宏观周报 国内7月经济增速边际放缓 潘响（投资咨询证号：Z0021448） 投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2011】1290号 2025年8月15日 摘要 国内方面，7 月经济数据已正式公布，从各项数值表现来看，经济增速呈现边际放缓态势。当前经济数据 虽在边际上呈现下滑态势，但不必过分焦虑。目前一揽子稳经济政策正逐步落地见效，除育儿相关支持政策 外，促消费等政策也在持续出台。若后续经济数据继续走低，相关政策有望进一步加码发力。8月12日，财政 部、中国人民银行、金融监管总局联合印发《个人消费贷款财政贴息政策实施方案》，与此同时，财政部等 九部门共同发布《服务业经营主体贷款贴息政策实施方案》。两项政策是对前期《提振消费专项行动方案》 的具体落实，通过从供需两端发力促进消费。而《提振消费专项行动方案》的顶层设计表明，当前促消费政 策仍有较大发力空间。后续在健全最低工资标准调整机制、提升医疗养老保障能力、发展养老托育服务等领 域，预计会有更多政策出台，从而真正形成政策合力，推动消费需求持续改善。海外方面，9 月是否降息仍存 在不确定性，后续需重点关注美国经济数据的变化，以及杰克逊霍尔年会上鲍威尔的发言所释放的政策信 ...

Core Insights - The U.S. ADP employment numbers unexpectedly decreased by 33,000 in June, contrasting with the expected increase of 98,000, and the previous value was revised down from an increase of 37,000 to 29,000 [1] Group 1: Employment Data - The June ADP employment figures reflect the first decline in over two years, indicating a significant downturn in service sector employment [1] - The data suggests that the labor market may face more severe adjustments as economic growth slows [1] Group 2: Economic Implications - ADP's Chief Economist Nela Richardson noted that while large-scale layoffs have not yet occurred, strategies such as hiring freezes and not replacing natural attrition are leading to a contraction in the job market [1] - Employers are becoming increasingly cautious about the impact of trade policies under the Trump administration and are focusing on aligning workforce numbers with the slowing economic activity this year [1]

Core Viewpoint - The issue of immigration is not within the responsibilities of the Federal Reserve, as stated by Powell, highlighting the impact of immigration policies on labor force growth and economic performance [1] Economic Impact - The U.S. President's immigration policies have led to a slowdown in labor force growth [1] - The deceleration in employment growth is contributing to a broader slowdown in economic growth [1] - Economic growth in the U.S. is projected to slow down by 2025, with immigration being one of the contributing factors [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the impact of geopolitical tensions and economic indicators on metal prices, particularly copper, aluminum, and zinc [1][2] - The three-month copper price increased by 0.46% to $9,713 per ton, influenced by a weaker US dollar, while risk aversion due to conflicts in the Middle East limited further gains [1] - The US dollar index fell by 0.1%, making dollar-denominated commodities cheaper for investors holding other currencies [1] Group 2 - Concerns over oil supply in the Middle East have led to rising oil prices, which could negatively affect global economic growth and potentially increase inflation [1] - Recent data indicates a slowdown in US economic growth, with May retail sales declining more than expected, linked to changes in US tariff policies [1] - China's imports of aluminum ore and its concentrates rose by 29.4% year-on-year in May 2025, totaling 17.51 million tons, while the first five months of 2025 saw a 33.1% increase to 85.18 million tons [1] Group 3 - In other base metals, three-month aluminum prices fell by 0.02% to $2,550 per ton, while zinc prices rose by 0.55% to $2,653 per ton [2] - Lead prices increased by 0.18% to $1,979.5 per ton, nickel prices slightly rose by 0.24% to $14,960 per ton, and tin prices saw a 1.11% increase to $32,625 per ton [2]

Group 1: Key Recommendations - The report recommends Li Auto-W (02015) due to the resilient performance of the L series and the launch of the i8 model, which is expected to initiate a new product cycle [4] - The sales of the i series models are anticipated to exceed expectations, driven by enhanced charging infrastructure and product design that alleviates range anxiety [4] - Revenue projections for Li Auto from 2025 to 2027 are estimated at RMB 1700.09 billion, RMB 2255.53 billion, and RMB 2907.42 billion respectively, with net profit forecasts of RMB 89.89 billion, RMB 149.26 billion, and RMB 195.33 billion, reflecting year-on-year growth rates of 11.9%, 66.1%, and 30.9% [4] Group 2: Industry Insights - The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) industry is characterized by high cash reserves and stable profit growth, similar to the banking sector, with minimal impact from overseas situations [6] - The report anticipates a significant improvement in revenue and profit growth for the TCM industry in Q2 2025 compared to Q1, with continued growth expected in H2 2025 [6] - The report highlights a shift in market perception towards TCM, emphasizing its value in a context of trade protection and economic slowdown, suggesting that TCM's configuration value deserves attention [6] Group 3: Consumer Sector Analysis - The consumer sector, particularly in dining and beverage, is expected to recover, with leading brands in fast food and tea drinks projected to see positive same-store sales growth in Q2 and Q3 of 2025 [7] - The report notes that despite ongoing pressure on domestic consumption, the restaurant sector remains a relatively safe investment, with opportunities for valuation increases [7] - The analysis indicates that the market's focus on growth rates, regardless of low base effects, reflects a willingness to invest in growth stories within the consumer sector [7]

Group 1 - Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell stated that the significant policy adjustments in tariffs by the Trump administration are unprecedented in modern history, placing the Fed in uncharted territory [1] - Powell emphasized that the current tariff increases have exceeded expectations, leading to ongoing uncertainty that could result in sustained economic damage, including weakened economic growth, rising unemployment, and accelerated inflation [2][3] - Most economists believe that the tariff policies will ultimately exacerbate inflation and increase unemployment, particularly with the implementation of large-scale "reciprocal tariffs" postponed until July [2][4] Group 2 - Powell predicted that inflation is "very likely" to intensify, indicating that part of the burden from tariffs will be borne by the public [3] - Following Powell's remarks, U.S. stock markets experienced significant declines, with the Dow Jones dropping 700 points (1.7% decrease), the S&P 500 falling by 2.5%, and the Nasdaq Composite decreasing by 3.5% [3] - The World Trade Organization (WTO) reported that the global trade war will inflict damage on the global economy, with North America experiencing a more pronounced economic slowdown compared to other regions [4]