当地时间20日至21日，世界贸易组织在瑞士日内瓦召开总理事会2025年度第二次会议。在21日的会议 上，欧盟设置议程批评美国关税措施导致全球贸易碎片化。新加坡、瑞士代表"多边贸易体制之友"倡议 成员设置议程，呼吁强化多边贸易体制，以应对当前贸易动荡局势。欧盟方面表示，美国试图通过关税 这一微观经济工具，解决其国内面临的广泛的宏观经济不平衡问题，是不可取的。所有世贸组织成员都 受到了美国单边关税措施的影响，加之某些措施缺乏透明度，全球贸易正面临不确定性增加、供应链受 阻、经济成本提高、贸易规则碎片化等风险。欧盟提出，要发挥好世贸组织透明度机制作用，双边安排 应符合世贸组织规则，包括世贸组织有关自贸协定规则的规定。"多边贸易体制之友"倡议成员表示，世 贸组织自成立以来发挥了重要作用，提供了开放、透明、可预见和非歧视的全球贸易体制。在当前单边 主义盛行、全球供应链受阻的情况下，成员共同维护和加强世贸组织规则原则、保持相互间贸易开放十 分重要。"多边贸易体制之友"倡议成员呼吁，成员应加强团结合作，通过采取大胆的集体行动和深入推 进世贸组织改革，有效应对当前全球贸易局势。(央视新闻) ...

5月22日，外交部发言人毛宁主持例行记者会。总台央视记者提问：我们注意到，这是东盟—中国—海 合会峰会首次举行。中方认为这次峰会有何特殊意义？对峰会有何期待？毛宁表示，东盟和海湾阿拉伯 国家合作委员会国家都是亚洲新兴经济体和全球南方重要成员，也是共建"一带一路"重要合作伙伴。中 方支持今年东盟轮值主席国马来西亚倡议举办东盟—中国—海合会峰会。在当前国际和地区形势背景 下，三方共商团结合作、发展繁荣大计，促进跨区域的互利合作，具有重要意义。中方期待同东盟、海 合会国家拓展各领域务实合作，实现优势互补、互利共赢，共同维护多边贸易体制，捍卫全球南方共同 利益。(央视新闻) ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses China's proactive stance at the WTO meeting, emphasizing the need for multilateral trade system support and reform in response to unilateral trade measures, particularly from the U.S. [3][8][11] Group 1: China's Proposal and Work Philosophy - China submitted a written proposal titled "Statement on Supporting the Multilateral Trade System under Current Circumstances," expressing concerns over unilateral tariffs and suggesting collective responses from WTO members [3][8]. - The proposed work philosophy is summarized as "Stability First, Development Priority, Reform as the Path" (SDR), advocating for a stable trade environment and deeper WTO reforms [7][10]. Group 2: Key Recommendations from China - Stability First: China calls for unity among members to stabilize trade relations, enhance policy transparency, and ensure adherence to WTO rules to prevent trade tensions from escalating [9][10]. - Development Priority: China urges members to open markets to the least developed countries and support initiatives that provide effective assistance to developing members [10]. - Reform as the Path: China supports comprehensive WTO reforms, addressing contemporary trade issues such as climate change and supply chain resilience, while promoting new rule negotiations [10][11]. Group 3: Global Trade Impact and Responses - Unilateral tariffs and "reciprocal tariffs" are seen as serious threats to the legitimate rights of WTO members, potentially reducing global GDP growth by 0.7% to 7% and disproportionately affecting weaker economies [8][10]. - The WTO spokesperson highlighted that members can utilize the dispute resolution mechanism if they feel WTO rules are violated, indicating a pathway for addressing grievances [4][8]. Group 4: Support from Other Members - China's proposal received widespread resonance among other WTO members, including Brazil, Russia, and Pakistan, who echoed the need to uphold the most-favored-nation principle and strengthen the multilateral trade system [3][8][10]. - The WTO Director-General emphasized the necessity for meaningful reforms, indicating that incremental changes are no longer sufficient to address the challenges facing the organization [13][15].

Core Points - The 15th BRICS Economic Ministers' Meeting was held in Brasília, Brazil, focusing on enhancing practical economic cooperation among member countries [1] - The meeting emphasized the importance of implementing the consensus reached by leaders, particularly in areas such as green minerals, electronic bills of lading, standard cooperation, and digital green transformation [1] - Participants expressed strong concerns over the increase in unilateral tariffs and non-tariff measures, which distort trade and do not align with WTO rules [1] - There was a unanimous agreement among members to jointly uphold the multilateral trading system and resist unilateralism and trade protectionism, while safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of developing members [1]

Core Viewpoint - China proposed a working approach for the WTO centered on "stability first, development prioritized, and reform as the path" to address current trade turbulence and support the multilateral trading system [1][4][5]. Group 1: China's Proposal and Agenda - China submitted a written proposal titled "Statement on Supporting the Multilateral Trading System under Current Circumstances" during the WTO General Council meeting [1]. - The proposal emphasizes the need for collective responses among WTO members to unilateral tariff measures, particularly the U.S. "reciprocal tariffs" [1][4]. - The proposal received widespread resonance from other WTO members, including Brazil, Russia, and Pakistan, who expressed strong concerns about unilateralism and supported China's suggestions for maintaining global trade stability [1]. Group 2: Key Elements of China's Working Approach - **Stability First**: China called for unity among members to stabilize trade relations, enhance transparency in trade policies, and ensure global trade operates within the WTO framework [5][6]. - **Development Prioritized**: China urged members to further open markets to least developed countries and support initiatives that provide effective assistance to developing members [5][6]. - **Reform as the Path**: China supports deepening WTO reforms, focusing on contemporary trade issues such as climate change and supply chain resilience, and promoting new rule negotiations [6][9]. Group 3: Global Economic Impact - Unilateral tariff measures could potentially reduce global GDP growth rates by 0.7 to 7 percentage points, disproportionately affecting weaker economies and least developed countries [4]. - China emphasized the importance of maintaining a rules-based multilateral trading system to counteract the adverse effects of trade tensions [4][6]. Group 4: Support from Other Members - The meeting included supportive statements from Singapore, Switzerland, and the EU, reflecting a consensus among members on the need for reform to protect the multilateral trading system [8][9]. - WTO Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala highlighted the necessity for meaningful reforms to ensure the system's effectiveness in addressing future challenges [9][10].

"体制之友"成员表示，世贸组织自成立以来发挥了重要作用，为全球贸易提供了开放、透明、可预见和 非歧视的全球贸易体制。在当前单边主义盛行、全球供应链受阻的情况下，成员共同维护和加强世贸组 织规则原则、保持相互间贸易开放十分重要。"体制之友"成员呼吁，成员应加强团结合作，通过实行大 胆的集体行动和深入推进世贸组织改革，有效应对当前全球贸易局势。 中方表示，美国"对等关税"严重破坏多边贸易体制，冲击全球经济，损害发展中国家利益。世贸成员应 通过维护和加强世贸组织核心价值和基本原则有效应对美国"对等关税"等单边主义和保护主义冲击。同 时，世贸成员应共同致力推进全球贸易重构，以开放合作重塑受到破坏的产业链供应链，以相互尊重、 互利共赢方式降低贸易壁垒，探索新的贸易增长机会。中方支持提高贸易政策透明度，推进世贸组织改 革；同时，任何双边安排必须符合世贸组织规则原则，不得损害其他成员利益。 （文章来源：央视新闻） 5月20日至21日，世贸组织在瑞士日内瓦召开总理事会2025年度第二次会议。在第二天会议上，欧盟设 置议程批评美国关税措施导致全球贸易碎片化，新加坡、瑞士代表"体制之友"成员设置议程呼吁强化多 边贸易体制以应对当 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Director of the National Development and Reform Commission, Zheng Zhaojie, emphasizes that China's economic foundation is solid, resilient, and has great potential, with a long-term positive trend that remains unchanged despite global uncertainties [1][2]. Group 1: Economic Cooperation - China and Indonesia are entering a new phase of cooperation under the strategic guidance of their leaders, focusing on building a "five-pillar" cooperation framework [1]. - The two countries have strong economic complementarity and potential for cooperation, with plans to enhance policy collaboration and promote major projects like the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway [1][2]. - There is a commitment to jointly cultivate new growth points in the economy, such as artificial intelligence, and to deepen practical cooperation across multiple fields for mutual benefit [1][2]. Group 2: Economic Development - Zheng Zhaojie introduced the current state of China's economic development, highlighting a strong start in the first quarter of the year, driven by new growth momentum and the release of domestic demand potential [2]. - China aims to continuously inject new momentum into global economic development and welcomes Indonesia to share in the development opportunities and benefits [2]. - Both countries express a desire to oppose unilateralism and uphold international fairness and justice, as well as to maintain the stability of global industrial and supply chains [2].

以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体制是国际贸易的基石，在全球经济治理中发挥着重要作用。 美国政府推出的所谓"对等关税"政策违背世贸组织规则，不仅引发国际社会广泛批评，也暴露出美方在 全球化时代逆潮流而动的战略误判。 中国作为负责任大国，始终是多边贸易体制的坚定维护者。贸易战、关税战没有赢家，保护主义没有出 路。以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体制是国际贸易的基石，在全球经济治理中发挥着重要作用。各 方应在世界贸易组织框架下通过平等对话解决分歧和争端，共同维护多边主义和自由贸易，促进全球产 业链供应链稳定畅通。 （本文作者为对外经贸大学国家对外开放研究院、法学院教授 纪文华） 美国关税政策本质上缺乏理性，背离国际社会共识。深入分析可见，其核心是出于政治选票考量的经济 讹诈：美国政府将关税工具化，用以巩固特定选民群体支持，以短期选举利益凌驾于经济规律之上，已 遭美国国内智库、行业协会和跨国企业的普遍反对。彼得森国际经济研究所指出，惩罚性关税若长期施 行，将使美国制造业成本上升，并推高消费者价格指数。国际社会对美国的经贸单边主义形成的抵制浪 潮印证了"得道多助，失道寡助"的基本规律，也体现了各国维护多边贸易体制的共同意 ...

中国与东盟十国全面完成中国—东盟自贸区3.0版谈判 5月20日，中国—东盟经贸部长特别会议以线上方式举行，双方经贸部长共同宣布全面完成中国—东盟自贸区3.0版 谈判。 3.0版谈判于2022年11月启动，历经近两年时间、9轮正式谈判，于2024年10月实质性结束。在各国经贸部长全力协调 和共同推动下，双方全面完成谈判，向签署升级议定书的目标又迈出关键一步。 中国—东盟经贸部长特别会议以视频形式举行 5月20日，商务部部长王文涛以视频形式与东盟轮值主席国马来西亚贸工部长扎夫鲁共同主持召开中国—东盟经贸部 长特别会议。东盟十国经贸主管部门负责人、东盟秘书长等出席会议，东帝汶贸工部长作为观察员参会。会议就支 持多边贸易体制、共同应对全球贸易紧张局势、加强中国—东盟经贸合作深入交换意见，达成重要共识。 王文涛指出，近期个别经济体滥施所谓"对等关税"、实施经济霸凌，严重破坏国际贸易体系，给世界经济带来高度 不确定性。有关做法不符合经济规律，违反市场原则，中方绝不接受、坚决反对。中方始终认为，贸易战、关税战 没有赢家，单边主义、保护主义没有出路，极端施压和威胁不是同各国交往的正确方式。 王文涛表示，中国与东盟是山水相依、 ...

中国—东盟经贸部长特别会议以视频形式举行 金十数据5月21日讯，5月20日，商务部部长王文涛以视频形式与东盟轮值主席国马来西亚贸工部长扎夫 鲁共同主持召开中国—东盟经贸部长特别会议。东盟十国经贸主管部门负责人、东盟秘书长等出席会 议，东帝汶贸工部长作为观察员参会。会议就支持多边贸易体制、共同应对全球贸易紧张局势、加强中 国—东盟经贸合作深入交换意见，达成重要共识。王文涛指出，近期个别经济体滥施所谓"对等关税"、 实施经济霸凌，严重破坏国际贸易体系，给世界经济带来高度不确定性。有关做法不符合经济规律，违 反市场原则，中方绝不接受、坚决反对。中方始终认为，贸易战、关税战没有赢家，单边主义、保护主 义没有出路，极端施压和威胁不是同各国交往的正确方式。 ...