2026 年度策略报告 贵金属：金银抗纛 铂钯起势 有色研究总监：展大鹏 年报摘要： ⚫ 2025 年行情回顾 2025 年黄金市场的走势受到多重因素的影响，从全球宏观经济形势到地缘政治的变 动，以及市场参与者的情绪波动等。全年来看，伦敦现货黄金波动区间在 2613.9— 4381.17 美元/盎司，均价约在 3400.79 美元/盎司，较去年均价上涨约 40%；伦敦现货 白银虽后知后觉，但在黄金强势上涨及金银比回归预期的推动下，价格亦实现历史性 的突破，全年价格波动区间在 28.311—58.968 美元/盎司，均价 38.192 美元/盎司，较 去年均价上涨约 33.2%；金银比也从高位 100 上方快速回落至 71 附近。 ⚫ 2026 年市场分析逻辑 黄金的定价逻辑正发生深刻转变，传统的以美国为首的"实际利率"与"美元"黄金 定价锚在 2022 年后（俄乌冲突发生后）效用下降，取而代之的是以"法币信用对冲" 为核心，"全球地缘秩序重构"为辅助的多元化的定价体系。在此定价体系下，黄金 成为衡量全球主权信用、特别是美元体系稳健性的度量衡。2026 年的黄金走势或是 对该体系稳定性的验证与延伸。全年运行区间 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent surge in non-ferrous metal prices is driven by a combination of macroeconomic factors, including the re-evaluation of the global monetary system and the weakening of the US dollar, which has led to increased demand for these metals as a hedge against currency devaluation [3][4]. Group 1: Macro Environment - The current bull market in non-ferrous metals is rooted in a broader macroeconomic context, characterized by a long-term reassessment of the global monetary system and the creditworthiness of the US dollar [3]. - Analysts believe that the dual loosening of US fiscal and monetary discipline is a key driver of the long-term strong performance of non-ferrous metals, which are viewed as hard currencies against currency depreciation [3][4]. - The recent price movements of gold, silver, and copper reflect the volatility of the dollar's credit, with gold breaking the $4000 per ounce mark and copper nearing $11000 per ton [4]. Group 2: Supply Constraints - The supply side is facing long-term constraints, with declining ore grades requiring more mining to obtain the same amount of metal, leading to significantly higher marginal costs [7]. - There is insufficient capital expenditure in the mining sector due to lower returns on investment, which has resulted in a cautious approach to expansion despite rising commodity prices [8]. - The reduction in high-quality mines and the strategic elevation of resource commodities are further tightening supply, as countries implement measures to enhance resource value [9]. Group 3: Demand Drivers - A new demand engine centered around AI and renewable energy is emerging, significantly increasing the demand for copper and other non-ferrous metals [10]. - The demand for metals related to AI infrastructure and energy upgrades is expected to grow, with renewable energy accounting for a substantial portion of demand in traditional cyclical industries [10]. - The shift in demand dynamics is evident as the contribution of real estate and infrastructure to metal demand has decreased, while the share from the renewable energy sector has increased significantly [10]. Group 4: Market Outlook - The non-ferrous metals sector is poised for a "Davis Double Play," where both earnings and valuations could rise as the market recognizes the non-cyclical nature of high commodity prices [13]. - The combination of long-term supply constraints and increasing demand from manufacturing and strategic reserves positions non-ferrous metals as a core component of the ongoing commodity bull market [13]. - Analysts predict that non-ferrous metals will maintain a high level of prosperity in the coming years, driven by a recovery in downstream demand and a favorable capital expenditure cycle [13].

Core Viewpoint - The recent surge in prices of precious and non-ferrous metals is driven by a combination of macroeconomic factors, supply constraints, and new demand from sectors like AI and renewable energy [2][4][9]. Group 1: Macroeconomic Factors - The current bull market in non-ferrous metals is rooted in a long-term reassessment of the global monetary system and the credit of the US dollar, with a weakening dollar driving demand for metals as a hedge against currency devaluation [4][5]. - The price of gold, which recently surpassed $4000 per ounce, is seen as a leading indicator for other metals, with copper and silver also experiencing significant price increases [5][11]. Group 2: Supply Constraints - The supply side is facing long-term constraints due to declining ore grades and high costs of new capacity, which require optimistic price expectations to stimulate investment [7][8]. - There is a notable reduction in high-quality mines and an increasing strategic value of resource commodities, as countries implement measures to enhance resource value [8]. Group 3: New Demand Drivers - The demand for non-ferrous metals is being significantly boosted by AI and renewable energy sectors, with AI-related infrastructure and electric grid upgrades driving copper demand [9]. - The share of demand from the renewable energy sector in traditional cyclical industries is expected to grow, with projections indicating that it could account for over 20% of demand for metals like aluminum and copper [9][12]. Group 4: Market Dynamics - The recent volatility in metal prices reflects market skepticism about the sustainability of high prices, but there is potential for a "Davis Double Play" where earnings and valuations could rise simultaneously if high prices are accepted as a new norm [11][12]. - The overall outlook for non-ferrous metals remains positive, with expectations of sustained high demand and supply constraints leading to a "slow bull" market over the next one to two years [12].

Core Insights - International gold prices continue to rise, with spot gold reaching $4,070 per ounce, marking a historical high and an increase of over 55% year-to-date [1] - The rise in gold prices is supported by central bank purchases, increased holdings in exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts [3][4] - The current market environment, characterized by high debt levels, low real interest rates, and geopolitical uncertainties, enhances gold's strategic allocation value [6] ETF Performance - Gold stock ETFs have increased by over 4%, while various other gold-related ETFs have risen by more than 3% [1] - Gold ETFs are purely price-tracking tools anchored to physical gold, reflecting fluctuations in gold prices and supporting T+0 trading [2] - The gold stock ETF primarily invests in gold-related companies listed in Hong Kong and A-shares, with significant holdings in leading gold mining firms [3] Market Dynamics - The recent surge in gold prices is attributed to speculative capital entering the market, with technical indicators showing that gold is in an overbought territory [4] - The ongoing U.S.-China trade tensions contribute to market uncertainties, which may lead to increased demand for safe-haven assets like gold [4] - The U.S. government's fiscal issues and potential new tariffs on imports are expected to further stimulate gold prices [3] Long-term Outlook - The long-term bullish logic for gold remains intact, driven by a weaker dollar and ongoing central bank gold purchases amid global economic instability [3][4] - Historical patterns suggest that gold stocks often exhibit greater elasticity following confirmed upward trends in gold prices [5] - The strategic allocation to gold is increasingly favored as a response to the inadequacies of traditional safe-haven assets in the current geopolitical climate [6]

Core Viewpoint - The recent surge in non-ferrous metal prices, including gold, copper, and silver, is driven by a combination of macroeconomic factors and supply-demand dynamics, indicating a potential "super cycle" rather than a temporary market reaction [1][2]. Group 1: Macroeconomic Factors - The current bull market in non-ferrous metals is rooted in a long-term reassessment of the global monetary system and the credit of the US dollar, with a weakening dollar contributing to the strong performance of these metals as a hedge against currency devaluation [1][2]. - Analysts believe that the ongoing monetary expansion and the trend towards a weaker dollar, along with the initiation of a Federal Reserve rate-cutting cycle, will continue to boost precious metal prices, particularly gold [1][2]. Group 2: Supply Constraints - Supply-side constraints are expected to tighten over the long term due to declining ore grades, which require more mining to obtain the same amount of metal, leading to increased marginal costs [3][4]. - There is insufficient capital expenditure in the mining sector, as the declining returns from mining operations deter large-scale investments despite rising commodity prices [4][5]. - The number of high-quality mines is decreasing, and countries are using administrative measures to enhance the value of their resources, indicating that resource commodities are transitioning from cyclical products to strategic assets [5][6]. Group 3: Demand Drivers - A new demand engine centered around AI and renewable energy is emerging, significantly increasing the demand for copper and other metals [6][7]. - The shift in demand dynamics is evident as the share of renewable energy industries in the demand for traditional cyclical metals like copper and aluminum has risen substantially [7][8]. Group 4: Market Dynamics - The recent price volatility in major non-ferrous metals, such as copper reaching $11,000 per ton before a significant drop, reflects market skepticism about the sustainability of high commodity prices [8][9]. - Analysts suggest that if the consensus shifts to view the current high prices as a long-term trend rather than a cyclical fluctuation, the sector could experience a "Davis double play," where both earnings and valuations rise [8][9]. Group 5: Future Outlook - Non-ferrous metals are expected to be the mainstay of the current commodity bull market, driven by long-term supply constraints and increasing demand from manufacturing and strategic resource needs [9]. - The outlook for the next one to two years remains positive for industrial metals, small metals, and gold, although potential risks from tariffs and economic data deterioration in the US need to be monitored [9].

Core Viewpoint - The report from Guosen Securities suggests that the opportunity for the third wave of gold may be triggered by a peak in the overseas artificial intelligence technology wave, but currently, there are no signs of this occurring [1][5]. Group 1: Gold as an Asset Class - Gold plays a crucial role in asset allocation for diversification and risk hedging, with optimal allocation ratios being a topic of market interest [1]. - Ray Dalio suggests a reasonable allocation of 15% for gold, while Jeffrey Gundlach believes it could be as high as 25%, especially in the context of high inflation and government debt [1]. - The report emphasizes that holding cash and bonds is not an effective wealth preservation strategy in the current economic environment, making gold a valuable independent asset [1]. Group 2: Historical Performance and Allocation Strategies - A simple rebalancing model indicates that since 2013, a portfolio with a 25% allocation to stocks and bonds has underperformed compared to a portfolio heavily weighted in gold, which has shown a net value of 5.84 [2]. - For household asset allocation, a gold allocation of 2-10% is deemed appropriate, with historical data showing that a 10% allocation resulted in a cumulative return of 138.50% compared to 126.10% for portfolios without gold [3]. Group 3: Institutional Asset Management - For institutional asset management products, gold allocation can be increased to over 10%, with optimal allocation averaging 18% based on mean-variance optimization from 1972 to 2014 [4]. - Gold has demonstrated robust performance in various inflation environments, particularly when annual inflation exceeds 5%, and it shows positive or low negative correlation during downturns in stock, bond, and commodity markets [4]. Group 4: Current Market Outlook - Guosen Securities maintains a positive long-term outlook for gold, citing insufficient global safe-haven assets post the Ukraine crisis and concerns over the credibility of the Federal Reserve [5]. - The report notes that the third wave opportunity for gold may arise from a shift in capital flows due to a peak in the AI technology sector, although no such signals have been observed yet [5].

Core Insights - The report maintains a positive long-term outlook on gold prices, with current prices at $4017.845 per ounce in London and ¥913.26 per gram in Shanghai as of November 12, 2025, driven by rising risk aversion amid declines in major U.S. stock indices [3][4] - The recommended allocation of gold in personal asset portfolios is between 2% to 10%, while institutional allocations can be increased above 10% [6][7] Allocation Strategies - Gold plays a crucial role in diversification and risk hedging within asset allocation. Ray Dalio suggests a reasonable allocation of 15%, while Jeffrey Gundlach proposes up to 25%, citing high inflation and government debt as key factors [4][5] - Historical data shows that a portfolio with 10% gold allocation from 2005 to 2019 achieved a cumulative return of 138.50%, outperforming a non-gold portfolio [6] - For institutional asset management products, the optimal allocation of gold in a traditional 60/40 stock-bond portfolio averaged 18% from 1972 to 2014, particularly effective in high inflation environments [7] Market Conditions - The report identifies two primary principles for gold allocation: the insufficiency of global safe-haven assets post-Ukrainian crisis and doubts regarding the credibility of the Federal Reserve, which could lead to a reassessment of the dollar's value [8][10] - The report suggests that the third wave of gold opportunities may arise from a potential peak in the overseas AI technology wave, although no immediate signs are present [8]