation has significantly increased from $45 billion in October 2024 to potentially $110 billion, reflecting its ongoing investments and expansion efforts [1] - The company currently has an annualized revenue exceeding $350 million, indicating strong financial performance [1] Group 2 - Waymo leads the U.S. market in fully autonomous driving mileage, paid user base, and approved operational areas, distinguishing itself from competitors like Tesla and Amazon's Zoox [2] - Waymo operates under Alphabet's "Other Bets" segment, which includes high-risk innovative projects, and is facing pressure for independent operations to enhance overall efficiency [2] - The decision to allow Waymo to bring in external capital is partly to mitigate the operational risks associated with high investment in autonomous driving technology [2]

本报记者 刘钊 在汽车产业深度变革的关键节点，12月16日，在中国电动汽车百人会论坛（2026）媒体沟通会上，车百会理事长张永伟在 接受《证券日报》等媒体记者采访时，对中国汽车产业发展趋势、新能源转型、自动驾驶技术、出海战略等热点问题进行了深 入解读。他指出，当前中国汽车产业正处于转型升级的关键期，既面临着前所未有的机遇，也需要应对诸多挑战。在电动化、 智能化浪潮下，汽车产业的发展规律正在发生深刻变化，企业需要适应新的市场环境，把握发展机遇。 明年国内汽车市场销量或将增长2% 中国汽车产业正经历着前所未有的变革，市场格局和发展模式都在发生深刻变化。 车百会理事长张永伟在接受采访时表示，当前汽车产业发展呈现出三个明显的趋势特征。 首先，市场增长将保持平稳态势。张永伟预测，明年国内汽车市场销量将实现2%左右的增长，这一判断明显高于市场普 遍预期。他认为，汽车产业的平稳增长不仅是行业自身发展的需要，更是稳经济的重要支撑。从投资和消费两个维度来看，汽 车都是核心拉动领域。 其次，产业整合加速推进。随着市场竞争的加剧，汽车行业已经进入淘汰赛阶段。张永伟指出，小规模企业和技术积累不 足的企业发展将面临更大困难，而优势企业 ...

下一步，两款车型将分别由重庆长安车联科技有限公司、北京出行汽车服务有限公司作为使用主 体，在指定区域内开展实际道路通行试点。据悉，工业和信息化部将会同相关部门及地方管理机构，加 强对试点车辆的运行监测与安全保障，及时总结试点经验，进一步完善智能网联汽车准入管理体系与标 准法规建设，推动我国智能网联新能源汽车产业实现更高质量、更安全有序发展。 据悉，此次准入许可是依据《道路机动车辆生产企业及产品准入管理办法》等相关法规，经过严格 的受理、审查、公示流程后作出的决定。前期，工业和信息化部会同有关部门，按照《关于开展智能网 联汽车准入和上路通行试点工作的通知》要求，组织专家团队开展了多轮测试与安全评估工作，两家企 业申报车型均顺利通过各项验证。 近日，工业和信息化部正式公布我国首批L3级有条件自动驾驶车型准入许可，两款分别适配城市 拥堵、高速路段的车型将在北京、重庆指定区域开展上路试点，这标志着我国在智能网联汽车准入管理 方面取得重要突破，自动驾驶技术正式进入有条件规模化应用的新阶段。 根据公告内容，长安汽车旗下"长安牌SC7000AAARBEV型纯电动轿车"与北汽蓝谷旗下"极狐牌 BJ7001A61NBEV型纯电 ...

Core Insights - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has granted conditional approval for two automotive companies to submit applications for L3 level conditional autonomous driving vehicles, indicating a significant step towards the commercialization of autonomous driving technology [1][3] Group 1: Safety and Regulation - Safety remains the top priority in the development and application of new automotive technologies, with the conditional approval allowing autonomous driving functions to be limited to typical, low-risk scenarios [2] - The approval process includes systematic evaluations of enterprise capabilities, product safety, and testing validation, ensuring that only vehicles meeting production conditions are granted access [1][3] Group 2: Technological Advancement and Industry Response - The move signifies a transition from "technical validation" to "mass production application," marking the beginning of road trials for intelligent connected vehicles [3] - The approval is seen as a recognition of technological maturity and a response to societal expectations for future smart mobility solutions, fostering a collaborative ecosystem among various stakeholders in the automotive supply chain [3] Group 3: Future Developments and Standards - The next steps involve road trials in designated areas by the two approved vehicles, with ongoing monitoring and safety assurance from relevant authorities [4] - The initiative is expected to drive innovation in automotive technology and provide valuable practical experience for standard formulation, enhancing the efficiency and scientific nature of the approval process [4]

Summary of Yutong Optical Conference Call Company Overview - Yutong Optical has maintained the leading position in the global security lens market for 10 consecutive years, with a market share of 38.1% in 2024, and together with Sunny Optical, they hold over 65% of the domestic market share [2][3][4] - The company is expected to achieve revenue of 1.85 billion RMB in 2025, with a stable gross margin of around 25% [2][4] Industry Insights - The overseas market is experiencing significant growth, driven by increasing demand for high-definition and intelligent security solutions [2][4] - The global market for aspheric optical glass molded lenses is projected to reach approximately $4.4 billion in 2024, with an expected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of over 6% until 2030-2031 [9] Key Business Segments Security Lens Business - Security lenses are the core business of Yutong Optical, with a diverse product matrix including ultra-low light series, all-in-one series, 4K series, and zoom series [3] - The company has established long-term strategic partnerships with leading domestic security firms such as Hikvision and Dahua [2][3] Automotive Optical Sector - Yutong Optical is actively expanding into the automotive optical field, developing a product matrix that includes vehicle lenses, HUDs, and LiDAR systems [2][5] - The demand for vehicle cameras is significantly increasing due to advancements in autonomous driving technology, with the number of cameras required per vehicle rising from 3-5 for L1 to 15-18 for L5 levels [5] - The automotive business is expected to generate revenue of 334 million RMB in 2024, representing a year-on-year growth of 51.8% [5] New Consumption Optical Business - The new consumption optical business achieved revenue exceeding 300 million RMB in the first three quarters, with approximately 300 million RMB in the third quarter alone [3][11] - Yutong has a close partnership with DJI, providing molded glass for various camera and drone models, with an average selling price (ASP) of around 20 RMB [11] Technological Advancements - Yutong Optical has made significant advancements in molded glass technology, achieving mass production capabilities that enhance competitiveness and provide substantial growth potential [6][8] - The company has reduced production costs by over 30% compared to traditional grinding methods, while maintaining industry-leading yield rates [8] Strategic Partnerships and Future Growth - Yutong has established collaborations with major automotive manufacturers such as BYD, Geely, Toyota, and Volkswagen, integrating into their supply chains [5] - The company is also involved in projects with Apple, focusing on AI glasses camera components, which are expected to begin small-scale production in the second half of 2026 [12] Growth Drivers - Short-term growth will be driven by the rapid expansion of the automotive business and the realization of new consumption orders [13] - Long-term growth is anticipated across various business segments, including security, with a clear path for future expansion supported by robust R&D investments and a strong customer base [13]

作为一家专注于自动驾驶技术的人工智能企业，毫末智行成立于2019年11月29日，由长城汽车智能驾驶 前瞻部孵化而成。该公司主营业务包括乘用车辅助驾驶、末端物流自动配送车、智能硬件，以及 MANA数据智能系统等。股权结构方面，保定市长城控股集团有限公司持股27.5247%，河北雄安长城 汽车科技有限公司持股26.2140%，两者合计持股超过53%。 公开报道显示，毫末智行早期曾获得长城汽车、美团、高瓴创投等机构投资，累计融资规模约20亿元。 在2021年A轮融资后，毫末智行估值突破10亿美元，跻身独角兽行列。不过，从2023年起，毫末智行频 频陷入裁员传闻，职能部门裁员比例甚至高达30%-50%。 尽管毫末智行曾宣布与北京现代、丰田、宝马等主机厂签订定点合作协议，但公司官网显示，毫末乘用 车辅助驾驶产品所搭载的车型，均出自长城汽车旗下各品牌。而对于长城汽车来说，毫末智行仅仅是其 重点供应商之一，一旦其智驾方案拖累用户体验，很容易被其他供应商所取代。 A轮融资后，毫末智行估值一度突破10亿美元。最近，这家智能驾驶明星企业却突然宣布"全部在职员 工停工放假"。毫末智行官网显示，其乘用车辅助驾驶产品广泛搭载于长城汽车 ...

Core Insights - The current ride-hailing services account for only 1% of the annual driving mileage in the U.S., which is approximately 3 trillion miles, highlighting a significant growth opportunity for tech giants like Tesla, Google, and Amazon in the autonomous vehicle market [1][5][18] - If autonomous driving technology can reduce the cost per mile to $1.5-$2.0, the market size could reach $0.9-$1.2 trillion within 15 years, assuming a 20% penetration rate [1][8] - The cost per mile for current ride-hailing services is around $2.5-$3.0, while private car ownership costs range from $0.70 to $1.06, indicating a substantial price gap that limits the adoption of ride-hailing services [1][6][7] Market Potential - The U.S. total driving mileage is projected to be about 3.3 trillion miles by July 2025, with passenger vehicles accounting for approximately 3 trillion miles after excluding large trucks [2] - In 2024, ride-hailing mileage is expected to remain at only 1% of the total, based on assumptions regarding Uber and Lyft's order distribution and average trip length [5][6] Cost Structure and Profitability - The average cost per mile for private car ownership is significantly lower than that of ride-hailing services, which creates a barrier for consumer adoption [6][7] - A critical threshold for the widespread adoption of autonomous ride-hailing is achieving a cost per mile below $2.00 [7][8] - The report analyzes three business models: ownership, leasing, and agency, detailing the break-even points for each model under various cost scenarios [11][13][15][16] Business Model Analysis - In the ownership model, a cost of $1.95 per mile is needed to maintain a 10% profit margin, assuming a vehicle cost of $75,000 [13] - The leasing model requires a pricing of $2.08 per mile to achieve the same profit margin, with a baseline leasing fee of $0.54 per mile [15] - The agency model necessitates a price of $2.15 per mile to sustain profitability, with a payout to vehicle owners of $1.5 per mile [16] Competitive Landscape - Uber currently holds a market share of 70%-80% in the U.S. ride-hailing market, with projections indicating that even if its share drops to 50%, its order volume could still grow to $589 billion by 2040 [18][21] - The entry of well-funded competitors like Waymo, Tesla, and Zoox poses a risk of market share erosion for Uber [18][27] - The report highlights the potential for a price war among major players, as they may leverage aggressive pricing strategies to capture market share [27] Future Outlook - The report suggests that despite competitive pressures, the ride-hailing industry benefits from significant network effects, which may limit the number of viable competitors and support sustainable profit margins [25] - Early data from California indicates that the presence of autonomous vehicles may expand the overall market rather than cannibalize existing services, as seen with Waymo's growth [26]