21世纪经济报道记者陈洁 实习生张星雨 我国人口格局正在悄然转变，不久前发布的《中国统计年鉴（2025）》可见端倪。 和2023年相比，2024年人口结构呈现出0—14岁人口占比下降、65岁及以上人口占比提升、省份"变老"数量持续提升（2024年有 8个省份65岁及以上人口占比超过18%，多于2023年的7个）等特征。 近日出版的《〈中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议〉辅导读本》（以下简称《辅导读本》）中， 中央宣讲团成员、中央改革办专职副主任丁国文撰写的署名文章对此有清晰的阐述："十五五"时期，老年人口、老龄化率持续 攀升，高龄人口增速更快，我国少子化、老龄化等结构性矛盾更加凸显。 人口结构怎么变？ 《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》）提出，"十五五"时期人口结构变化 给经济发展、社会治理等提出新课题。 我国人口结构的变化在"十四五"时期已经很明显。 2021年，我国65岁及以上人口占比超过14%，进入中度老龄化阶段。2024年，我国人口结构进一步"变老"。 具体来看，根据《中国统计年鉴（2025）》，我国65岁及以上人口占比15.66%。与 ...

Core Insights - The Beijing Stock Exchange (BSE) aims to enhance financial services and support the development of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) [2] Group 1: Achievements and Current Status - The BSE has successfully gathered a significant number of quality innovative SMEs, with 280 listed companies, over 80% being SMEs, and nearly 90% being private enterprises [2] - More than half of the listed companies are recognized as national-level specialized and innovative "little giant" enterprises [2] Group 2: Future Plans and Strategies - The BSE plans to focus on four key areas to further support innovative SMEs during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [3][4][5][6] - **Functionality Enhancement**: Improve the listing standards and regulatory frameworks to better support technology innovation and traditional industry upgrades [3] - **Stability Improvement**: Strengthen the quality of listed companies and enhance the regulatory mechanisms to ensure market stability [4] - **Service Optimization**: Enhance market product systems and service mechanisms to respond to market demands effectively [5] - **Ecosystem Openness**: Foster collaboration with government and market institutions to create a supportive environment for innovative SMEs [6]

Group 1 - The core theme of the 2025 China Automotive Circulation Industry Annual Conference and Expo is "Driving Change with Quality, Emerging Anew" [1][3] - The automotive industry is transitioning from a high-growth phase to a competitive and challenging environment, facing both opportunities from consumption upgrades and challenges from market saturation and rising costs [3][6] - Government policies, such as the trade-in subsidy, have significantly boosted automotive sales, with last year's subsidies leading to over a 10% increase in sales [3][6] Group 2 - The conference will feature over 20 sub-forums focusing on various cutting-edge topics, aiming to assist companies in achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement through economic operations, digital transformation, and service upgrades [4][5] - The expo will provide a comprehensive service display platform for new and used car dealers, facilitating resource integration and brand enhancement [5] - The industry is encouraged to collaborate and innovate, enhancing service standards and utilizing advanced technologies like AI and big data to optimize operations and meet diverse consumer needs [6]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the Shaanxi tax authorities are actively developing a comprehensive service system for small and micro enterprises throughout their lifecycle, focusing on policy enlightenment and support for new businesses [1][2] - In 2023, over 100,000 newly established small and micro enterprises have participated in the "First Class for Opening" initiative, which aims to help them navigate their initial phase effectively [1][2] - The "First Class for Opening" program includes pre-class needs assessment, in-class detailed instruction, and post-class follow-up to ensure that new businesses understand tax declaration and related policies [2][3] Group 2 - To address the challenges faced by small and micro enterprises in accessing policies and benefits, the Shaanxi tax authorities have launched the "Tax Benefits to the Community" initiative, which proactively brings services to enterprises [3] - The initiative includes setting up "tax service stations" in communities to provide face-to-face policy guidance and support, enhancing the accessibility and precision of tax services [3] - From January to June 2023, the Shaanxi tax authorities facilitated 152,700 small enterprises and individual businesses in obtaining loans totaling 125.747 billion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 10.45% [3] Group 3 - The Shaanxi tax authorities plan to continue focusing on the effective implementation of policies and rapid response to service requests, aiming to enhance support for the growth of small and micro enterprises [4]

Group 1 - The Hubei provincial government is launching a series of actions titled "Grasp Entrepreneurship and Promote Employment," focusing on the "Return of Alumni" to attract investment and innovation [2][3] - Hubei's Commerce Department emphasizes the importance of alumni as a unique advantage and strategic resource for high-quality development in the province [2] - The government plans to establish a comprehensive and dynamic "Alumni Resource Database" to accurately grasp alumni resources and facilitate investment opportunities [2] Group 2 - The government aims to enhance platform construction by leveraging major events such as the "Spring Cherry Blossom Economic and Trade Fair" and the "Chuchang Conference" to connect alumni with development resources [3] - Focus areas include technology transfer, digital economy, and green economy, with targeted cooperation between key parks, industries, and enterprises [3] - A comprehensive service system for alumni investment projects will be established, providing personalized and dedicated support for high-impact projects [3]

Core Viewpoint - Guangdong Province has introduced a series of measures to stimulate market vitality and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system, aiming to support enterprises in achieving better development, profitability, and fewer troubles. Group 1: Policy Highlights - The measures focus on cultivating new productive forces, emphasizing key sectors such as integrated circuits, artificial intelligence, robotics, and low-altitude economy, among others, to create targeted investment attraction policies [4] - The policy includes a financial incentive where eligible manufacturing and high-tech enterprises can receive a subsidy of up to 35% on annual new bank loans, with a maximum annual subsidy of 20 million yuan per enterprise [5] - A new reward system for foreign-funded enterprises has been established, offering up to 1.3 million yuan for qualifying multinational company headquarters [6][7] Group 2: Financial Support and Incentives - The total scale of the loan subsidy policy is set at 200 billion yuan, which is approximately 30% of the annual increase in manufacturing loans in the province [5] - The provincial government plans to increase funding for the government guarantee system, potentially supporting over 100 billion yuan in new financing each year, which could help generate over 150 billion yuan in additional revenue for related enterprises [5] - A one-time reward of 500 million yuan will be given to cities and counties that excel in investment promotion, aimed at enhancing local investment environments [8][9] Group 3: Comprehensive Support for Enterprises - The measures include a full lifecycle support system for enterprises, streamlining land approval processes to allow for rapid project initiation [10] - The introduction of a talent recruitment plan aims to attract skilled professionals, facilitating family settlement for those in frontier fields [10] - The combination of cost reduction, resource expansion, and environmental optimization is designed to enhance the competitiveness of the modern industrial system in Guangdong [11][13]

Core Viewpoint - Guangdong Province is implementing measures to enhance market vitality and streamline the investment process for major projects exceeding 5 billion yuan, aiming to alleviate the challenges posed by competitive recruitment practices [1] Group 1: Policy Measures - Establishment of a first-talk, first-report mechanism for major projects over 5 billion yuan to prevent recruitment "involution" that causes difficulties for enterprises [1] - Implementation of a regular meeting mechanism for provincial leaders to engage with businesses, ensuring that local officials hold regular roundtable discussions to address specific issues without increasing the burden on enterprises [1] - Requirement for local leaders and provincial officials responsible for industrial development and investment promotion to annually lead teams for external investment recruitment [1] Group 2: Service System - Creation of a comprehensive service system that manages the entire lifecycle of investment, including recruitment, project management, enterprise support, and service provision [1] - Full implementation of a dedicated enterprise (project) service specialist system to enhance support for businesses [1]