2025年12月18日，海南自由贸易港正式启动全岛封关运作。多家外媒认为，这标志着中国在深化改革和扩 大对外开放方面迈出重要步伐。 美国《基督教科学箴言报》刊文指出，海南自贸港的设立是中国深化改革、坚定不移扩大高水平对外开放 的重要举措。文章提到，封关运作后，海南自贸港的"零关税"清单将从1900多个税目商品大幅扩大至6600 多个税目。海南的外资准入负面清单开放程度全国最高，同时将实施诸多更为宽松的市场准入政策，吸引 外资流入并促进贸易增长。海南的低税负政策也成为其吸引投资的关键优势。 文章引用新加坡国立大学亚洲与全球化研究中心研究员的观点称，海南是中国探索经济自由化和区域经济 一体化的重要"试金石"。 签审 | 贾延宁 监制 | 蔡耀远 △《欧亚评论》网站截图 美国《欧亚评论》则认为，海南自贸港的启动是中国改革开放的重要里程碑。文章称，海南被视为探索全 球贸易规则、制度创新和经济互联互通新路径的"实验室"。文章指出，在全球经济不确定性加剧、保护主 义抬头的背景下，海南自贸港为国际经贸合作提供了一个更加稳定的平台。 文章特别关注海南自贸港封关后的运行模式，指出进口商品在岛内免税流通，且在海南完成至少30%增 ...

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. tariffs intended to suppress China's manufacturing have backfired, resulting in a record trade surplus of 7.2 trillion yuan for China, indicating a failure of the U.S. strategy [1][18]. Group 1: U.S. Tariff Strategy - Four years ago, the U.S. imposed high tariffs on Chinese goods and restricted high-tech exports to China, believing it would halt China's manufacturing growth [3]. - The U.S. encouraged companies to relocate to countries like Vietnam and Thailand to create a supply chain independent of China, underestimating China's ability to adapt [5]. - The costs of tariffs have primarily impacted U.S. consumers and small businesses, leading to increased prices for everyday goods [7][25]. Group 2: China's Response and Market Adaptation - Instead of negotiating with the U.S., Chinese companies sought new markets, focusing on ASEAN and Africa, and tailored products to local needs [9][11]. - China's industrial upgrades have led to advancements in technology and manufacturing precision, allowing for a shift from low-value exports to high-tech products [13][18]. - The complete industrial system in China enables rapid production of new technologies without reliance on foreign supply chains [15]. Group 3: Global Trade Dynamics - The trade landscape has shifted, with countries no longer solely adhering to U.S. standards; instead, they are recognizing China's cooperative approach [27][30]. - Countries like Vietnam and Thailand have become extensions of China's supply chain, importing components from China for their manufacturing [28]. - The increasing acceptance of the renminbi in global trade reflects a shift towards more stable and cooperative economic relationships [34][36]. Group 4: Future Outlook - China's economic resilience is attributed to adaptation and innovation rather than confrontation, with a focus on high-tech and high-end manufacturing [38][39]. - The U.S. faces challenges due to inconsistent policies, making long-term strategic planning difficult for businesses [41][44]. - The resumption of U.S.-China trade talks indicates a recognition that cooperation is essential for global economic stability [44].

Core Points - The U.S. government has resolved an 8-month stalemate with the WTO regarding its membership fees, paying over $25 million in overdue fees despite previous criticisms of the organization by the Trump administration [1][2] - The U.S. is required to pay 11% of the WTO's annual budget, which amounts to approximately $25.7 million for 2024, and has communicated to WTO staff that the payment has been made, thus avoiding administrative penalties [2][4] - The U.S. continues to block the appointment of judges to the WTO's appellate body, which has been inoperative since 2019, and has been criticized for selectively enforcing dispute settlement rulings [3][4] Group 1 - The U.S. has paid its overdue fees to the WTO, which had been in a first-class arrears status, allowing the organization to maintain its daily operations [1][2] - The payment alleviates some budget pressure on the WTO, which had to reduce activities and technical assistance to developing countries due to financial constraints [5][6] - Despite the payment, the U.S. remains resistant to restoring the appellate body, indicating a lack of comprehensive support for the WTO [4][5] Group 2 - The U.S. has been involved in a selective execution of WTO dispute settlement rulings, leading to a significant number of cases where the U.S. has been criticized for non-compliance [3][6] - Experts suggest that the U.S. is participating in the WTO in a manner that serves its interests rather than committing to a fundamental change in strategy [4][5] - The ongoing discussions about WTO reform are contentious, especially with the upcoming ministerial meeting in March 2026 [5][6]

Group 1: Economic Impact of Hainan's Zero Tariff Policy - Hainan's zero tariff policy is expected to significantly reduce consumer prices, allowing for substantial savings on imported goods such as electronics and luxury items, with potential savings of up to 2,000 yuan on products like iPhones [3][5] - The policy is anticipated to reshape consumer habits, reducing the need for overseas purchases and enhancing domestic consumption, thereby invigorating the local economy [5][10] - The introduction of advanced medical treatments and drugs through Hainan's Boao Lecheng area is expected to improve healthcare access for patients with difficult-to-treat conditions, potentially saving lives and enhancing the overall healthcare landscape in China [7][8] Group 2: Job Creation and Industry Growth - The reduction in operational costs for businesses due to lower import tariffs and corporate tax rates is likely to attract various industries, particularly those sensitive to costs, such as food processing and biomedicine, leading to increased job opportunities [10][12] - High-paying positions in international service roles and technical fields are expected to emerge, with salaries for bilingual medical coordinators and technical workers reaching above 12,000 yuan and 15,000 yuan respectively [10][12] - The establishment of a commercial aerospace launch site in Wenchang is drawing over 700 aerospace-related companies, indicating a growing sector that could provide numerous job opportunities for skilled workers [12] Group 3: Global Trade Dynamics - Hainan's zero tariff approach contrasts sharply with the U.S. strategy of increasing tariffs, reflecting differing economic philosophies and potentially reshaping global trade rules [14][20] - The policy aims to create a more equitable trade environment, allowing global companies to operate without the burden of high tariffs, thus attracting foreign investment and fostering international collaboration [25][29] - Hainan's strategy is seen as a move to establish a more resilient supply chain, reducing dependency on specific countries and ensuring a stable supply of goods for the domestic market [27][29] Group 4: Dual Circulation Strategy - Hainan's development is positioned as a connector for domestic and international markets, enhancing local demand while attracting global resources and capital [29][31] - The zero tariff policy is expected to stimulate local industries, enabling them to lower costs and increase competitiveness both domestically and in Southeast Asian markets [29][31] - The initiative is viewed as a model for China's broader economic strategy, promoting high-quality development through openness and inclusivity [31]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the U.S. tariff policy is negatively impacting the global trade system, and the U.S. will ultimately be the biggest loser from the tariff increases [1] - The current trade system is expected to undergo a restructuring as countries adjust their trade relationships, leading to a disadvantageous position for the U.S. [1] - Historical evidence from Trump's first term indicates that tariff increases do not lead to job growth, suggesting that U.S. consumers will bear the cost of tariffs [1] Group 2 - There is a strong desire for cooperation between China and Europe to uphold global trade rules and the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO) [2] - Despite existing shortcomings and operational challenges within the WTO, it remains the best available global trade framework that needs to be collectively maintained [2]

Group 1 - The new framework agreement between the US and EU signifies a potential major shift in global geopolitical dynamics, covering 19 key areas including agriculture, AI chips, and cybersecurity [1] - The EU has made significant concessions by committing to zero tariffs on US industrial goods and providing better market access for US agricultural products [2] - The US response has been cautious, maintaining tariffs on many EU goods at a maximum of 15%, contrasting sharply with the EU's more generous stance [4] Group 2 - The agreement includes a timeline that allows for future negotiations, with the US granting most-favored-nation treatment to EU aviation and pharmaceutical products starting next year, but this will be limited after September 2025 [5] - The automotive sector may benefit from a reduction in tariffs to 15%, but the actual implementation is contingent on complex domestic legislative processes in both regions [6] - The core of the agreement lies in substantial procurement and investment commitments, with the EU pledging to purchase up to $750 billion in US energy products by 2028, enhancing US control over European energy supplies [8] Group 3 - The EU plans to invest $400 billion in US AI chips and an additional $600 billion in strategic sectors within the US, indicating a significant financial commitment to bolster US technological innovation [8] - The agreement also includes increased EU procurement of US military and defense equipment, which strengthens US military dominance in Europe and reduces European defense autonomy [10] - The implications of this agreement extend globally, potentially reshaping supply chains and creating new barriers for non-EU countries seeking access to the US and EU markets [11] Group 4 - The framework may serve as a new model for future international trade negotiations, emphasizing strategic industry protection and cross-sectoral interest bundling, which could lead to imbalances in global economic development [14] - Despite the agreement, sensitive issues remain unresolved, such as tariffs on European wines and spirits, indicating ongoing negotiations and the EU's desire to maintain its economic stability [16] - The agreement reflects the strategic interdependence between the US and EU, highlighting their mutual needs in a complex international environment, with uncertain long-term outcomes for global trade [18]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implications of the U.S. imposing tariffs on India, highlighting India's resistance and the potential backlash against U.S. hegemony in global trade [1][4][19]. Group 1: U.S.-India Relations - The U.S. initially sought to align India as a strategic partner in the Asia-Pacific region but faced challenges due to India's non-compliance on issues like energy and military procurement, particularly regarding Russian oil and arms [3][10]. - The U.S. tariffs are seen as a means to enforce compliance, but India is responding assertively, indicating it will not remain silent or compliant [5][11]. Group 2: India's Strategic Position - India is positioned as a significant market with a population of 1.4 billion, making it a key player in global supply chains and a leader among developing nations [7][10]. - India's recent actions, such as advocating for the Global South at the G20 and increasing orders from Russia, demonstrate its intent to assert independence from U.S. influence [10][12]. Group 3: Potential Consequences for the U.S. - The imposition of tariffs on India may backfire, as India holds critical positions in certain supply chains that could complicate U.S. interests [12]. - If India successfully resists U.S. pressure, it could inspire other allies like Japan, the EU, and Australia to reconsider their alignment with U.S. policies, potentially leading to a broader backlash against U.S. trade practices [13][18]. Group 4: Broader Implications - The article suggests that India's resistance could act as a catalyst for structural changes in global trade dynamics, challenging U.S. dominance [15][19]. - The U.S. may struggle to maintain its multi-front sanctions strategy, especially as allies begin to question their roles in supporting U.S. initiatives [14][20].

Group 1 - The new trade agreement between the US and EU indicates a limitation on the EU's trade policy autonomy, suggesting that it may lead to economic concessions that could negatively impact local employment and industry development in Europe [1] - The agreement is expected to increase global trade costs, affecting the speed of global economic growth, and undermining the authority and effectiveness of the WTO, potentially leading to a fragmented global trade environment [2] - The essence of the agreement is that the EU is making economic concessions in exchange for strategic breathing space, which may expose its passive position in the US-EU dynamics, while high tariffs and industrial subsidies could become the new norm, leading to long-term cost increases [3] Group 2 - The agreement may reshape the global energy market by impacting traditional energy exporters like Russia, Qatar, and Australia, indicating a shift in market shares [3] - In the technology sector, the EU's investment commitments in the semiconductor field may create competitive dynamics with the US, altering the landscape of competition and cooperation [3]

Group 1 - The European Union (EU) has passed a €93 billion counter-tariff list against the US, indicating a significant escalation in trade tensions [1][8] - The counter-tariff list includes products like bourbon whiskey and Harley-Davidson motorcycles, targeting key political bases of President Trump [3] - The EU's response is a result of a breakdown in trust with the US, as previous cooperation did not yield the expected benefits [3][6] Group 2 - Germany's shift to a more hardline stance against the US is notable, contrasting its previous moderate position [3] - The EU's strong response reflects a broader geopolitical strategy, aiming to assert its influence in global trade rules [6][8] - The upcoming deadlines for negotiations (August 1 and August 7) could lead to a historic turning point in US-EU trade relations [8] Group 3 - The EU's economic recovery provides it with leverage in negotiations, but risks remain for key industries like automotive and aerospace [6] - The trade dispute signifies a profound change in transatlantic relations, with the EU employing unprecedented measures against the US [6][8] - The EU's approach to China may create new opportunities for cooperation, despite its ongoing reliance on NATO for security [6][4]

Core Points - The imposition of a 50% "reciprocal tariff" by the Trump administration has led to an unprecedented economic disaster in Lesotho, a small landlocked country in Africa, which heavily relies on the U.S. for its textile exports [1][3] - Lesotho's economy is significantly impacted as 90% of its exports depend on the textile industry, which has been supported by the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) allowing duty-free access to over 7,000 products [1][3] - The immediate effects of the tariff have resulted in over 7,000 job losses in the textile sector within a month, threatening the industry that contributes approximately 10% to the country's GDP [3][5] Economic Impact - The textile industry in Lesotho has created around 40,000 jobs, accounting for 90% of the country's export manufacturing jobs, making it a critical sector for the nation's economy [1][3] - The unemployment crisis has led to a 35% food shortage rate in the capital, Maseru, and rising maize meal prices, exacerbating the humanitarian situation [3][5] - The Lesotho government has allocated 3% of its departmental budget (approximately $22.2 million) to an emergency fund aimed at creating 60,000 new jobs through construction and agricultural projects over two years [3][6] International Response - The international community has criticized the U.S. for its actions, with the United Nations Trade and Development Conference stating that the U.S. is destroying the most vulnerable economies [6] - South Africa has pledged 20 million rand (about $1 million) in emergency aid, while China is providing humanitarian assistance worth 10 million yuan [6] - The situation in Lesotho highlights the vulnerability of small nations in the global trade system, as they often become collateral damage in the geopolitical strategies of larger countries [6][8] Future Outlook - The Lesotho government is seeking concessions from the U.S. while also exploring other African markets and support under AGOA [8] - The challenges faced by Lesotho serve as a reminder of the far-reaching impacts of economic policies in a globalized world, emphasizing the need for larger nations to consider the consequences of their trade rules on smaller countries [8]