文 | 赵伟、屠强 联系人| 屠强、耿佩璇 报告正文 4、生产高频跟踪：工业生产维持弱势，建筑业开工边际改善 工业生产中，高炉开工延续回落，钢材表观消费也有下滑。 11月23日至11月29日，高炉开工率环 比-1.1%至81.1%，同比-0.8pct至-0.5%；上周（11月30日至12月06日），钢材表观消费环比-2.68%、同 比-2.4pct至-1.2%。钢材社会库存延续回落，环比-2.9%。 图 36: 上周, 高炉开工率延续回落 全国高炉开工率 (247家) === 2020 2019 2021 2022 2023 -2024 · 2025 96 85 80 75 70 65 2月 3月 4月 5月 6月 7月 8月 9月 10月 11月 12月 1月 资料来源: Wind、申万宏源研究 图 37: 上周, 钢材周表观消费有所回落 五大品种钢材周表观消费量 2021 2019 == 2020 = 2022 2023 2024 2025 1300 万吨 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 1月 2月 3月 4月 5月 6月 7月 8月 9月 10月 1 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current state of industrial production, construction, and demand trends in China, highlighting a mixed performance across various sectors, with some showing signs of recovery while others remain weak. Industrial Production Tracking - The operating rate of blast furnaces has significantly declined, with a week-on-week decrease of 3% to 81.7%, and a year-on-year drop of 3.3 percentage points [2][6] - Steel apparent consumption has increased by 2.7% week-on-week and returned to positive territory year-on-year, up 2.9 percentage points to 2.8% [2][8] - Social inventory continues to decline, down 2.1% week-on-week [2] Construction Industry Insights - Cement production and demand have shown slight improvement but remain weaker than the same period last year, with a grinding operating rate up 1% to 46.3% week-on-week and a year-on-year increase of 2.8 percentage points [24][25] - Cement shipment rates increased by 0.8% week-on-week but are down 8.8% year-on-year [24][28] - The cement inventory ratio continues to rise, up 2.3% week-on-week [24][31] Demand Tracking - The transaction volume of commercial housing continues to decline, with a week-on-week drop of 11.3% and a year-on-year decrease of 4.3 percentage points to -25% [47][48] - The average daily transaction area in 30 major cities has seen significant declines, particularly in first-tier cities, which experienced a year-on-year drop of 20.1 percentage points [47][51] - Port cargo throughput has rebounded significantly, with a year-on-year increase of 16.5% [57][64] Price Trends - Agricultural product prices are showing mixed performance, with vegetable prices rising by 8.1% week-on-week, while pork and egg prices have decreased by 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively [99][100] - The overall industrial product prices are on the rise, with the South China Industrial Product Price Index increasing by 1.8% week-on-week [111][112]

Group 1: Macroeconomic Outlook - The report highlights that both the US and China are entering critical years, with global investment driven by three and a half engines: AI investment, defense spending, and industrial restructuring [1][14] - The nominal GDP growth rate is expected to recover, with a focus on domestic demand and technology as key policy areas [1][2] - The transition from old to new economic drivers in China is anticipated to gain momentum, leading to a rebalancing of supply and demand [2][11] Group 2: Policy Environment - The "15th Five-Year Plan" sets a supportive policy tone, with monetary policy expected to remain accommodative, albeit with less room than in the current year [3][15] - Fiscal policy is projected to maintain a certain level of expansion, with total tools estimated at 15.7 trillion yuan, an increase of approximately 1.2 trillion yuan from this year [3][15] - The report emphasizes the importance of structural tools and the coordination between monetary and fiscal policies to support various sectors [3][15] Group 3: Supply and Demand Dynamics - The narrative of "asset scarcity" in the bond market is expected to weaken, with a focus on the verification of corporate profits and capacity utilization [4][18] - The report notes that government bond supply is likely to increase, but market pressure will be manageable due to central bank support [4][18] - Institutional behavior is identified as a major source of market volatility, with a reduction in stable funding leading to increased market fluctuations [4][18] Group 4: Bond Market Strategy - The bond market is expected to maintain a "low interest rate + high volatility" characteristic, with the central rate likely remaining stable or slightly increasing [5][18] - The report suggests a strategy of segment trading, coupon strategies, and equity exposure as priorities over duration adjustment and credit downgrading [5][18] - The ten-year government bond yield is projected to fluctuate between 1.6% and 2.1%, with a widening of term spreads anticipated [5][18]

Economic Overview - Shandong's GDP for the first three quarters reached 77,115 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 5.6% at constant prices [2] - The economic performance is characterized by a steady and positive trend, supported by macroeconomic policies and a focus on high-quality development [2] Industrial Performance - The industrial added value for large-scale enterprises grew by 7.8%, an increase of 0.1 percentage points compared to the first half of the year [2] - The manufacturing sector saw a significant increase of 8.9%, with the equipment manufacturing industry growing by 12.0%, contributing 3.0 percentage points to the overall industrial growth [2] - Key industries such as automotive, railway, and electronics reported substantial growth rates of 17.0%, 14.9%, and 16.6% respectively [2] Service Sector - The revenue of large-scale service industries increased by 5.4% from January to August, with 28 out of 32 major industry categories experiencing growth [3] - Notable growth was observed in entertainment, public facilities management, and business services, with revenue growth rates of 19.4%, 18.9%, and 16.9% respectively [3] Consumer Market - The total retail sales of consumer goods reached 30,386.1 billion yuan, growing by 5.6% in the first three quarters [3] - Online retail sales of physical goods increased by 17.1%, significantly outpacing the overall retail sales growth [3] Investment Trends - Industrial investment grew by 7.7%, surpassing the overall investment growth rate by 11.4 percentage points, contributing to a 3.1% increase in total investment [3] - Specific sectors such as specialized equipment manufacturing, metal products, and general equipment manufacturing saw investment growth rates of 10.3%, 21.9%, and 29.5% respectively [3] Trade and Employment - The total import and export value reached 2.62 trillion yuan, with a growth rate of 5.5% [4] - The employment situation remained stable, with urban employment increasing by 105.9 thousand, and per capita disposable income rising to 33,826 yuan, reflecting a nominal growth of 5.0% [4]

Economic Overview - China's GDP for the first three quarters reached 10,150.36 billion yuan, showing a year-on-year growth of 5.2% at constant prices [1][19][20] Agricultural Sector - The value added in agriculture (planting) increased by 3.6% year-on-year [4][19] - The production situation in agriculture is reported to be favorable, with a notable increase in summer grain and early rice production by 190,000 tons compared to the previous year [19] Service Sector - The value added in the service industry grew by 5.4% year-on-year, indicating stable growth [7][19] Retail and Consumption - The total retail sales of consumer goods amounted to 3,367.81 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 4.5% [8][20] Trade and Investment - The total value of goods imports and exports reached 3,658.77 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 4.0% [11][20] - Manufacturing investment also showed a steady increase, contributing to the overall economic growth [20] Employment and Income - The urban surveyed unemployment rate averaged 5.2%, indicating overall stability in the employment situation [12][20] - The per capita disposable income of residents was 32,509 yuan, with a nominal year-on-year growth of 5.1% and a real growth of 5.2% after adjusting for price factors [18][20]

Core Insights - National per capita disposable income reached 32,509 yuan in the first three quarters, representing a nominal increase of 5.1% year-on-year, with a real growth of 5.2% after adjusting for price factors [2] - National per capita consumption expenditure was 21,575 yuan, showing a nominal increase of 4.6% year-on-year, and a real growth of 4.7% after adjusting for price factors [4] Income Situation - Urban residents' per capita disposable income was 42,991 yuan, with a nominal growth of 4.4% and a real growth of 4.5% [2] - Rural residents' per capita disposable income was 17,686 yuan, with a nominal growth of 5.7% and a real growth of 6.0% [2] - Per capita wage income was 18,659 yuan, growing by 5.4%, accounting for 57.4% of disposable income [2] - Per capita net operating income was 5,199 yuan, growing by 5.3%, accounting for 16.0% of disposable income [2] - Per capita net property income was 2,628 yuan, growing by 1.7%, accounting for 8.1% of disposable income [2] - Per capita net transfer income was 6,023 yuan, growing by 5.3%, accounting for 18.5% of disposable income [2] - The median per capita disposable income was 27,149 yuan, growing by 4.5%, which is 83.5% of the average [2] Consumption Expenditure Situation - Urban residents' per capita consumption expenditure was 26,510 yuan, with a nominal growth of 3.8% and a real growth of 3.9% [4] - Rural residents' per capita consumption expenditure was 14,597 yuan, with a nominal growth of 5.5% and a real growth of 5.8% [4] - Per capita expenditure on food, tobacco, and alcohol was 6,359 yuan, growing by 2.5%, accounting for 29.5% of total consumption expenditure [4] - Per capita clothing expenditure was 1,126 yuan, growing by 1.6%, accounting for 5.2% of total consumption expenditure [4] - Per capita housing expenditure was 4,665 yuan, growing by 2.3%, accounting for 21.6% of total consumption expenditure [4] - Per capita expenditure on daily necessities and services was 1,224 yuan, growing by 9.6%, accounting for 5.7% of total consumption expenditure [5] - Per capita transportation and communication expenditure was 3,103 yuan, growing by 8.3%, accounting for 14.4% of total consumption expenditure [5] - Per capita expenditure on education, culture, and entertainment was 2,531 yuan, growing by 10.3%, accounting for 11.7% of total consumption expenditure [5] - Per capita healthcare expenditure was 1,928 yuan, growing by 1.5%, accounting for 8.9% of total consumption expenditure [5] - Per capita expenditure on other goods and services was 639 yuan, growing by 10.3%, accounting for 3.0% of total consumption expenditure [5]

Income Situation - In the first three quarters, the national per capita disposable income reached 32,509 yuan, a nominal increase of 5.1% year-on-year, and a real increase of 5.2% after adjusting for price factors [1][7] - Urban residents had a per capita disposable income of 42,991 yuan, growing by 4.4% nominally and 4.5% in real terms, while rural residents saw a per capita disposable income of 17,686 yuan, with a nominal growth of 5.7% and a real growth of 6.0% [1][7] - The per capita wage income was 18,659 yuan, up 5.4%, accounting for 57.4% of disposable income, while per capita operating income was 5,199 yuan, up 5.3%, making up 16.0% of disposable income [1][7] - The median per capita disposable income was 27,149 yuan, a growth of 4.5%, with urban median income at 38,224 yuan (3.9% growth) and rural median income at 15,036 yuan (5.1% growth) [1][7][9] Consumption Expenditure Situation - The national per capita consumption expenditure was 21,575 yuan, with a nominal increase of 4.6% and a real increase of 4.7% [4][8] - Urban residents had a per capita consumption expenditure of 26,510 yuan, growing by 3.8% nominally and 3.9% in real terms, while rural residents had a per capita consumption expenditure of 14,597 yuan, with a nominal growth of 5.5% and a real growth of 5.8% [4][8] - Per capita expenditure on food, tobacco, and alcohol was 6,359 yuan, growing by 2.5%, accounting for 29.5% of total consumption expenditure [5][8] - Significant growth was observed in education, culture, and entertainment expenditure, which increased by 10.3%, and in transportation and communication expenditure, which rose by 8.3% [5][8]

Group 1: Industrial Production Trends - The industrial production has shown a slight decline, with high furnace operation rates remaining high but experiencing a week-on-week stability at 84.3%, and a year-on-year decrease of 1.2 percentage points to 83.4% [2] - The apparent consumption of steel has decreased significantly, with a week-on-week drop of 18.7% and a year-on-year decline of 29.8% to 17.6% [2] - The inventory of steel has increased by 6.5% week-on-week [2] Group 2: Midstream Production Insights - The operating rates in the petrochemical and automotive sectors have declined, with the soda ash operating rate decreasing by 0.8% week-on-week to 88.4%, and a year-on-year drop of 1.5 percentage points to 0.6% [7] - The PTA operating rate has shown a slight increase of 1% week-on-week to 77.5%, but a year-on-year decrease of 2.9 percentage points to -5.6% [10] - The operating rate for automotive semi-steel tires has dropped significantly, with a week-on-week decline of 27.1% to 46.5% and a year-on-year decrease of 22.9 percentage points to -28.5% [7] Group 3: Construction Industry Performance - Cement demand has decreased, with the cement shipment rate dropping by 3% week-on-week to 44.3%, and a year-on-year decline of 4.9 percentage points to -9.1% [14] - The cement inventory ratio has slightly increased by 1.4 percentage points year-on-year to 1.4% [14] - The average price of cement has shown a slight increase week-on-week [14] Group 4: Demand Tracking - The transaction volume of commercial housing has improved, with the average daily transaction area in 30 major cities decreasing by 55.7% week-on-week but increasing by 21.3 percentage points year-on-year to 0.3% [30] - The freight volume related to domestic demand has shown weakness, with road freight vehicles decreasing by 25.6 percentage points year-on-year to -15.9% [37] - The number of domestic and international flights has remained high, with a year-on-year increase of 1.7 percentage points to 3% for domestic flights [46] Group 5: Price Trends - Agricultural product prices have generally declined, with prices for eggs, vegetables, and pork decreasing by 3.4%, 2.4%, and 0.3% respectively [65] - The industrial product price index has shown a slight decline of 0.2% week-on-week, with energy and chemical prices decreasing by 2% [75] - The metal price index has increased by 1.7% week-on-week [75]

Economic Overview - In August, China's exports increased by 4.8% year-on-year, marking six consecutive months of positive growth in monthly exports [2] - The total retail sales of consumer goods grew by 3.4% year-on-year, with a declining growth rate for three consecutive months [2] - Fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) saw a year-on-year increase of 0.5% in the first eight months, a decline of 1.1 percentage points compared to the previous seven months [2] Trade Performance - The total value of imports and exports in the first eight months increased by 3.5% year-on-year, with exports rising by 6.9% [5] - Exports of mechanical and electrical products reached 10.6 trillion yuan, growing by 9.2% and accounting for 60.2% of total exports [5] - ASEAN became China's largest trading partner, with trade totaling 4.93 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.7% [5] Consumer and Investment Trends - Retail sales growth declined from 6.4% in May to 3.4% in August, with restaurant revenue showing negative growth in some months [8] - Fixed asset investment growth fell from 4.2% in the first quarter to 0.5% in the first eight months, with private investment in real estate down by 16.7% [9] - The decline in investment is attributed to reduced real estate development, impacting overall investment growth [9] Policy Implications - Analysts suggest that to stimulate consumption, policies should focus on increasing employment and residents' income [2][4] - There is a call for significant expansion of government public product investment to boost infrastructure and improve overall economic conditions [10] - The government is expected to introduce new macroeconomic measures in the fourth quarter to stabilize economic growth and employment [4]

Economic Overview - In the first quarter, the province achieved a GDP of 13,543.49 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 6.3% [1] - The primary industry added value was 828.69 billion yuan, growing by 3.2%; the secondary industry added value was 5,344.85 billion yuan, growing by 6.4%; and the tertiary industry added value was 7,369.95 billion yuan, growing by 6.5% [1] Agriculture - The agricultural sector's added value was 876.42 billion yuan, with a growth of 3.4% [1] - Key agricultural products showed stable production, with pork output at 968,400 tons, increasing by 6.2% [1] - Vegetable production reached 10,076,000 tons, growing by 3.8%, while fruit production increased by 10.1% to 284,500 tons [1] Industrial Production - The added value of large-scale industrial enterprises grew by 8.1%, accelerating by 0.4 percentage points compared to the previous year [1] - High-tech manufacturing saw a significant increase of 21.4%, contributing 36.4% to the growth of large-scale industry [1] - Major industries such as electrical, computer communication electronics, and chemicals experienced substantial growth rates, with electrical industry growing by 22.8% [1] Service Sector - The service sector's added value grew by 6.5%, with transportation and warehousing increasing by 13.7% [3] - The revenue of large-scale service enterprises reached 2,129.54 billion yuan, growing by 13.8% [3] - Financial institutions reported a deposit balance of 99,630.54 billion yuan, increasing by 8.7% year-on-year [3] Fixed Asset Investment - Fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) grew by 6.6%, with manufacturing investment increasing by 12.1% [4] - Infrastructure investment rose by 4.4%, while real estate development investment declined by 5.5% [4] - High-tech industry investment increased by 12.8%, with aerospace and computer equipment manufacturing seeing significant growth [4] Consumer Market - The total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 6,887.19 billion yuan, growing by 7.3% [5] - Sales of home appliances and furniture saw substantial increases, with growth rates of 21.1% and 26.3% respectively [5] - Online retail sales grew by 24.3%, indicating a strong shift towards e-commerce [6] Trade and Exports - The province's total import and export volume reached 1,743.1 billion yuan, with exports growing by 22.4% [7] - General trade accounted for 80.9% of the total trade volume, indicating a robust trade structure [7] - Machinery and electrical products exports increased by 19.2%, making up 54.7% of total exports [7] Employment and Income - The urban unemployment rate averaged 5.4%, remaining stable compared to the previous year [9] - The per capita disposable income for residents was 11,075 yuan, growing by 5.4% [10] - The income gap between urban and rural residents narrowed, with the ratio decreasing to 2.06 [10]