（来源：黑龙江日报） 转自：黑龙江日报 □本报记者 蒋平 人无精神则不立，国无精神则不强。有一群人，他们在无声处耕耘，于荒芜里开花，把"不可能"熬 成"我能行"，把冷板凳坐穿再坐穿……他们就是由中国工程院院士、东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院 教授李坚带领的"李家军"。他们勇闯科研"无人区"、创造出诸多个第一的背后，藏着怎样的奋斗与坚 守？近日，记者走进东北林业大学，聆听他们扎根龙江沃土，秉持并传承科学家精神，矢志深耕林业科 学高峰的故事。 "上世纪八十年代，我博士毕业。当时的木材科学领域受限于学术思维、仪器设备等条件，研究方向主 要集中在木材构造和木材防腐这两方面。实验室里，大家围着一块实体木材打转，顶多给它'拍个X 光'。但是木头也会呼吸，我想听它说更多的话。"作为全国第一批木材科学领域的博士，李坚坚信，把 每寸木材用到极致，可以让实验室成为隐形造林场。 于是，他把木头送进生物、纳米、电磁的"特训营"，让"一块料"变身"一身宝"。研究生就读期间，一直 学习俄语的李坚根本听不懂英语，他就在裤兜塞满单词卡，脚浸冰水熬夜啃书。旁人打趣他是"木头 人"，他一笑了之，木头经火成炭，人经难题成材，都是火候到了才变硬变强 ...

Group 1 - The recent election of academicians highlights the importance of young scientists, with the youngest being Liu Ruochuan from Peking University, marking a trend towards recognizing younger talent in academia [1][3] - The election emphasizes the focus on emerging and interdisciplinary fields, such as quantum information physics and robotics, which are essential for addressing complex systemic issues in technology [1][3] - The inclusion of experts from private technology companies like BYD, CATL, and Jinfat Technology indicates a strong link between industry innovation and academic recognition, fostering a deeper integration of technological and industrial advancements [3] Group 2 - The election aims to support young scientists, strengthen the layout of frontier interdisciplinary fields, and reinforce the role of enterprises in technological innovation, responding to urgent needs in international technological competition [3] - The new academicians represent not only academic leaders but also the future direction of China's technology landscape, contributing to the country's goal of becoming a technology powerhouse [3]

Group 1 - The core achievement of Zhejiang University is the development of a brain-like computer "Wukong" based on specialized neuromorphic chips, with over 2 billion neurons, nearing the scale of a macaque brain, indicating that China has reached an internationally advanced level in the field of neuromorphic brain-like computing [1] - The "Innovation 2030 Plan" initiated by Zhejiang University aims to build a high ground for innovation by focusing on national strategic needs and global scientific frontiers, with 11 interdisciplinary research plans being implemented [1] - The "Brain Science and Artificial Intelligence Convergence Research Plan" has led to the establishment of the National Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence and the first "Brain Science and Brain Medicine College" in the country, becoming a strategic base for national scientific and technological strength in brain science and artificial intelligence [1] Group 2 - In April 2024, Zhejiang University established the Basic Interdisciplinary Research Institute to reconstruct innovation models and serve high-level technological self-reliance and talent cultivation, creating a "comprehensive reform special zone" for education, technology, and talent [2] - The university launched the Electrical and Electronic Engineering Experimental Class (EE Class) to break traditional disciplinary barriers, integrating two major colleges to cultivate interdisciplinary talents in areas such as smart grids and quantum information [2] - Zhejiang University has 21 disciplines listed in the first-class discipline construction list, with most disciplines showing significant progress in the fifth round of discipline evaluation [2] Group 3 - Zhejiang University is actively recruiting global talent through various initiatives such as the "Talent Special Zone" and "Academic Master Gathering Plan," aiming to attract top-tier talent and their teams to foster high-level innovation [3] - The university plans to accelerate the layout of convergent disciplines and interdisciplinary frontiers, aiming to build a robust academic ecosystem and advance towards becoming a world-class university [3]

Core Insights - The recent educational reform plan emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary studies to meet the demands of emerging industries and future technologies [1][2][3] - The plan includes actions for rapid deployment of urgently needed disciplines, enhancement of foundational subjects, and optimization of existing programs [1][2] Group 1: Interdisciplinary Focus - The plan highlights the importance of interdisciplinary studies, with a specific focus on emerging fields such as integrated circuit science and national security [2][3] - Since 2021, interdisciplinary studies have been recognized as a new category in higher education, with 616 interdisciplinary programs established across 455 universities [2][3] - The establishment of the ninth division of the National Natural Science Foundation, focusing on interdisciplinary sciences, reflects the growing emphasis on this area [3] Group 2: Educational Institutions' Initiatives - Shanghai Jiao Tong University is creating a highly interdisciplinary educational environment, allowing students to combine different fields such as "electrochemistry + materials" [4] - Fudan University has launched several interdisciplinary programs in fields like integrated circuits and nanoscience, focusing on high-level talent cultivation [4][5] - Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics is also expanding its offerings in emerging disciplines, particularly in low-altitude technology [5] Group 3: Artificial Intelligence Integration - The integration of artificial intelligence into educational programs is accelerating, with 3,229 new undergraduate programs established since February 2023, particularly in engineering [6][7] - The demand for AI professionals is significant, with a reported talent gap of over 5 million in China, highlighting the urgency for educational institutions to adapt [6][7] - Fudan University has introduced an "AI Big Course" to equip students with AI knowledge applicable across various fields, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary talent [8]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent "Action Plan for the Adjustment and Optimization of Higher Education Discipline and Major Settings (2025-2027)" issued by the Central Education Work Leading Group, emphasizing the need for rapid adaptation of academic disciplines to meet the demands of emerging industries and interdisciplinary fields [3][5]. Group 1: Action Plan Overview - The Action Plan proposes several initiatives, including the rapid layout of urgently needed disciplines targeting strategic emerging industries, increased support for foundational disciplines, and the establishment of interdisciplinary centers [3][5]. - It highlights the importance of optimizing existing disciplines that show insufficient social demand or declining quality [3][5]. Group 2: Interdisciplinary Focus - The growing trend of interdisciplinary integration is noted, with a significant increase in the establishment of interdisciplinary programs across universities [4][5]. - As of 2021, 455 universities had set up 616 interdisciplinary disciplines, with the Ministry of Education officially recognizing interdisciplinary studies as a new category [5][6]. Group 3: Educational Trends - There is a notable shift in student preferences towards interdisciplinary fields such as artificial intelligence, which are seen as offering better employment opportunities [6][7]. - Major universities like Fudan University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University are actively developing interdisciplinary programs and innovative educational models to adapt to future technological trends [7][8]. Group 4: Artificial Intelligence Integration - The article emphasizes the integration of artificial intelligence into educational curricula, with significant growth in AI-related programs since the release of the adjustment plan in February 2023 [10][11]. - The demand for AI professionals is highlighted, with a reported talent gap exceeding 5 million in China, indicating a strong market need for skilled individuals in this field [10][11]. Group 5: Institutional Initiatives - Institutions are launching specialized programs and initiatives to foster interdisciplinary talent, such as Fudan University's "AI Big Class" and various new engineering colleges focusing on emerging technologies [12][13]. - The article mentions the establishment of cross-disciplinary courses and projects aimed at addressing real-world challenges and enhancing practical skills among students [12][13].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is actively promoting the integration of artificial intelligence into higher education and various industries, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches and the establishment of new academic programs to meet the demands of emerging industries and technologies [1][8]. Group 1: Policy and Strategic Initiatives - The Central Education Work Leading Group has issued the "Action Plan for the Adjustment and Optimization of Higher Education Discipline and Major Settings (2025-2027)", which outlines systematic measures for optimizing academic disciplines [1]. - The plan includes actions such as rapid deployment of urgently needed disciplines, enhancement of foundational disciplines, incubation of emerging and interdisciplinary fields, and optimization of existing disciplines that are underperforming [1][3]. Group 2: Interdisciplinary Focus - There is a growing emphasis on interdisciplinary studies in response to the increasing demand for innovative, composite, and application-oriented talents in the economy and society [2]. - The establishment of interdisciplinary fields has been formalized, with the Ministry of Education recognizing interdisciplinary studies as the 14th category of academic disciplines, which includes "Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering" and "National Security Studies" [3]. Group 3: Educational Innovations - Universities are increasingly focusing on interdisciplinary talent cultivation, with institutions like Fudan University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University implementing programs that allow students to combine different fields of study, such as "Electrochemistry + Materials" or "Artificial Intelligence + Biology" [4][5]. - Fudan University has launched several new engineering innovation colleges that adopt interdisciplinary training models and integrate undergraduate and graduate education [6]. Group 4: AI Integration in Education - Since the release of the "Adjustment and Optimization Reform Plan for Ordinary Higher Education Discipline Settings" in February 2023, there has been a significant increase in the establishment of new undergraduate programs, particularly in engineering and AI-related fields [7]. - The government has emphasized the importance of integrating AI into educational curricula, with initiatives aimed at enhancing the quality and relevance of academic programs to meet the needs of the digital economy [8][9].

Core Viewpoint - Beijing Zhongguancun Academy is a new higher education and research institution focusing on artificial intelligence and interdisciplinary fields, emphasizing disruptive research and practical talent cultivation [2][3]. Group 1: Institutional Overview - Beijing Zhongguancun Academy specializes in education and research innovation in artificial intelligence and interdisciplinary fields, promoting scientific exploration through research projects [3]. - The Zhongguancun Artificial Intelligence Research Institute is a young exploratory R&D institution aimed at future-oriented scientific exploration with industrial value [3]. Group 2: International Forum - The "Zhongguancun International Youth Forum," organized by Beijing Zhongguancun Academy and supported by the Zhongguancun Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, invites global young talents in AI and interdisciplinary fields [5]. - Since its establishment in September 2024, the forum has successfully held two sessions, attracting 98 top young scholars from seven countries, covering topics in AI, biotechnology, and interdisciplinary integration [5]. Group 3: Forum Details - The upcoming forum will take place on September 18-19, 2025, at the Beijing Zhongguancun Academy C5 Research Building [6]. - Key agenda items include invited reports from top scholars, oral presentations for young scholars, roundtable discussions on "AI for Science," and a poster session for knowledge exchange [6][9]. Group 4: Talent Development and Support - The academy offers a comprehensive talent introduction policy, including support for project applications, housing subsidies, and education for children to ensure talent development [6]. - The institution collaborates with 31 top universities and leading enterprises to implement a project-based education model [14]. Group 5: Participation Requirements - Candidates must hold a PhD in AI or related interdisciplinary fields with at least two years of experience and a record of publications in top conferences or journals [15]. - The application deadline is August 27, 2025, and interested scholars should submit their materials via email [15].

Core Insights - The 2025 Frontier Interdisciplinary Science Conference on Optical Engineering opened in Jinhua, Zhejiang, focusing on five cutting-edge interdisciplinary fields: new materials, aerospace technology, green energy, brain-machine interaction, and quantum computing [1] - The conference aims to enhance the capabilities of optical engineering and interdisciplinary fields in serving technological frontiers, accelerating technological progress and discipline integration in China's optical engineering sector [1] Group 1 - The conference theme is "Intersection, Integration, Innovation, Development," reflecting the ongoing global technological revolution and industrial transformation [1] - A total of 210 experts were invited to give keynote speeches, and 204 specialized sub-forums featured outstanding young and middle-aged leaders from various fields [2] Group 2 - The conference also included local industry technology demand matching, technology achievement transfer projects, high-level talent recruitment fairs, and site visits [2] - Over 140 companies participated in the talent recruitment section, with 287 job openings announced by 19 hiring units, including Jinhua Vocational and Technical University and Zhejiang Optoelectronic Research Institute [2]

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of selecting majors based on industry demand and future career prospects rather than solely on academic scores [1][2] - It highlights the trend of professional differentiation in higher education, where traditional popular majors face saturation while emerging fields aligned with new industries gain prominence [1][3] Group 2 - The article discusses the significance of identifying industries in an upward trajectory and choosing corresponding majors to establish a solid foundation for future career development [3][5] - It uses the example of China's "dual carbon" policy, which aims for carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, to illustrate how industries related to carbon management are experiencing unprecedented growth opportunities [5][6] Group 3 - The demand for talent in the renewable energy sector is highlighted, with a reported 52% growth rate in carbon emission management positions from 2022 to 2023, indicating a strong need for skilled professionals in this area [6][8] - The article notes that the current talent structure in the carbon management field is imbalanced, with a significant demand for mid-level professionals (3-6 years of experience) and a lack of practical experience among job seekers [6][8] Group 4 - The article mentions the introduction of 29 new undergraduate majors in response to national strategies, technological advancements, and market needs, including fields like carbon neutrality science and international cruise management [9][11] - It points out the rapid growth of the cruise industry in China, with projections indicating a need for 100,000 to 300,000 professionals in cruise operations by 2030 due to increasing passenger volumes [11][14] Group 5 - The article discusses the dual nature of the job market in artificial intelligence, where there is a high demand for AI-related positions but also a significant gap in qualified candidates, particularly in specialized areas like AI ethics [17][20] - It highlights the emergence of new roles such as AI trainers and consultants, as well as the growing importance of ethical considerations in AI development, which are becoming critical in both domestic and international contexts [20][22]

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of creating a "beautiful" science project, which includes technological content, academic level, and practical applicability to solve real-life problems [1] - Engaging in a well-designed science project can enhance a student's understanding of classroom knowledge and improve their future competitiveness [1] Group 2 - Selecting a field of interest is crucial for students, as it should align with their personal preferences rather than those of teachers or parents [2] - Various fields such as physics, chemistry, and biology can be explored, with further subdivisions available, allowing students to pursue their passions [2] Group 3 - Interdisciplinary projects often yield greater scientific value compared to single-discipline projects, as demonstrated by a student's research on the growth of succulent plants under varying environmental conditions [3][4] - The project was enhanced by incorporating sensors and software for data collection and analysis, transforming it into a comprehensive interdisciplinary study [4] Group 4 - The process of selecting a specific topic should not be rushed; students are encouraged to deepen their knowledge and skills in their chosen area before finalizing their project [6] - A student interested in astronomy faced challenges in translating their extensive knowledge into a feasible project, highlighting the importance of practical application [7][8] Group 5 - The project development phase involves a learning-by-doing approach, where students break down problems and seek solutions while acquiring relevant knowledge [11] - Dedication of time and effort is essential for any project to be considered "beautiful," and even seemingly simple topics can be elevated through excellent process design [12] Group 6 - A complex project on the mechanics of a capsule's rebound behavior was undertaken by a high-achieving student, showcasing the depth of research and experimentation involved [13] - The project, despite not yielding a clear theoretical conclusion, was recognized for its impressive experimental process and presentation, leading to success in a prestigious science competition [13] Group 7 - Effective presentation of the project is crucial, with scientific papers being a common format; however, strong writing skills are necessary for success [15] - Alternative presentation methods, such as videos or articles on social media, can also effectively showcase projects [15] Group 8 - The article concludes that all stages of project development—direction, topic selection, implementation, and presentation—are equally important for achieving a successful outcome [16] - Students are encouraged to pursue their interests passionately, as genuine engagement leads to significant rewards in their projects [16][17]