展望"十五五"，虽然很多成熟产业和夕阳产业面临转型压力，但科技革命带来的经济增长正为长期牛市 注入核心动力。 这一增长将以股价和指数上涨的方式实现。 对中国资本市场而言，2024年9月24日是一个真正的"分水岭"，其意义应超过1999年的"5·19"与2005年 股权分置改革。自此以后，人们普遍认为长期牛市已上升为国家意志，资本市场也被正式纳入宏观调 控。 如今，中国资本市场牛市格局基本形成，但深层次问题依然存在：长期牛市需要什么样的经济基本面和 货币流动性环境支持？需要怎样的监管环境和社会认知环境？如何让"中国牛"跨越"十四五"、穿越"十 五五"？ "十五五"牛市的经济基本面条件 任何国家的资本市场牛市都不能脱离经济基本面，但是我们不能简单把支持牛市的经济基本面等同于 GDP高增长。 有的增长模式，虽然GDP增速很快，但是大部分增长成果与资本市场无关。还有的增长模式，甚至以牺 牲资本市场投资者为代价。这样的经济基本面，就算增长数字再好看，也不会带来长期牛市。 有的经济体，虽然GDP增速不高，但其大部分增长成果能转变为投资者回报，自然能够有牛市。 除了宽松的货币流动性，利率也在不断下降，中国应继续大幅降息并认 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles indicates that the British pound is more significantly affected by large capital flows compared to the Japanese yen or euro, exhibiting price volatility that is unexpectedly high [1][3] - Morgan Stanley's analysts found that the pound's liquidity is lower, making it less effective at absorbing large market capital flows, which can lead to greater price fluctuations [1][3] - The report highlights that capital flows play a crucial role in currency exchange rate movements, challenging the traditional view that these movements are primarily driven by cross-border trade [3] Group 2 - According to the latest data from the Bank for International Settlements, the euro and yen account for approximately 31% and 17% of currency trading, respectively, while the pound accounts for about 13% [1] - The analysis suggests that trading location and timing can significantly impact the price levels of the pound, particularly during late trading sessions in London [3] - The findings are based on trading costs derived from hypothetical client orders placed in the exchange market, collected during peak liquidity periods in the forex market [3]

Core Viewpoint - The legalization of stablecoins in the U.S. through the "Genius Act" is seen as a strategic move to enhance the liquidity of the dollar and potentially increase its dominance in the global market [1][2][3]. Group 1: Stablecoin Legitimization - The "Genius Act" passed by the U.S. House of Representatives signifies the formal acceptance of stablecoins, moving them from a gray area to a regulated status [1][3]. - The act is interpreted as a tool for the U.S. to solidify the dollar's supremacy and ensure its share in global dollar payments [5][6]. Group 2: Liquidity Implications - The relationship between the dollar and stablecoins suggests that one dollar can generate multiple dollars in purchasing power through the issuance of stablecoins [24][28]. - The potential for stablecoins to create a multiplier effect on the dollar's purchasing power could lead to a significant increase in liquidity, estimated to reach $4 trillion from a stablecoin market of $2 trillion within three years [42]. Group 3: Impact on Monetary Policy - The introduction of stablecoins may allow the U.S. government to bypass traditional monetary policy mechanisms, effectively creating a "shadow central bank" that operates similarly to the Federal Reserve [31][40]. - The shift in the issuance of currency from the Federal Reserve to stablecoin issuers could lead to a scenario where stablecoins replace the dollar, diminishing the need for the Federal Reserve's involvement [39][40]. Group 4: Market Effects - The influx of liquidity from stablecoins is expected to impact asset prices significantly, potentially leading to bubbles in dollar-denominated assets [48][50]. - The U.S. government's strategy of leveraging stablecoins for debt issuance may have long-term implications for global capital markets, particularly for countries reliant on dollar transactions [46][47].

Domestic Aspects - Economic data for August shows low operating rates for midstream products, indicating continued effects of anti-involution policies, while upstream operating rates are stronger than last year, suggesting a rebound in infrastructure investment [1][3] - The week of August 10 saw a significant rebound in container and cargo throughput, exceeding historical levels, indicating continued support for exports [3][7] - The central bank's liquidity tightening intentions may be indicated if the DR007 rate rises above 1.5%, aligning with previous statements about addressing the misalignment of monetary policies between China and the US [1][3][7] - The RMB exchange rate is expected to appreciate, potentially returning to the 6 range, which would enhance the attractiveness of Chinese assets [1][3][7] Overseas Aspects - The US July PPI data may lead the Federal Reserve to lock in a 25 basis point rate cut in September, with the Jackson Hole meeting being a key observation window [4][8] - High PPI and weak CPI suggest that US businesses are absorbing most of the tariff costs, indicating a delayed transmission of inflation to consumer prices [4][8] - The US tariff policies are aimed at boosting domestic investment, with potential new legislation from Trump to enhance election prospects before the midterm elections [4][8] - A meeting between Trump and Putin on August 15 resulted in positive statements, possibly driven by political performance pressures [4][8] Monetary Liquidity Tracking - The overall liquidity remains loose, with a slight increase in benchmark rates and positive net financing for government bonds [5][13] - The average weekly DR001 and DR007 rates have increased, indicating a tightening in the money market [14] - Government bond issuance is set to rise significantly next week, reflecting a decrease in pressure on government debt [15] Major Asset Performance - The A-share market saw a significant increase, with the Shanghai Composite Index closing below 3700 [22] - The US stock market indices showed upward trends, while the bond market experienced adjustments [27] - Commodity prices for gold and crude oil have declined, while the RMB exchange rate remained stable against the dollar [27]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that the legalization of stablecoins in the U.S. represents a significant shift in monetary policy, potentially allowing for increased liquidity and a new form of currency management that could rival the Federal Reserve [1][2][40]. - The "Genius Act," which has been passed by the U.S. House of Representatives, is essentially a stablecoin bill that legitimizes stablecoins, moving them from a gray market to a regulated financial instrument [3][4]. - The article suggests that the introduction of stablecoins could double or even multiply the purchasing power of the dollar, as one dollar can generate multiple stablecoins, leading to increased liquidity in the market [6][24][28]. Group 2 - The relationship between stablecoins and U.S. Treasury bonds is emphasized, indicating that stablecoins will likely be backed by U.S. debt rather than just the dollar itself, which could change the dynamics of currency issuance [13][14][37]. - The article discusses the potential for stablecoins to act as a "shadow central bank," allowing the U.S. government to issue currency without direct reliance on the Federal Reserve, thus altering the traditional monetary policy landscape [31][39]. - It is projected that the U.S. stablecoin market could grow from $200 billion to $2 trillion in three years, leading to an estimated $4 trillion in liquidity, which could significantly impact asset prices across the board [42][44].

Core Viewpoint - The legalization of stablecoins in the U.S. through the "Genius Act" is seen as a strategic move to enhance the liquidity of the dollar and potentially increase its dominance in the global market [1][2][3]. Group 1: Stablecoin Legitimization - The "Genius Act" passed by the U.S. House of Representatives signifies the formal acceptance of stablecoins, moving them from a gray area to a regulated status [1][3]. - The act is interpreted as a tool for the U.S. to solidify the dollar's supremacy and ensure its share in global payments [5][6]. Group 2: Liquidity Implications - The relationship between the dollar and stablecoins suggests that one dollar can generate multiple dollars in purchasing power through the issuance of stablecoins [24][28]. - The mechanism of stablecoins allows for a dollar to be used for transactions while simultaneously being used to purchase U.S. Treasury bonds, effectively doubling its utility [25][26]. Group 3: Impact on Monetary Policy - The introduction of stablecoins could lead to a scenario where the U.S. Treasury can issue debt without direct reliance on the Federal Reserve, potentially altering the dynamics of monetary policy [39][40]. - The expected growth of the stablecoin market from $200 billion to $2 trillion in three years could result in at least $4 trillion in liquidity, significantly impacting asset prices [42]. Group 4: Market Consequences - The influx of liquidity from stablecoins may create new wealth opportunities in certain assets but also risks inflating asset bubbles, particularly in dollar-denominated assets [48][49]. - The potential for the U.S. to shift towards stablecoins as a primary currency raises questions about the future necessity of the dollar [39][40].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Views - Economic cycle: Tariff easing does not slow the cycle. Assuming the Fed's monetary policy remains cautious in the short - term (before the August central bank annual meeting), the constrained monetary liquidity (-0.42) is unlikely to change. After the short - term rebound of production and consumption indicators, the macro - economy may return to the cycle adjustment state. The real economic cycle has been more positive than expected since November 2024. As risk events land in the second and third quarters, the cycle bottoming process is expected to accelerate. The short - term economic cycle, especially the overseas economic cycle, is downgraded, and attention should be paid to the impact of the macro - demand decline on asset prices in the third quarter [8]. - Macro strategy: The US dollar may have only weakened temporarily in the first half of the year due to policy fluctuations and will turn to a safe - haven - driven rise in the second half as trade risks materialize. Gold's rise is cautious as the economic contraction effect of Tariff War 2.0 remains to be seen. The "Big Beautiful" bill expands the total scale of US Treasury bonds, and fiscal sustainability depends more on changes in interest - rate expectations. Interest rates may turn neutral from rising in the third quarter. A - shares have long - term attractiveness, and the yield curve should be steepened strategically after risks subside [9][10][11]. Summary by Directory Real Economic State: Tariff Easing Does Not Slow the Cycle - Short - term economic heat has rebounded. Production (+0.70) has improved month - on - month, and consumption (-0.02) has also significantly recovered (+0.37). However, forward - looking indicators and price - type indicators suggest that the macro - cycle has not improved significantly. With the Fed's cautious policy in the short - term, the constrained monetary liquidity (-0.44) is unlikely to change, and the macro - economy may return to adjustment after the short - term rebound [16]. Economic Growth: Short - term Inventory Replenishment Brings Resilience - Since mid - 2022, the global macro - cycle has been under pressure. As of May 2025, the global manufacturing PMI heat value is - 0.51 (-0.09), still in an "unfavorable" state. Except for Europe, the global macro - economic climate has slowed or declined to varying degrees [19][20]. Inflation: The Sound of Asset Price Bursting - The downward trend of macro - prices continues. Since August 2024, the global inflation heat value has been in a "cold" state. As of May 2025, it is - 0.47, up 0.11 percentage points month - on - month, and the risk of price adjustment remains. In June, there was a short - term rapid price increase, which may signal a cycle change [21][23]. Market Cycle Pricing: Focus on RMB Assets - The market's downward pricing remains unchanged. The real economic cycle has been more positive than expected since November 2024. As risk events land in 2025, the cycle bottoming process will accelerate. The short - term economic cycle, especially the overseas one, is downgraded. Attention should be paid to the impact of the third - quarter macro - demand decline on asset prices. High - interest - rate economies should focus on debt - fluctuation risks, while low - interest - rate economies should focus on the pressure of reduced real demand [26]. US Treasury Bond Liquidity: The US Cycle Continues to Be Pressured - The US debt - ceiling issue affects the US dollar. In 2025, the restart of the debt - ceiling issue increased the refinancing pressure of US Treasury bonds, and the market's macro - expectations of the US and Europe led to a decline in the US dollar index in the first half of the year. The resolution of the debt - ceiling issue is crucial for stabilizing US Treasury bond liquidity. The "Stablecoin Act" has limited short - term effects. The downgrade of the US sovereign credit rating may speed up the resolution of the debt - ceiling issue. The focus in the second half of the year is on the increase of the debt ceiling and the change of the Fed's balance - sheet policy [30][38][40]. High Energy Prices: A Stress Test for Non - US Cycles - There is a divergence in the money - market liquidity between China and Europe. The ECB cut interest rates in June, and its balance sheet has been shrinking. The People's Bank of China cut interest rates and reserve - requirement ratios in May, and its balance sheet has been expanding. High energy prices may affect the European economy, while China focuses on balancing debt leverage and improving real - economy liquidity [50]. Macro Strategy: Bearish but Not Short - Selling, Rising After a Slow Start - Global macro - policies are turning. The market needs to re - balance inflation expectations and interest rates. The US dollar may turn to a safe - haven - driven rise in the second half of the year. Gold's rise is cautious, and US Treasury bond interest rates may turn neutral. A - shares have long - term attractiveness, and the yield curve should be steepened strategically after risks subside [64][65][66]. Overseas Macro: Policy Aims to Expand, but Pressure Looms - The Fed's monetary policy is on standby. The short - term easing of the tariff war has improved the US financial conditions, but fiscal uncertainties remain. The Fed is cautious about cutting interest rates due to potential price pressure and needs a "low" and "moderate" interest - rate level [67]. Domestic Macro: Waiting for the Release of External Pressure - China's short - term economic data is relatively stable, but private - sector demand is under pressure. With the reduction of external "non - interest - rate - cut" constraints, domestic macro - policies may expand in the third quarter. However, there is a risk of a further decline in macro - data in the second half of the year [69].

Domestic Insights - In the first week of June, upstream production activity showed an overall decline, with significant weakening in the automotive supply chain and real estate sales and investment data[2] - The growth rate of consumption in categories like automotive and home appliances has slowed, likely due to the exhaustion of fiscal subsidy funds in some regions, which is expected to impact May's retail sales growth[2] - Despite resilient export data, May's export growth rate is expected to decline further, and overall economic data may also show a downward trend[2] - The economic growth rate from January to April significantly exceeded the 5% target, thus the current downward trend in economic data is unlikely to impact the annual growth target significantly, with low probability for new policies to be implemented in June and July[2] Overseas Insights - In May, the U.S. added 139,000 non-farm jobs, slightly above the market expectation of 130,000, but the previous months' data was revised down by 95,000 jobs, maintaining the unemployment rate at a low of 4.2%[17] - The U.S. government has requested countries to submit their best trade negotiation proposals by June 4, with only Vietnam complying, while Japan, India, Europe, and Canada remain firm in their positions[3] - The Trump administration's tax cut policy faces obstacles in the Senate, with significant discussions expected in July[3]