热点 聚焦 蓝佛安：财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱 01 5月1日出版的最新一期《求是》杂志，刊发财政部党组书记、部长蓝佛安的署名文 章《更加积极财政政策的科学设计与成功实践》，传递出积极财政政策设计的丰富 内容和实施重点。蓝佛安表示，财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱。新时代以来， 面对错综复杂的国内外发展环境，习近平总书记高度重视财政工作，为财政工作定 调指向，亲自决策、亲自部署一系列重大财政政策，有力促进了经济稳定运行，维 护了社会大局稳定。新时代我国财政政策的设计与实践，是习近平经济思想在财政 领域的生动体现。在财政政策实践中，我们深刻体会到，坚持以习近平经济思想为 指引，坚决贯彻落实好党中央决策部署，我国经济发展就没有迈不过去的坎、闯不 过去的关，必须加力实施更加积极的财政政策，推动中国经济巨轮破浪前行。 《清华金融评论》观察 蓝佛安部长强调"财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱"，这一表态体现了以下核心内涵 和政策方向：一是财政的全局性作用。财政不仅是经济调控工具，更是国家治理体系 的关键。此外财政是应对复杂挑战的"压舱石"。二是当前政策发力重点。财政政策可 提振民生与消费。财政可助力风险防范与改革深化。三 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Hubei Xianning government is focusing on enhancing its fiscal capacity to support the development of the Wuhan metropolitan area as a key growth engine for green development [1][3]. Fiscal Performance - In 2024, Xianning's general public budget revenue reached 11.568 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 12.1%, outperforming the provincial average by 6.7 percentage points [3]. - The city maintained a strong focus on social welfare, with over 78% of expenditures allocated to people's livelihood [3]. Revenue Generation Strategies - The fiscal department aims for a 7% growth in general public budget revenue, employing various strategies to expand revenue sources [4]. - Initiatives include establishing incentive mechanisms, promoting tax policies to support key industries, and enhancing investment attraction [4]. - The department is also focusing on revitalizing idle assets, including 46,000 acres of undeveloped land and old factories [4]. Policy Support for Development - The fiscal department is leveraging long-term special bonds and local government bonds to support five major initiatives [5]. - A total of 3.633 billion yuan is allocated for industrial chain investment, while 2.285 billion yuan is designated for technological innovation and industry integration [5]. - Government investment of 5.783 billion yuan is directed towards key projects, aiming to stimulate social capital participation [5]. Social Welfare and Expenditure Structure - The fiscal department is optimizing its expenditure structure to enhance public satisfaction, implementing policies for direct fund allocation [7]. - The department plans to reduce general expenditures by 10% and redirect those funds to education, healthcare, and elderly care [7]. Reform and Mechanism Enhancement - Xianning is advancing fiscal reforms to create a comprehensive fiscal system, targeting over 1 trillion yuan in total assets by 2025 [8]. - The establishment of a 3 billion yuan regional mother fund aims to attract projects in various sectors, including culture and tourism [8]. - The city is also reforming its fiscal system at the district level and incentivizing green industry development in rural areas [8].

Group 1 - The fiscal system in China shows significant revenue and expenditure differentiation, with public budget tax revenue growth slowing to 1.35% year-on-year in 2024, while non-tax revenue relies on local asset revitalization, raising sustainability concerns [1][2] - Government fund budgets are impacted by a 12.18% year-on-year decline in land transfer fees, with over 80% of local revenue dependent on land sales [1][2] - The balance of local government debt is highlighted, with special debt accounting for 65% of total local government debt, and interest payments on 30-year treasury bonds reaching 352.9 billion yuan, representing 4.5% of public budget expenditure [1][2] Group 2 - Regional fiscal differentiation is intensifying, with the East relying on high-tech industries to alleviate pressure, while the North shows mixed results due to real estate impacts, and the Southwest faces challenges from declining land finance [2][3] - National tax revenue is projected to decline by 3.4% in 2024, exacerbating conflicts with rigid growth in social spending, and the retreat of land finance reveals hidden risks in special debt coverage [2][3] - The central-local fiscal relationship is continuously optimizing, with central transfer payments reaching 1 trillion yuan, accounting for 84% of local primary revenue, and reforms focusing on matching local responsibilities with fiscal powers [1][2][3]