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Report Title - Nickel and Stainless Steel Industry Chain Weekly Report, dated October 31, 2025 [1] Report's Core Views Bullish Factors - Strong demand in the new energy sector, with increased production of ternary precursors, is driving up the price of nickel sulfate [3]. - High prices of nickel ore, and with the rainy season approaching in the Philippines, mines are more inclined to hold prices [3]. Bearish Factors - Weak fundamentals of refined nickel, with continuous accumulation of social inventory, suppressing the rebound of nickel prices [3]. - Insufficient demand in the stainless - steel sector, and the "Golden October" peak season was lackluster, with high social inventory [3]. Trading Advisory View - The macro sentiment and the current situation of fundamental oversupply counterbalance each other, limiting the upside potential of prices [3] Market Data Summary Nickel Futures - The closing prices of SHFE nickel contracts (main, continuous 1, 2, 3) decreased by -1.16%, -0.96%, -0.98%, -0.98% respectively, and LME nickel 3M decreased by -0.90%. The trading volume decreased by -23.48%, and the open interest decreased by -1.0%. The warehouse receipt quantity increased by 17.61%, and the basis of the main contract decreased by -77.14% [4] Stainless Steel Futures - The closing prices of stainless - steel contracts (main, continuous 1, 2, 3) decreased by -1%, -0.66%, -0.35%, -0.23% respectively. The trading volume decreased by -33.67%, and the open interest decreased by -22.61%. The warehouse receipt quantity decreased by -0.56%, and the basis of the main contract increased by 15.18% [5] Spot Prices - The prices of金川 nickel, imported nickel, 1 electrolytic nickel, nickel beans, and electrowon nickel increased by 0.24%, 0.21%, 0.25%, 0.20%, 0.29% respectively [5] Inventory Data - Domestic social nickel inventory increased by 1094 tons, LME nickel inventory decreased by 66 tons, stainless - steel social inventory increased by 0.4 thousand tons, and nickel pig iron inventory decreased by 174 tons [7] Data Charts - The report includes multiple data charts showing the historical trends of stainless - steel futures closing prices, nickel spot average prices, nickel and stainless - steel inventory, upstream nickel ore prices and inventory, downstream nickel sulfate prices and profit margins, and stainless - steel production and profit margins [8][9][14]

Group 1: Investment Ratings - There is no information provided regarding the industry investment rating in the report. Group 2: Core Views - The nickel market has high inventories and an oversupplied pattern, so nickel prices are expected to remain in low - level oscillations. The stainless - steel market has weak downstream demand growth, increasing inventories, and weakening cost support, so it is expected to remain in range - bound oscillations [3][5]. Group 3: Nickel Market Analysis Futures - On October 23, 2025, the main contract 2512 of Shanghai nickel opened at 121,100 yuan/ton and closed at 121,380 yuan/ton, a 0.19% change from the previous trading day's close. The trading volume was 93,921 (+20,070) lots, and the open interest was 127,005 (+5,694) lots. The main contract showed a volatile pattern of opening low and closing high, with a fluctuation range of only 0.44%. Supported by the expectation of loose liquidity and strong new - energy demand, along with the overall strength of the non - ferrous sector, the price oscillated upward [1]. Nickel Ore - The nickel ore market is mainly in a wait - and - see state, and prices are stable. There is a certain price difference between supply and demand in the domestic market. In the Philippines, the Surigao mining area is about to enter the rainy season, and shipments are coming to an end. In Indonesia, the domestic trade benchmark price in October (Phase II) increased by 0.06 - 0.11 US dollars, and the current mainstream premium is +26, with the premium range mostly between +25 - 27. Indonesian factories have recently been purchasing raw materials [2]. Spot - Jinchuan Group's sales price in the Shanghai market was 123,300 yuan/ton, a decrease of 100 yuan/ton from the previous trading day. Spot trading was average, and the spot premiums of each brand increased slightly. The previous trading day's Shanghai nickel warehouse receipts were 26,881 (-72) tons, and LME nickel inventories were 250,854 (-24) tons [2]. Strategy - Due to high inventories and oversupply, it is expected that nickel prices will remain in low - level oscillations. The strategy is mainly range - bound operations for the single - side, and no operations for cross - period, cross - variety, spot - futures, and options [3]. Group 4: Stainless - Steel Market Analysis Futures - On October 23, 2025, the main contract 2512 of stainless steel opened at 12,700 yuan/ton and closed at 12,765 yuan/ton. The trading volume was 151,385 (+52,175) lots, and the open interest was 166,411 (-4,171) lots. Driven by the strong nickel price, the main contract showed a volatile and strong trend with increasing volume and price, but there was a short - term oversold rebound. The continuous reduction of open interest in the main contract for 5 days reflects strong risk - aversion sentiment among funds, and the market doubts the sustainability of the rebound [3]. Spot - The driving effect of futures on spot is not obvious, and actual trading remains light. Spot prices remain low. The stainless - steel price in the Wuxi market is 13,000 (+0) yuan/ton, and in the Foshan market is 13,000 (+0) yuan/ton. The 304/2B premium is 335 - 635 yuan/ton. The ex - factory tax - included average price of high - nickel pig iron decreased by 1.50 yuan/nickel point to 934.0 yuan/nickel point [3]. Strategy - Due to weak downstream demand growth, increasing inventories, and weakening cost support, stainless steel is expected to remain in a range - bound oscillation. The single - side strategy is neutral, and no operations for cross - period, cross - variety, spot - futures, and options [5].

Core Viewpoint - The recent surge in non-ferrous metal prices is driven by a combination of macroeconomic factors, including the re-evaluation of the global monetary system and the weakening of the US dollar, which has led to increased demand for these metals as a hedge against currency devaluation [3][4]. Group 1: Macro Environment - The current bull market in non-ferrous metals is rooted in a broader macroeconomic context, characterized by a long-term reassessment of the global monetary system and the creditworthiness of the US dollar [3]. - Analysts believe that the dual loosening of US fiscal and monetary discipline is a key driver of the long-term strong performance of non-ferrous metals, which are viewed as hard currencies against currency depreciation [3][4]. - The recent price movements of gold, silver, and copper reflect the volatility of the dollar's credit, with gold breaking the $4000 per ounce mark and copper nearing $11000 per ton [4]. Group 2: Supply Constraints - The supply side is facing long-term constraints, with declining ore grades requiring more mining to obtain the same amount of metal, leading to significantly higher marginal costs [7]. - There is insufficient capital expenditure in the mining sector due to lower returns on investment, which has resulted in a cautious approach to expansion despite rising commodity prices [8]. - The reduction in high-quality mines and the strategic elevation of resource commodities are further tightening supply, as countries implement measures to enhance resource value [9]. Group 3: Demand Drivers - A new demand engine centered around AI and renewable energy is emerging, significantly increasing the demand for copper and other non-ferrous metals [10]. - The demand for metals related to AI infrastructure and energy upgrades is expected to grow, with renewable energy accounting for a substantial portion of demand in traditional cyclical industries [10]. - The shift in demand dynamics is evident as the contribution of real estate and infrastructure to metal demand has decreased, while the share from the renewable energy sector has increased significantly [10]. Group 4: Market Outlook - The non-ferrous metals sector is poised for a "Davis Double Play," where both earnings and valuations could rise as the market recognizes the non-cyclical nature of high commodity prices [13]. - The combination of long-term supply constraints and increasing demand from manufacturing and strategic reserves positions non-ferrous metals as a core component of the ongoing commodity bull market [13]. - Analysts predict that non-ferrous metals will maintain a high level of prosperity in the coming years, driven by a recovery in downstream demand and a favorable capital expenditure cycle [13].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" and is maintained [6]. Core Views - The company's profitability is pressured by declining lithium prices, with a focus on the potential growth of small metals and copper resources [4][9]. - In Q2 2025, the company reported a net profit attributable to shareholders of -0.46 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 121% and a quarter-on-quarter decrease of 134% [2][4]. - The company is diversifying its metal resources, with steady development in lithium and rubidium-cesium segments, while accelerating the expansion into gallium, germanium, and copper [9]. Financial Performance - In H1 2025, the company achieved lithium salt sales of 17,900 tons, a year-on-year increase of 6.37%, and began direct sales of self-produced lithium concentrate, with sales of 34,800 tons [9]. - The rubidium-cesium segment generated revenue of 708 million yuan in H1 2025, a year-on-year increase of 50.43%, with a gross profit of approximately 511 million yuan, also up by 50.15% [9]. - The copper smelting business faced a net profit loss of approximately 200 million yuan due to a significant decline in industry processing fees [9]. Future Outlook - The company is advancing its lithium sulfate project in Africa and enhancing resource utilization efficiency at the Tanco mine in Canada [9]. - A lithium salt technical transformation project commenced in June 2025, expected to increase smelting capacity by 5,000 tons while reducing costs [9]. - The copper segment is progressing with the Kitumba copper mine project, with initial design work completed and construction underway [9].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "stronger than market" rating for the non-ferrous metal industry [8] Core Views - The expectation of interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve is driving market sentiment, leading to a resurgence in domestic copper prices above 80,000 [5] - The gold market is experiencing a surge due to increased safe-haven buying driven by rising interest rate cut expectations, with prices continuing to rise [4] - The industrial metals sector is supported by a tight supply situation, particularly for copper, while aluminum prices are expected to remain stable due to strong demand from the new energy sector [5][18] Summary by Sections Precious Metals - The expectation of interest rate cuts has intensified safe-haven buying, resulting in continued increases in gold prices. The U.S. non-farm payroll report indicates a weakening labor market, raising concerns about further deterioration [4][13] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) for August showed a surprising decline of 0.1% month-on-month, with the annual inflation rate dropping to 2.6%, below the expected 3.3% [4][13] - Key stocks to watch include Zhongjin, Zijin, and Chaijin in A-shares, and Lingbao, WanGuo Gold Group, and China National Gold International in H-shares [4][13] Industrial Metals - The copper market is experiencing a tight supply situation, with domestic copper prices rising above 80,000. The expectation of interest rate cuts is expected to boost investment and consumption, further supporting copper prices [5][14] - Aluminum prices are expected to remain stable due to a combination of supply constraints and strong demand from the new energy sector [5][18] - Key stocks to focus on include Jiangxi Copper H, Tongling Nonferrous, and Huayou Cobalt in A-shares, and Minmetals and China Nonferrous in H-shares [5][18] New Energy Metals - Lithium carbonate prices have declined slightly, but downstream demand remains strong, particularly in the electric vehicle and energy storage sectors [19] - The supply side is stable, with production expected to increase slightly, while demand is showing signs of growth as the traditional peak season approaches [19] - Key stocks to consider include Zhongjin Lingnan and Canggu Lithium [19] Other Minor Metals - Tungsten prices are expected to remain strong due to tight supply and low social inventory, with prices potentially reaching 300,000 per ton [20][24] - Molybdenum prices are experiencing slight adjustments due to increased profit-taking, but high-quality supply remains tight [23][24] - Key stocks to watch include Jiajin International and Xiamen Tungsten in tungsten, and Jinchuan Group and Guocheng Mining in molybdenum [20][23]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the industry [8] Core Views - The probability of a Federal Reserve rate cut in September has risen to over 90%, which is expected to open up upward momentum for gold prices, indicating a new cycle of price increases [2][12] - Industrial metals, particularly copper, are anticipated to benefit from the Fed's dovish stance and the upcoming seasonal demand peak, with expectations of price increases [3][14] - In the new energy metals sector, lithium carbonate prices have shown volatility, but the long-term outlook remains positive due to strong demand from the electric vehicle industry [4][19] - The rare earth sector is expected to see price increases due to new regulatory measures that will tighten supply [4][23] Summary by Sections Precious Metals - The report highlights a significant increase in the likelihood of a Fed rate cut, which is expected to boost gold prices and initiate a new upward trend [2][12] - Key stocks to watch include established players like Zhaojin Mining and Zijin Mining, as well as emerging stocks like Xijin and Xiaocheng [2][13] Industrial Metals - Copper prices are expected to rise due to supply constraints and seasonal demand, with a focus on the inventory depletion rhythm [3][14] - Key stocks include Baima Jin Chengxin and Cangge Mining, with emerging stocks like Beikong and Minmetals [3][18] New Energy Metals - Lithium carbonate prices have fluctuated, but the demand remains resilient, with a focus on strategic stock positioning [4][19] - Recommended stocks include Yaluka and Jiangte, with additional attention on low-cost nickel projects [4][20] Other Minor Metals - The report notes a significant increase in rare earth prices, driven by new government regulations that will tighten supply [4][21] - Key stocks to monitor include Hunan Gold and Northern Rare Earth [4][23] Market Review - The overall performance of the non-ferrous metals index increased by 1.3%, with tungsten showing the highest gains among sub-sectors [4][24] - Notable stock performances include Yian Technology with a 28.84% increase and Zhangyuan Tungsten with a 25.23% increase [4][26] Valuation - The report indicates that the copper and aluminum sectors are currently undervalued, with a PE ratio of 24.00 times for the non-ferrous industry [4][34] - The aluminum sector is expected to see valuation increases due to supply constraints and rising demand for green metals [4][34]

Report Information - Report Title: Nickel and Stainless Steel Industry Chain Weekly Report - Report Date: August 15, 2025 - Author: Xu Liang (Z0002220), Reviewed by Tang Yun (Z0002422) Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the report Core Viewpoints Bullish Factors - Rising new energy demand, increased demand from some downstream precursor factories, and relatively stable transactions [3] - Macro support: Rising expectations of a Fed rate cut, a decline in the US dollar, and the release of domestic liquidity boosting demand expectations [3] Bearish Factors - High nickel ore inventory, an obvious situation of strong supply and weak demand, and a loosening of the bottom support [3] - Increasing supply from Indonesia and weak demand in the stainless steel and new energy sectors [3] Trading Advisory Viewpoint - Support at the lower end of the nickel range, with futures prices oscillating strongly [3] Market Data Nickel Futures - The closing price of the main contract of Shanghai nickel was 121,200 yuan/ton, down 930 yuan (-0.76%) from the previous week [4] - The trading volume was 102,257 lots, down 10,292 lots (-9.14%) from the previous week [4] - The open interest was 66,437 lots, down 10,756 lots (-13.9%) from the previous week [4] Stainless Steel Futures - The closing price of the main contract of stainless steel was 13,025 yuan/ton, down 200 yuan (-2%) from the previous week [4] - The trading volume was 160,562 lots, down 42,051 lots (-20.75%) from the previous week [4] - The open interest was 135,237 lots, down 23 lots (-0.02%) from the previous week [4] Spot Prices - The price of Jinchuan nickel was 124,400 yuan/ton, down 400 yuan (-0.32%) from the previous day [4] - The price of imported nickel was 122,700 yuan/ton, down 450 yuan (-0.37%) from the previous day [4] Inventory Data - Domestic social nickel inventory was 40,572 tons, an increase of 1,086 tons from the previous period [4] - LME nickel inventory was 211,140 tons, an increase of 42 tons from the previous period [6] - Stainless steel social inventory was 954 tons, a decrease of 12.2 tons from the previous period [6] - Nickel pig iron inventory was 33,415 tons, an increase of 182 tons from the previous period [6] Other Information - The report includes various charts and data on nickel and stainless steel, such as historical prices, production, and inventory [8][10][12]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a strong rating for the non-ferrous metals sector, indicating a positive outlook for investment opportunities [2][27]. Core Insights - The report highlights that the recent rise in lithium prices is driven by supply disruptions and seasonal demand peaks, with short-term projections suggesting prices could rebound to 85,000-90,000, and optimistically to 100,000 [3][19]. - The gold market is supported by expectations of interest rate cuts from the Federal Reserve, with geopolitical uncertainties and trade tensions contributing to a bullish sentiment for gold and silver [2][12]. - The copper market is expected to benefit from ongoing supply constraints and strong demand from the renewable energy sector, with a positive long-term outlook for copper prices [3][15]. Summary by Sections Precious Metals - The report notes that U.S. CPI data has reinforced expectations for interest rate cuts, leading to a stable upward trend in gold prices. The geopolitical landscape and trade tensions are expected to continue supporting gold as a safe-haven asset [2][12]. - Recommended stocks include both blue-chip and speculative options in the gold and silver sectors [2][13]. Industrial Metals - The copper market is characterized by tight supply conditions, with disruptions in major mining operations. The report anticipates that copper prices will continue to rise due to strong demand from the renewable energy sector and potential fiscal stimulus measures [3][15]. - Aluminum prices are expected to remain volatile due to seasonal demand fluctuations, but long-term prospects remain positive due to supply constraints [3][18]. New Energy Metals - The lithium market is experiencing significant price increases due to supply issues and high demand in the electric vehicle sector. The report suggests a bullish outlook for lithium prices in the short to medium term [3][19]. - Recommended stocks in the lithium sector include several key players, indicating strategic investment opportunities [3][20]. Other Minor Metals - The report indicates a positive outlook for rare earth elements, particularly praseodymium and neodymium, driven by recovering demand and stable pricing [3][21]. - The molybdenum market is showing signs of recovery with increased trading activity and rising prices due to improved demand from steel manufacturers [3][25].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that silver prices are rising significantly, reaching the highest level since 2011, driven by market concerns over potential U.S. tariff policies and a shift of investors from gold to silver due to its relative undervaluation [1][4] - Silver has seen a cumulative increase of 35% this year, outperforming gold's 28% rise, highlighting its dual role as a safe-haven asset and an industrial raw material [1] - The current market tension is reflected in trading details, with one-month silver implied borrowing costs soaring above 6%, indicating tightening physical silver supply [4] Group 2 - The widening price gap between London spot silver and New York September futures contracts is reminiscent of earlier this year when concerns over U.S. tariffs led to increased transportation of gold and silver from London to the U.S. [4] - The silver market fundamentals support price increases, with the Silver Institute reporting a five-year trend of supply shortages, driven by growing demand in renewable energy sectors like solar panels [4] - Market expectations suggest that silver prices will continue to be supported by trade policy uncertainties and increasing demand for new energy [5]