Core Viewpoint - The Euro to USD exchange rate is stabilizing around 1.1746, with market sentiment cautious ahead of key events, particularly the European Central Bank's (ECB) monetary policy meeting on December 18, where it is widely expected to maintain the benchmark interest rate at 2% [1] Group 1: ECB Policy Outlook - Market expectations have shifted, with over 60% of economists predicting the ECB will raise interest rates next, contrasting with previous expectations of easing, driven by inflation trends approaching the 2% target [2] - ECB President Lagarde indicated that current monetary policy is at an "appropriate level" and there is no need for rate adjustments, while also hinting at potential upward revisions to economic growth forecasts [1][2] Group 2: Economic Data Analysis - Eurozone economic data shows a mixed picture, with December business activity growth slowing for the second consecutive month; manufacturing PMI dropped to 49.2, indicating contraction, while services PMI remained in expansion at 52.6 [2] - In the US, November non-farm payrolls showed mixed results with job additions of 64,000 exceeding expectations, but the unemployment rate rose to 4.6%, the highest in recent years, indicating a slowdown in economic recovery [2] Group 3: Currency Dynamics - The recent "hawkish rate cut" signal from the Federal Reserve after its third rate cut of the year has created a policy divergence that supports the Euro against the USD [2] - The nominal strength of the Euro has raised concerns, as its real strength is at historical highs, potentially impacting Eurozone export competitiveness and posing challenges to ECB policy [2] Group 4: Technical Analysis - The Euro to USD exchange rate maintains a positive short-term structure, trading above the 20, 50, and 200-period moving averages, with a core trading range identified between 1.1730 and 1.1790 [3] - Key resistance levels are noted between 1.1790 and 1.1800, with a potential target of 1.1840 if this resistance is breached; upcoming ECB decisions and US economic data will be critical for determining future price movements [3]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Copper: Cautiously Bullish [6] - Arbitrage: On Hold [7] - Options: Short Put [7] 2. Core View of the Report The December Fed FOMC meeting cut interest rates by 25 basis points as expected, and copper prices remained strong. The closing out of short hedging positions at the end of the year also pushed copper prices higher. However, these factors will gradually fade next week, so the continuous sharp rise of copper prices may slow down. It is recommended to buy on dips for hedging, with the suggested range between 90,500 yuan/ton and 91,000 yuan/ton [6][7]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Market News and Important Data Futures Quotes On December 16, 2025, the main SHFE copper contract opened at 93,500 yuan/ton and closed at 91,920 yuan/ton, down 0.52% from the previous trading day's close. The overnight session opened at 92,210 yuan/ton and closed at 91,830 yuan/ton, down 0.10% from the afternoon close [1]. Spot Situation SMM's 1 electrolytic copper spot was quoted at a discount of 180 - 70 yuan/ton to the next - month 2601 contract, with an average discount of 125 yuan/ton, down 185 yuan from the previous day. The spot price ranged from 91,320 - 92,030 yuan/ton. Sellers were eager to sell, but buyers were reluctant to buy, leading to a continuous decline in spot premiums and light trading. After the 2512 contract was settled, spot is expected to remain at a large discount [2]. Important Information Summary - **Macro and Geopolitical**: In November, the US added 64,000 non - farm payrolls, higher than the expected 50,000, but the unemployment rate rose to 4.6%, the highest since September 2021. The average hourly wage increased by 3.5% year - on - year, the lowest since May 2021. The data strengthened the Fed's loose monetary policy path [3]. - **Economic Indicators**: The preliminary US S&P Global Manufacturing PMI in December dropped to 51.8, a 5 - month low. The Services PMI dropped from 54.1 to 52.9, and the Composite PMI dropped to 53, all 6 - month lows [3]. - **Mine End**: Exploration company Kavango Resources started evaluating strategic options for its Kalahari copper belt interests in Botswana, including potential joint - venture partners. The review is in the early stage, and the outcome is uncertain. The company's copper assets in Botswana cover about 6,200 square kilometers, and early exploration results are encouraging [4]. - **Smelting and Import**: In November, China's electrolytic copper production increased by 9.7% year - on - year to 1.103 million tons, while the import of unwrought copper and copper products decreased by 2.5% month - on - month to 427,000 tons due to the narrowing price difference. The cumulative import of copper ore concentrates increased by 8% year - on - year to 27.614 million tons. Codelco's 2026 refined copper annual contract premium soared by 275% compared to 2025, driving spot purchases to non - US regions, and LME copper inventories dropped to a record low of 165,800 tons [5]. - **Consumption**: In November 2025, China's copper industry prosperity index was 39.7, down 2.0 points from the previous month, remaining in the "normal" range. The leading index was 73.4, down 2.1 points, and the coincident index was 74.3, down 3.6 points [5]. - **Inventory and Warehouse Receipts**: LME warehouse receipts decreased by 25 tons to 166,600 tons. SHFE warehouse receipts increased by 3,558 tons to 45,784 tons. On December 16, the domestic electrolytic copper spot inventory was 164,500 tons, up 1,500 tons from the previous week [5]. Strategy - **Copper**: Cautiously bullish. It is recommended to buy on dips for hedging, with the suggested range between 90,500 yuan/ton and 91,000 yuan/ton [6][7]. - **Arbitrage**: On hold [7]. - **Options**: Short put [7].

凌晨时分，华盛顿的美联储主席鲍威尔合上了经济报告，他刚刚又调低了利率。与此同时，远在宾夕法尼亚的特朗普面对欢呼的人群，声称自己和中国达成 了"数万亿美元的大买卖"。 加拿大制造商和出口商协会在今年九月的声明中提到，制造业是受美国关税政策冲击最厉害的行业之一。 2025年12月13日凌晨，全球经济数据接连崩盘，就像多米诺骨牌一样倒向地面。瑞士联邦经济事务秘书处公布的报告显示，第三季度的经济规模出现了自 2020年新冠疫情爆发以来最大的下滑。 政府官员直言，最近对外贸易的剧烈波动跟美国新关税政策脱不了干系，化工和制药行业的产量也掉得挺厉害的。 差不多同一时间，日本内阁府出来的数据显示，第三季度经济也跟着缩水，出口减少变成了拉低整体经济的主要原因。 北美那边，墨西哥经济也在这段时间开始缩减。专家们说，特朗普政府那反复变来变去的贸易政策，搞得企业心凉了，投资的劲头也被压住了，结果弄得墨 西哥经济不好干。 巴西咖啡农们现在是真的遇到了一次空前的难题。从今年八月开始，到十一月中旬，巴西出口到美国的咖啡得交50%的高额关税，挺让人头疼的。 巴西咖啡出口商协会主席费雷拉说，这关税让巴西咖啡"简直没法出口到那边去了"。数据也显 ...

Q&A 如何看待近期债市的波动及其背后的逻辑？ 近期债市的波动主要围绕政治局会议和中央经济工作会议后的市场再定价展开。 经济工作会议公布后，市场交易情绪明显积极，但随后出现部分回吐。这反映 出当前市场对财政货币政策预期差及其传导路径已发生显著变化。传统上，财 政发力与否直接影响实物工作量预期，从而影响经济增长速度，并最终决定货 币政策状态。然而，目前财政动作更多是为了化解债务，而非增加政府支出或 基础建设投资。因此，债券供给直接决定收益率定价，而不是通过复杂的传导 链条。 12 月份最后两周是财政集中支出期，但资金最紧张时点通常在 12 月中 旬。本周税期窗口期资金面偏紧，年末财政支出增加或缓解压力。中小 机构年末有兑现服务需求，但指引行为可能提前结束。 当前十年和 30 年国债利差为 40BP，短期内大幅偏离概率较低。若十年 国债波动区间为 1.8%-1.85%，则 30 年国债对应区间为 2.18%- 2.27%。30 年国债在 2.50%附近是较好的入场点，可能吸引外围资金。 央行近期投放边际超额幅度不大，6 个月边际利率可能维持当前水平， 存单收益率预计维持在 1.65%左右。交易逻辑应从供给和市场预 ...

贝森特很乐观，因为美国这么折腾之下，预计2025年全年GDP增速将达到惊人的3.5%！我们先不说通胀、逆差、美债之类的老生常谈的问题，仅就 美国现在这个经济体量，又是消费主导的经济体现况而言，我不得不感慨一句：美国的经济韧性确实是强，有效需求确定是旺，所以投资下去的赚 钱效应明显，这种全世界唱衰，"明天就要崩盘"的预期下，一年下去，GDP涨了3.5%，也算经济史的奇迹2.0！ 我们现在一起来看下昨天美国经济数据的一锅炖：美国11月非农就业人口增加6.4万人，高于市场预期的5万人；但失业率却意外升至4.6%，创下 2021年9月以来的新高！美国10月零售销售环比持平，略低于预期的0.1%增长！美国12月标普全球制造业PMI初值下滑至51.8，创5个月新低！这些 数据，似乎都在说：美国经济在高利率环境下"内部疲软因素上升"！ 我们接下去就简单分析下： 一、就业市场：结构性问题 美国11月非农看似延续就业市场韧性，但失业率却意外攀升至4.6%，创下2021年9月以来的新高，同时前期数据大幅下修，10月非农就业从初值修正 为减少10.5万人，较预期的下降2.5万超出四倍，8月和9月合计下修3.3万人。这种"新增就业与 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report The overall economic situation shows a mixed picture. The external demand has improved, and prices have generally increased, but domestic demand is still bottom - seeking. Policies are expected to be more active in 2026 to support economic recovery, and the bond market is expected to have opportunities. Multiple institutions are optimistic about the continued rebound of Chinese assets in 2026 [24][25][30]. Summary by Directory 1. Macro Data - GDP in Q3 2025 grew at a 4.8% year - on - year rate, lower than the previous quarter's 5.2% but higher than the 4.6% of the same period last year [1]. - In November 2025, the manufacturing PMI was 49.2%, the non - manufacturing PMI for business activities was 49.5%, both showing certain trends compared to previous periods [1]. - Social financing scale in November 2025 was not provided, with previous values of 24,885 billion yuan and 8,161 billion yuan, and the same - period value last year of 23,288 billion yuan [1]. - CPI in November 2025 increased by 0.7% year - on - year, and PPI decreased by 2.2% year - on - year [1]. - Fixed - asset investment (excluding rural households) from January to November 2025 had a cumulative year - on - year decline of 2.6%, and the social consumer goods retail total had a cumulative year - on - year increase of 4.0% [1]. - Exports in November 2025 increased by 5.9% year - on - year, and imports increased by 1.9% year - on - year [1]. 2. Commodity Investment Reference Comprehensive - In 2026, expanding domestic demand is the top priority, and efforts will be made to boost consumption from both supply and demand sides. The real estate market will be stabilized from both supply and demand ends [2]. - Anti - dumping duties of 4.9% - 19.8% will be imposed on imported pork and pork by - products from the EU starting from December 17, 2025, for a period of 5 years [2]. - On December 16, 2025, 42 domestic commodity varieties had positive basis, and 25 had negative basis [2]. Metals - Copper prices soared to a record high, partly due to the large - scale copper hoarding by the US. The LME's three - month copper price reached a high of $11,952 per ton last Friday, currently around $11,626 per ton, up about 33% this year [4]. - On December 15, 2025, zinc, lead, tin, and copper inventories reached new highs, while nickel and aluminum inventories decreased [5]. - Morgan Stanley expects nickel prices to rebound to around $15,500 per ton in 2026 [5]. - Goldman Sachs raised its forecast for the average copper price in 2026 from $10,650 to $11,400 per ton, and there is a 55% probability that the Trump administration will announce a 15% copper import tariff in the first half of 2026, which may take effect in 2027 and increase to 30% in 2028 [6]. Coal, Coke, Steel, and Minerals - A series of measures to rectify the "involution - style" competition in the steel industry are being implemented, and the upstream coke and iron ore prices have declined [7]. - Yichun plans to cancel 27 mining licenses, including Jiangte Motor's Yifeng County Shiziling Lithium - bearing Porcelain Stone Mine [7]. - Rio Tinto will launch the first phase of a project in Western Australia, with an estimated iron ore production of 50 million tons per year by 2030 [8]. - Japan will cooperate with Malaysia in the exploration and development of rare earth and other mineral resources [8]. - In November 2025, Brazilian steel sales decreased by 3.5% year - on - year to 1.748 million tons. It is expected that in 2026, exports will decrease by 0.6% to 10.18 million tons, and imports will increase by 3.9% to 6.65 million tons [8]. - As of early December 2025, the prices of coke and coking coal in the circulation field declined [8]. Energy and Chemicals - The National Energy Administration will strengthen energy supervision and ensure the safety of the energy and power system in 2026 [9]. - Hungary signed a 5 - year LNG procurement agreement with Chevron for a total of 2 billion cubic meters [9]. - Last week, US API crude oil inventories decreased by 9.322 million barrels, exceeding expectations [9]. - The price discount of Venezuelan Merey crude oil widened to a $21 - per - barrel discount compared to Brent crude oil [9]. - JP Morgan will seek about $14 billion in funds for Argentina's LNG export project [9]. Agricultural Products - The Indian market regulatory body will propose to relax commodity derivatives rules, cancel the ban on agricultural product derivatives trading, and reduce margin requirements [10]. - As of December 14, 2025, EU's 2025/26 soft wheat exports were 10.5 million tons, barley exports were 5 million tons, corn imports were 7.5 million tons, and soybean meal imports were 8.3 million tons [10]. 3. Financial News Compilation Open Market - On December 16, 2025, the central bank conducted 135.3 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations, with a net investment of 18 billion yuan [11]. Key News - In 2026, expanding domestic demand is the top priority, and efforts will be made to boost consumption from both supply and demand sides. The real estate market will be stabilized from both supply and demand ends [12]. - The National Development and Reform Commission will take measures to stabilize bulk consumption, improve the social security system, and promote a fair market order [12]. - Shenzhen will prevent and resolve financial risks, support the reform of the GEM, and enhance the competitiveness of the capital market [13]. - In 2026, the central bank will continue to implement a moderately loose monetary policy and maintain financial market stability [13]. - The market expects the fiscal deficit rate in 2026 to be no less than 4% [14]. - BofA Securities expects the downward trend of the mainland real estate market to bottom out in 2026 [14]. - Vanke will hold a bondholder meeting to discuss the adjusted extension plan for "22 Vanke MTN004" [14]. - On December 16, 2025, the on - shore and off - shore RMB exchange rates against the US dollar reached new highs in 14 months, and the RMB is expected to appreciate moderately in 2026 [15]. - As of December 16, 2025, commercial banks issued 58 green financial bonds, with a total issuance scale of 458.2 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of over 202% [15]. - The EU plans to issue about 90 billion euros in bonds in the first half of 2026 [15]. - The US Treasury Secretary is optimistic about the US economic outlook, expecting a 3.5% GDP growth in 2025 [16]. - In November 2025, the US added 64,000 non - farm jobs, but the unemployment rate rose to 4.6% [16]. Bond Market Review - Bond market sentiment improved slightly. Yields of major inter - bank interest - bearing bonds mostly declined slightly, and Treasury bond futures showed a differentiated trend [19]. - In the exchange - traded bond market, Vanke bonds generally rose, and the Wande Real Estate Bond 30 Index rose 0.58%, while the Wande High - Yield Urban Investment Bond Index fell 0.06% [19]. - The CSI Convertible Bond Index fell 0.72% to 478.64 points, with a trading volume of 55.556 billion yuan [20]. - On December 16, 2025, most money market interest rates rose, and Shibor short - term varieties showed a differentiated performance [20][21]. - Inter - bank repurchase fixed - rate bonds generally declined, and silver - silver inter - bank repurchase fixed - rate bonds showed a differentiated performance [21]. - The winning yields of Agricultural Development Bank's 2 - year financial bonds were 1.5899% and 1.6039% respectively [22]. - Most European and US bond yields declined [22]. Foreign Exchange Market - On December 16, 2025, the on - shore RMB exchange rate against the US dollar rose 80 points, and the RMB central parity rate against the US dollar rose 54 points [23]. - In New York, the US dollar index fell 0.06%, and most non - US currencies showed mixed performance [23]. Research Report Highlights - Huatai Fixed Income believes that in November 2025, external demand improved, prices rose, but domestic demand continued to bottom - seek. It is recommended to wait for opportunities in the bond market [24]. - Guosheng Fixed Income believes that in November 2025, the economy was weak in both production and demand. The bond market is expected to stabilize and start a trend - like market in the second half of the first quarter of 2026 [25]. - CICC Fixed Income believes that the November 2025 economic data was below expectations, and the bond market is expected to perform well in 2026. It is recommended to pay attention to the allocation opportunities from the end of this year to the first quarter of next year [25]. - CITIC Securities believes that the November 2025 economic data declined in both supply and demand. Policies in 2026 will be more coordinated and focused on implementation effects [26]. - Changjiang Fixed Income believes that the net investment of repurchase in December 2025 decreased. The money market may face some fluctuations due to tax payments [26]. - Xingzheng Fixed Income believes that credit bond ETFs should focus on product returns and consider individual bond attributes in portfolio selection [27]. 4. Stock Market Key News - On the day, the A - share market declined unilaterally, with nearly 4,300 stocks falling. The Shanghai Composite Index fell 1.11% to 3,824.81 points, and the market turnover was 1.75 trillion yuan [29]. - The Hong Kong Hang Seng Index fell 1.54% to 25,235.41 points, and the trading volume decreased slightly [29]. - Multiple institutions believe that Chinese assets have the basis for a continuous rebound in 2026, and overseas long - term funds have been flowing into the Chinese stock market since 2025 [30].

Group 1: Monetary Policy and Economic Outlook - The monetary policy in 2026 will continue to align with fiscal measures, supporting debt sustainability and fiscal health [2] - Interest rate cuts in 2026 may remain restrained due to reduced urgency from anti-involution trends [2] - The international economic struggle will have financial implications, particularly for the internationalization of the RMB amid intensified US-China tensions [2][13] Group 2: Misunderstandings about "Deposit Migration" - There are three main misunderstandings regarding "deposit migration": underestimating excess savings, the speed of market entry, and the investment attributes of excess savings [3][15] - The potential scale of household savings entering the stock market could exceed one trillion yuan, driven by a significant increase in excess savings [3][15] - The speed of funds entering the market may be underestimated due to reliance on non-bank deposit tracking, which does not accurately reflect the migration of household funds [3][15] Group 3: Huahai Pharmaceutical (600521) Insights - Huahai Pharmaceutical integrates raw materials and formulations, establishing a solid foundation for growth, with a projected revenue of 5.759 billion yuan in 2024 [4][14] - The company is focusing on innovative drug development in immunology and oncology, with over 70 patents filed and several projects in clinical stages [4][18] - The target market capitalization for Huahai Pharmaceutical is estimated at 34.4 billion yuan, indicating a potential upside of 30.04% [4][18] Group 4: Zhongxin Innovation (03931) Overview - Zhongxin Innovation is positioned to benefit from the growing demand for energy storage and electric vehicle batteries, with a revenue of 16.4 billion yuan in the first half of 2025 [19][20] - The company is expanding its market share and enhancing its product offerings, with a focus on high-end battery products and a global production network [19][20] - The projected net profit for Zhongxin Innovation is expected to grow significantly, reaching 3.84 billion yuan by 2027 [20]

（来源：领盛Optivest） 基本面总结： 1．澳大利亚12月PMI初值呈现分化，综合扩张动能创7个月新低。 2025年12月16日，标普全球公布的澳大利亚12月PMI初值数据显示，该国私营部门经济呈现明显分化态势，综合PMI扩张动能有所放缓。具体来看，制造 业PMI初值由11月的51.6升至52.2，延续扩张态势且增速小幅加快，主要得益于商品新订单的增长以及强劲的商品出口表现，有效抵消了服务业出口的疲 软；而服务业商业活动指数则从52.8回落至51.0，增速明显放缓成为拖累整体经济扩张节奏的主要因素。受服务业表现疲软影响，综合PMI初值由前值 52.6降至51.1，尽管连续第15个月保持在50荣枯线以上的扩张区间，但已创下7个月来的最低增速。 从市场核心观察点来看，12月澳大利亚民企整体新订单仍保持稳固增加，为产出增长提供了基础，只是整体增长率较前期有所放缓。就业市场方面，企业 为应对现有工作量持续增聘员工，就业数据保持增长态势。企业信心层面表现亮眼，信心指数升至6月以来的最高水平，显示出企业对未来产出前景的乐 观预期。不过，行业内部积压工作情况呈现分化，制造业积压工作有所增加，但服务业积压已连续第8个月 ...

1、美股周二收盘，道指跌0.6%，标普500指数跌0.13%，纳指跌0.19%；特斯拉涨3%创历史新高，英伟 达涨近1%，Circle涨近10%；纳斯达克中国金龙指数收跌0.34%，网易跌近2%。 2、国际油价收跌， WTI原油 期货失守55美元/桶，日内跌幅达3.22%；布伦特原油失守59美元/桶，日内跌幅2.70%；上期所 原油期货夜盘收跌2.24%。 3、沪金主力合约夜盘收跌0.14%；金价在美国11月非农就业报告后出现一波 反弹行情。 4、美国11月失业率创4年新高，录得4.6%，失业人数为780万；11月季调后非农就业人口录 得6.4万人，高于预期；10月非农就业人数减少10.5万人，为2020年底以来最大降幅。 5、美国威胁拟对 欧盟公司就数字税问题采取反制，点名埃森哲、西门子和Spotify等企业，称若欧盟继续限制美国数字服 务提供商竞争力，将动用一切可用工具反制，可能考虑收取费用和限制对外服务。 6、特朗普将于当地 时间周三面试美联储理事沃勒，此前已面试前美联储理事凯文·沃什，两人是其最青睐的美联储主席候 选人；特朗普还将于美东时间周三晚上9点发表全国讲话，或预告新年政策。 7、美国至12月1 ...

● 本报记者 彭扬 ——看总量，始终保持流动性充裕。央行综合运用降准、国债买卖公开市场操作等多种货币政策工具， 构建起短期、中期、长期相结合的流动性供给体系，保持社会融资条件相对宽松。 支持性货币政策显效 2025年，央行着力实施好适度宽松的货币政策，从量价两端持续为实体经济注入金融活水。 货币政策工具精准发力、有序落地：5月，央行实施降准50个基点，释放长期流动性约1万亿元；10月， 央行恢复公开市场国债买卖操作……一系列举措有效地巩固了流动性充裕的格局，金融活水源源不断地 流向实体经济，为经济延续稳中有进态势提供坚实的金融支撑。 ——看价格，社会综合融资成本处于历史低位。政策发力既有政策利率牵引，也有精准滴灌。5月，央 行下调7天期逆回购利率，为贷款利率下行创造条件。同时，央行下调结构性货币政策工具利率和公积 金贷款利率，进一步拓宽利率下调的覆盖范围，增强政策支持力度。 数据印证了政策的实效。11月，企业新发放贷款（本外币）加权平均利率约为3.1%，比上年同期低约 30个基点；个人住房新发放贷款（本外币）加权平均利率约为3.1%，比上年同期低约3个基点。企业融 资和居民信贷成本均保持低位运行。 "继续实施 ...