新华社纽约12月30日电（记者杨士龙）圣诞节期间，纽约街头流光溢彩、人流如织，但在热闹节日表象下，却难掩这样一个现实：越来越多的美 国普通消费者不得不更谨慎地规划支出。 美国经济"K型"分化的现实，正在街头显现：高收入群体仍像往常一样消费，而中低收入消费者因生活成本显著提升而削减开支。 "头重脚轻的积木塔" "K型"分化原指在经济复苏中，不同社会阶层、行业或群体的经济状况呈现明显背离趋势。一些群体经济状况快速改善，而另一些群体则持续恶 化，形成类似字母"K"的走势。 "K型"经济概念的推广者、威廉与玛丽学院经济学者彼得·阿特沃特将当前美国经济状况比喻为"头重脚轻的积木塔"："顶端（富裕阶层的消费和 资产价值）不断加高，而基础（普通家庭的购买力和经济安全感）却日益脆弱。整个结构虽然表面壮观，但稳定性正持续下降。" 美国银行11月发布的2025年假日消费调查报告显示，在当前经济环境下，62%的美国消费者会因假日消费而承受额外财务压力；高达87%的人计 划主要在折扣店等优惠渠道完成节日购物。 12月22日，游客在美国纽约时报广场2026年数字牌前留影。新华社记者张凤国摄 记者在街访中更多听到的是这种"过紧日子"的无 ...

（来源：千龙网） 新华社纽约12月30日电（记者 杨士龙）圣诞节期间，纽约街头流光溢彩、人流如织，但在热闹节日表象下，却难掩这样一个现实：越来越多的 美国普通消费者不得不更谨慎地规划支出。 美国经济"K型"分化的现实，正在街头显现：高收入群体仍像往常一样消费，而中低收入消费者因生活成本显著提升而削减开支。 "头重脚轻的积木塔" "K型"分化原指在经济复苏中，不同社会阶层、行业或群体的经济状况呈现明显背离趋势。一些群体经济状况快速改善，而另一些群体则持续恶 化，形成类似字母"K"的走势。 "K型"经济概念的推广者、威廉与玛丽学院经济学者彼得·阿特沃特将当前美国经济状况比喻为"头重脚轻的积木塔"："顶端（富裕阶层的消费和 资产价值）不断加高，而基础（普通家庭的购买力和经济安全感）却日益脆弱。整个结构虽然表面壮观，但稳定性正持续下降。" 美国银行11月发布的2025年假日消费调查报告显示，在当前经济环境下，62%的美国消费者会因假日消费而承受额外财务压力；高达87%的人计 划主要在折扣店等优惠渠道完成节日购物。 12月22日，游客在美国纽约时报广场2026年数字牌前留影。新华社记者张凤国摄 记者在街访中更多听到的是 ...

（原标题：拉加经委会称收入不平等严重阻碍地区发展） 彭博社11月26日报道，拉丁美洲和加勒比经济委员会发布《2025 年拉丁美洲和加勒比 社会概览》报告指出，拉丁美洲和加勒比地区收入不平等程度高，阻碍了社会包容性 发展的进程，而经济增长能力低下、社会流动性差、社会凝聚力弱等因素也加剧了这 一挑战。报告称，过去十年中，该地区收入不平等程度严重高于经合组织国家，最富 有的10%人口集中了大约三分之一的收入，而最贫困的10%的人获得的财富不到2%， 这表明政府需要制定全面的政策来减少根深蒂固且持续存在的结构性不平等。该委员 会还预测，该地区2017年至2026年期间的经济平均增长率为1.6%，未来四年的经济平 均增长率或达到2.3%。 ...

上世纪60年代，美国家庭收入分布呈现中间宽、两头窄的"梭形"结构。但如今，处于收入中间地带的美 国人数量越来越少，富人和穷人的数量均不断攀升。按照现代物价换算，在1967年，年收入超过15万美 元的美国人占比略高于5%，现在这一比例超过30%；超过38%的美国人年收入低于5万美元，现在则降 至21%。 随着越来越多的人涌入"上流社会"，"梭形"收入分配曲线的"腰部"也在不断变得纤细，顶层人群与其他 群体之间的差距越来越大。"明星经济"也是一个显著特点。一个"明星公司"对高绩效者的奖励远超其他 人，而"明星人才"得到的回报也远高于常人，这位明星可能是知名演员歌手，也可能是高速成长企业中 的精英经理。 半个世纪以来，收入整体增加 美国彭博社 11 月 20 日文章，原题：美国中层正在 " 缩水 " 过去半个世纪以来，美国人从未如现在这般富 裕，收入与财富都实现了惊人增长，即使是较贫困的阶层和中产家庭也不例外。不过，由于更多人跻身 中上阶层，而富人阶级掌握了更多财富，美国的中产阶级不断"缩水"，收入不平等的现象日益加剧。好 消息是，美国人的钱包从未如此充实；坏消息是，大多数人并没有盆满钵盈之感。 美国人收入整体增加 ...

Core Insights - The top 10% of households in the U.S. contribute nearly half of the total consumption, highlighting significant income inequality and its impact on economic discussions [1][2] - The term "affordability" has become a focal point in political discourse, with both parties vying to address the concerns of voters regarding economic conditions [1][5] - Economic sentiment among voters is heavily influenced by perceptions of affordability, particularly concerning essential needs like food and housing [2][3] Group 1: Political Landscape - Democratic candidates have gained traction by focusing on affordability issues, winning recent elections with promises of free public transport and rent freezes [1][5] - Former President Trump has shifted his stance on affordability, emphasizing that the current administration has exacerbated the crisis and that his policies would rectify it [1][5] - The political narrative around affordability is tied to broader economic sentiments, with many voters feeling a sense of anger and frustration over their financial situations [2][5] Group 2: Economic Disparities - The U.S. economy is experiencing a "K-shaped" recovery, where the wealthiest households are seeing significant consumption growth, while lower-income groups face stagnation [2][3] - Data from the Atlanta Federal Reserve indicates that wage growth for the lowest 25% of earners has reached a decade low, contrasting with the rising wages of higher-income groups [3][4] - The perception of inflation and affordability varies significantly among different income groups, with higher-income individuals less affected by price increases [4][5] Group 3: Consumer Behavior - There is a notable shift in consumer preferences towards private label brands, which have seen a 4.2% sales increase compared to a mere 1.1% for national brands [4] - The emotional aspect of affordability is emphasized, as consumers express frustration over their inability to purchase desired goods, influenced by social media portrayals of lifestyles [5][6] - The expectation of price declines has contributed to dissatisfaction, as consumers face unexpected price increases in durable goods [4][5] Group 4: Government Response - The Trump administration is actively proposing measures to enhance affordability, including tariff exemptions on various food products and potential cash distributions to lower-income households [5][6] - Proposed 50-year mortgage loans have raised concerns about their long-term financial implications for homebuyers, potentially leading to higher overall costs [6][7] - The feasibility of these proposals hinges on legislative approval, with skepticism regarding their effectiveness in addressing the needs of the most affected populations [7][8]

Core Insights - The article highlights the disparity between high GDP figures in the U.S. and the reality of income inequality, where a significant portion of wealth is concentrated among the top 1% while the bottom 90% experience sluggish income growth [1][3][13] Economic Disparity - From 1979 to the present, income inequality in the U.S. has widened significantly, with the top 1% capturing most of the economic growth, while the bottom 90% see minimal income increases [1] - The Gini coefficient, a measure of income inequality, increased by approximately 20% from 1980 to 2016, indicating a growing wealth gap [3] - The Federal Reserve reports that income inequality is linked to rising corporate debt, contributing to overall financial fragility [3] Inflation and Cost of Living - Inflation remains a pressing financial challenge for many Americans, with one-third of adults citing it as their top financial concern for 2024 [5] - Housing costs are a major contributor to inflation, accounting for two-thirds of inflationary pressures from 2024 to 2025, with housing prices having risen by 60% over the past six years [5][7] - The average American household is increasingly burdened by housing costs, with 31.3% spending over 30% of their income on housing [5][7] Healthcare Costs - The U.S. has the highest healthcare spending globally, with total expenditures reaching $4.9 trillion in 2023, translating to an average of $14,570 per person, a 7.5% increase from 2022 [9] - Nearly half of adults report finding healthcare costs burdensome, particularly among uninsured and minority populations [9] Education Debt - Student loan debt in the U.S. is projected to reach $1.814 trillion by 2025, affecting approximately 43 million borrowers [11] - The financial strain from education debt is compounded by rising living costs and stagnant wages, creating a cycle of financial difficulty for many households [11][13] Conclusion - The article underscores the disconnect between high GDP figures and the lived experiences of many Americans, suggesting that without addressing these systemic issues, social tensions may escalate [13]

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences is highly anticipated, with diverse predictions regarding potential winners, including fields such as behavioral economics, labor economics, and international trade theory [1][2]. Group 1: Nobel Prize Overview - The Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, officially known as the "Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel," has been awarded since 1969, with a total of 96 laureates as of October 12, 2025 [2]. - The prize is awarded annually on the anniversary of Nobel's death, and it can be shared among up to three individuals [2]. - The youngest laureate is Esther Duflo, who won in 2019 at the age of 46, while the oldest is Leonid Hurwicz, who was 90 when he won in 2007 [3]. Group 2: Female Laureates - Only three women have received the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences: Esther Duflo, Elinor Ostrom, and Claudia Goldin [3]. - Elinor Ostrom was the first female laureate, awarded in 2009 for her work on public resource management, while Claudia Goldin received the prize in 2023 for her contributions to understanding women's labor market outcomes [3]. Group 3: Predictions and Trends - As the announcement date approaches, speculation about potential winners intensifies, with notable candidates including recipients of other prestigious awards like the Clark Medal and the Clarivate Citation Laureates [4]. - Recent winners of the Clarivate Citation Laureates in economics include David Autor and Lawrence F. Katz for their analysis of wage structure and income inequality, and Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan for their work on labor economics [4][5]. - The Nobel Prize committee emphasizes that awarded discoveries must have significant scientific merit and societal impact, leading to extensive subsequent research [5].

Group 1 - In 2024, the median total compensation for CEOs in S&P 500 companies rose to $19 million, a year-over-year increase of 7.2%, marking the fastest growth in four years [2] - CEO compensation growth significantly outpaced the inflation rate and overall wage growth for American workers, with total compensation for U.S. workers increasing by 3.6% and the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rising by 2.9% during the same period [2] - Farient Advisors noted that the increasing gap between executive pay and that of ordinary employees is likely to lead to stricter scrutiny of compensation packages [2] Group 2 - Axon Enterprise's CEO Rick Smith topped the list of S&P 500 executives with a total compensation of $165 million, primarily from stock awards linked to revenue targets, with the company's stock price soaring approximately 160% over the past year [4] - Starbucks CEO Brian Niccol ranked second with a total compensation of $95.8 million, which included a $5 million signing bonus and substantial stock awards to compensate for forfeited earnings from his previous role [4] - General Electric's CEO Larry Culp and Blackstone's CEO Stephen Schwarzman earned $88.95 million and $84.03 million, respectively, making them the second and third highest-paid executives among those leading S&P 500 companies for over a year [5] Group 3 - The disparity in compensation between CEOs and average employees has sparked controversy, with Starbucks CEO Niccol's salary being 6,666 times that of a part-time barista earning approximately $15,000 annually [6] - Experts argue that the widening income inequality is a significant issue, with the CEO-to-worker pay gap contributing to wealth concentration at the top and influencing the political landscape [6] - The high pay ratio between employees and CEOs may reflect the company's business model, with retail executives typically earning more compared to tech CEOs who hire full-time engineers [7]

Core Insights - In 2024, the median total compensation for CEOs of S&P 500 companies rose to $19 million, marking a 7.2% year-over-year increase, the fastest growth in four years [3][4] - This increase significantly outpaced the inflation rate and the overall wage growth of the U.S. labor force, which saw a total compensation growth of 3.6% and a consumer price index (CPI) increase of 2.9% during the same period [4] Group 1: CEO Compensation Trends - The total CEO compensation for S&P 500 companies increased by 7.7% last year [3] - Eric Hoffmann from Farient Advisors noted that executive pay growth continues to exceed inflation and average employee wage growth, leading to stricter scrutiny of compensation packages [4] Group 2: Notable CEO Earnings - Rick Smith, CEO of Axon Enterprise, topped the list with a total compensation of $165 million, primarily from stock awards linked to revenue targets [8] - Starbucks CEO Brian Niccol ranked second with a total compensation of $95.8 million, which included a signing bonus and significant stock awards [8] Group 3: Pay Disparity Concerns - The pay gap between executives and average employees has raised concerns, with Niccol's salary being 6,666 times that of a part-time barista earning approximately $15,000 annually [11] - Experts argue that the widening income inequality is exacerbated by the significant compensation disparities between CEOs and regular workers, influencing political dynamics in the U.S. [11]

Core Insights - The median total compensation for CEOs of S&P 500 companies has risen to $19 million in 2024, marking a 7.2% year-over-year increase, the fastest growth in four years [1] - This increase in CEO compensation significantly outpaces inflation and wage growth for the overall U.S. workforce, which saw a total compensation growth of 3.6% and a consumer price index (CPI) increase of 2.9% during the same period [1] Group 1: CEO Compensation Trends - The total compensation for S&P 500 CEOs increased by 7.7% last year, with the median reaching $19 million [1] - Eric Hoffmann, Chief Data Officer at Farient Advisors, noted that executive pay growth continues to exceed inflation and average employee wage growth [1] Group 2: Notable High Compensation Cases - Rick Smith, CEO of Axon Enterprise, topped the list of S&P 500 CEOs with a total compensation of $165 million, primarily from stock awards linked to revenue targets [3] - Starbucks CEO Brian Niccol ranked second with a total compensation of $95.8 million, which included a $5 million signing bonus and substantial stock awards [3][4] Group 3: Pay Disparity Concerns - The disparity in compensation between executives and average employees has raised concerns, with Starbucks CEO Niccol's salary being 6,666 times that of a part-time barista earning approximately $15,000 [5][6] - Experts argue that the growing income inequality and the concentration of wealth among the super-rich are exacerbated by such pay disparities [6]