关注、加星，第一时间接收推送！ 文 | 赵伟、屠强 联系人| 屠强、耿佩璇 摘要 事件： 6月27日统计局公布5月工企效益数据，工企营收累计同比2.7%、前值3.2%；利润累计同 比-1.1%、前值1.4%。5月末，产成品存货同比3.5%、前值3.9%。 核心观点： 利润大幅回落，主因成本、费用压力"双升"，短期利润修复不确定性仍较大。 5月利润增速出现大幅回落，主要源于成本、费用压力增大，同时营收对利润增速的贡献也有回落。 5 月，工业利润当月同比大幅回落11.9pct至9%。拆分结构看，利润率大幅回落主要是成本、费用压力增 大，后两者对整体利润同比的拖累分别上行6.5pct至-9.7%、5.9pct至-1.7%。营收方面，PPI跌破-3%的背 景下，实际营业收入对利润增速的支撑也有回落，当月同比下行1.2pct至4.2%，对整体利润增速的贡献回 落至3.4%。 常规跟踪： 工企利润率回落，拖累利润增速大幅下行。 利润：工企利润大幅回落，主要是利润率的拖累增加。 5月，工业企业利润当月同比下行12.1pct。分解 来看，利润率对工企的拖累加重，当月同比较上月回落10.1pct。量价贡献有所回落，工业增加值当 ...

Core Viewpoint - The significant decline in profits is primarily due to increased cost and expense pressures, with short-term profit recovery remaining highly uncertain [3][72]. Group 1: Profit and Revenue Analysis - In May, industrial profits saw a substantial year-on-year decline of 11.9 percentage points to 9%, driven by rising cost and expense pressures [3][72]. - The contribution of actual operating revenue to profit growth decreased, with a year-on-year decline of 1.2 percentage points to 4.2%, contributing only 3.4% to overall profit growth [3][72]. - The overall revenue growth for industrial enterprises fell by 1.8 percentage points to 0.8% in May, with significant declines in sectors such as agricultural products, chemical fibers, and rubber plastics [49][74]. Group 2: Cost Structure and Profit Margin - The overall cost rate for industrial enterprises was 85.9%, up 40 basis points year-on-year, with the coal and steel sector experiencing a notable increase in cost rates [17][72]. - The cost rate for the coal and metallurgy chain rose significantly, reflecting a recovery in upstream costs due to falling coal and steel prices, while downstream improvements were limited [17][72]. - The profit margin for industrial enterprises decreased, with a year-on-year drop of 10.1 percentage points, indicating heightened pressure on profitability [36][74]. Group 3: Inventory and Demand - Inventory growth slightly declined, with nominal inventory down 0.4 percentage points to 3.5% year-on-year, indicating ongoing challenges in demand recovery [59][74]. - Actual inventory, excluding price factors, also fell, down 0.1 percentage points to 7.0% year-on-year, suggesting a need for further demand improvement [59][74]. Group 4: Sector-Specific Insights - The coal and metallurgy chain's revenue growth turned negative, declining by 2.8 percentage points to -0.6% due to weak equipment updates and a slowdown in real estate infrastructure [4][73]. - In contrast, the consumer manufacturing chain saw a slight revenue increase, up 0.1 percentage points to 7.8% year-on-year, supported by domestic demand [4][73].

文 | 赵伟、屠强 联系人 | 屠强、 耿佩璇 摘要 事件： 2025年4月，工企营收累计同比3.2%、前值3.4%；利润累计同比1.4%、前值0.8%。4月末，产成品 存货同比3.9%、前值4.2%。 核心观点：4月利润回升主因成本短期好转，但关税扰动下仍需关注三季度利润下行压力。 4月利润增速进一步上行，主要源于成本、费用压力边际改善，同时营收对利润增速仍有较大贡献。 4 月，工业利润当月同比回升0.4pct至2.9%。拆分结构看，利润率回正主要受益于成本、费用改善，二者对 整体利润的贡献分别+2.7pct、0.5pct；而其他损益对利润增速的贡献回落1.1pct至-0.8%。营收方面，PPI 小幅回落的背景下，实际营业收入仍具韧性，当月同比回落1.6pct至5.5%，对整体利润增速的贡献为 4.9%。 利润率整体表现好于去年，成本压力改善较大的是下游消费行业。 4月，工业企业成本率86%，同比边际 回落12.6bp。拆分结构看，下游消费制造业成本率环比增加59.7bp至84.3%，上行幅度明显弱于季节性 （+103.4bp）。相比之下，石化、冶金链成本率表现弱于往年，4月石化链、冶金链成本率分别上行 3 ...

文 | 赵伟、屠强 联系人 | 屠强、 耿佩璇 摘要 事件： 2025年4月，工企营收累计同比3.2%、前值3.4%；利润累计同比1.4%、前值0.8%。4月末，产成品 存货同比3.9%、前值4.2%。 核心观点：4月利润回升主因成本短期好转，但关税扰动下仍需关注三季度利润下行压力。 4月利润增速进一步上行，主要源于成本、费用压力边际改善，同时营收对利润增速仍有较大贡献。 4 月，工业利润当月同比回升0.4pct至2.9%。拆分结构看，利润率回正主要受益于成本、费用改善，二者对 整体利润的贡献分别+2.7pct、0.5pct；而其他损益对利润增速的贡献回落1.1pct至-0.8%。营收方面，PPI 小幅回落的背景下，实际营业收入仍具韧性，当月同比回落1.6pct至5.5%，对整体利润增速的贡献为 4.9%。 利润率整体表现好于去年，成本压力改善较大的是下游消费行业。 4月，工业企业成本率86%，同比边际 回落12.6bp。拆分结构看，下游消费制造业成本率环比增加59.7bp至84.3%，上行幅度明显弱于季节性 （+103.4bp）。相比之下，石化、冶金链成本率表现弱于往年，4月石化链、冶金链成本率分别上行 3 ...