证券研究报告|宏观跟踪周报 [Table_Date] 2025 年 10 月 11 日 [Table_Title] 资金利率或低位运行 往后看，税期前资金面有望维持平稳，10 月流动性的考验或集中在月末。受国 庆假期影响，本月税期申报截止日延迟至 27 日，28-29 日为走款日。这也意味着， 税期和跨月周重合，且 10月为季初大税期，跨月前的流动性压力更为突出。而在此 之前，资金面基本处于利空因素真空期。 与此同时，下周政府债供给压力也较低。（10 月 13-17 日）政府债净缴款规模 仅为 748 亿元，对资金面的扰动不大。在此背景下，影响下周流动性的主要因素依 然是公开市场到期。10 月 13-17 日，央行公开市场合计到期 19710 亿元。不过6月 以来，央行惯例是在每月 15 日（遇周末递延至 16 日）续作 6 个月买断式逆回购。 若本月如期投放，资金利率大概率维持低位运行，隔夜利率摆布在 OMO-5bp 附 近，7 天资金利率维持在 1.50%以下。 ►公开市场：10 月 13-17 日，逆回购到期 1 万亿+ [Table_Title2] 流动性跟踪 [Table_Summary] ►概况： ...

中信期货有限公司 CITIC Futures Company Limited 政府债发行追踪―2025年第39周 本周新增一般债发行56亿,环比减少151亿 2025 近2年均值 800 600 400 200 0 -50 第1周 第5周 第13周 第17周 第21周 第25周 第29周 第33周 第41周 第45周 第49周 第53周 截至9/28, 新增一般债发行进度为82.7% 研究员: 程小庆 从业资格号 F3083989 投资咨询号 Z0018635 报告日期: 2025年9月29日 截至9/28, 新增专项债发行进度为83.2% 本周新增专项债发行1496亿，环比增加518亿 2025 近2年均值 2025 · - 2024 -- 2023 2022 - 2021 1.5 r 4500 r 4000 3000 0.5 2000 1000 - -0.5 L 第1周 第4周 第12周 第16周 第20周 第24周 第24周 第28周 第31周 第35周 第39周 第43周 第47周 第51周 第5周 第9周 第13周 第17周 第21周 第25周 第29周 第33周 第37周 第41周 第45周 第4 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided in the report regarding the industry investment rating. 2. Core Viewpoints - This week, the liquidity tightened, mainly due to tax payments, concentrated government bond issuances, and increased capital demand from new stock subscriptions on the Beijing Stock Exchange. The capital interest rates rose significantly to a relatively high level since the second quarter, with increased volatility. The willingness of large - state - owned banks to lend in the inter - bank market needs further restoration, and the central bank maintained net injections, with relatively restrained injections in the first half - week [1][11]. - When approaching the quarter - end, in addition to seasonal disturbances, non - seasonal factors such as more prominent credit expansion at the end of the quarter and the relatively weak "resilience" of large - state - owned banks' lending willingness may amplify the volatility of quarter - end capital interest rates. However, factors such as accelerated fiscal spending and the central bank's support, along with the reform of the 14 - day reverse repurchase tender method, may form positive factors. Overall, the cross - quarter capital situation may present a pattern of "stable with concerns", with controllable pressure but potentially enlarged fluctuations [2][21]. 3. Summaries According to the Table of Contents 3.1. How to Assess the Cross - Quarter Liquidity Pressure? - **This Week's Liquidity Tightening**: This week, the liquidity tightened due to tax payments, government bond issuances, and new stock subscriptions. The capital interest rates rose significantly, and the central bank maintained net injections. The pressure eased towards the end of the week [11]. - **Differences in This Quarter - End**: Compared with previous years, this quarter - end may see more prominent credit expansion. The lending willingness of large - state - owned banks has shown weaker "resilience", which may increase the volatility of quarter - end capital interest rates. However, fiscal spending and the central bank's support, as well as the reform of the 14 - day reverse repurchase tender method, may have a positive impact [21]. 3.2. Open Market: Over 2 Trillion Yuan to Mature Next Week - **This Week's Operations**: During the tax - payment period this week, the central bank maintained net injections of reverse repurchases, with relatively restrained injections in the first half - week and increased injections in the second half. As of September 19, the balance of reverse repurchases was 182.68 billion yuan, an increase of 56.23 billion yuan compared to September 12 [33][34]. - **Next Week's Maturities**: From September 22 - 26, the open - market maturities will exceed 2 trillion yuan, including 182.68 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchases and 30 billion yuan of MLF [3][33]. 3.3. Government Bonds: Issuance Scale to Decline Next Week - **This Week's Situation**: This week, the net payment of government bonds was 40.3 billion yuan. The cumulative issuance of national debt this year reached 5.5435 trillion yuan, with a progress of 90%, and the cumulative issuance of new local bonds was 4.2292 trillion yuan, with a progress of 81% [43][44]. - **Next Week's Outlook**: Next week, the planned issuance of government bonds is 41.31 billion yuan, a decline from this week. The net payment of national debt will be - 8.97 billion yuan, and that of local bonds will be 15.05 billion yuan [4][43]. 3.4. Excess Reserve Tracking and Forecast - **Forecast Results**: It is predicted that the excess reserve ratio in September 2025 will be about 1.73%, a month - on - month increase of about 0.25 percentage points and a year - on - year decrease of 0.07 percentage points [46]. 3.5. Money Market: Net Lending of Large - State - Owned Banks Declined - **Interest Rate Changes**: As of September 19, compared with September 12, DR001, DR007, R001, and R007 all increased. The overnight and 7 - day SHIBOR and CNH HIBOR also changed to varying degrees. The interest rates of interest rate swaps and bill discounts also had corresponding changes [5][49]. - **Trading Volume**: The average daily trading volume of inter - bank pledged repurchase decreased, while that of the Shanghai Stock Exchange's new pledged repurchase of national debt increased [61]. - **Net Lending**: This week, the average net lending of the banking system was 2.74 trillion yuan, a decrease of 377.2 billion yuan compared with last week. Among them, the average net lending of large - state - owned banks was 3.48 trillion yuan, a decrease of 264.6 billion yuan [67]. 3.6. Inter - Bank Certificates of Deposit 3.6.1. Primary Market: Issuance Scale Increased - **Overall Situation**: This week, the total issuance of inter - bank certificates of deposit was 98.35 billion yuan, with a net financing of 896 million yuan, an increase compared with last week [74]. - **By Issuer**: State - owned banks had the highest issuance scale and net financing. The issuance proportions of state - owned banks, joint - stock banks, city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks changed compared with last week [74]. - **By Maturity**: 3 - month certificates of deposit had the highest issuance scale, and 6 - month certificates of deposit had the highest net financing. The issuance proportions of different maturities also changed [74]. 3.6.2. Secondary Market: Yields Rose - **By Maturity**: The yields of AAA - rated certificates of deposit with different maturities all increased [98]. - **By Credit Rating**: The yields of 1 - year certificates of deposit with different credit ratings all increased [98][99][100].

Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided Core Viewpoints of the Report - From September 8 - 12, 2025, the central bank had a net injection of funds through 7 - day reverse repos, and conducted a 600 - billion - yuan 6M outright reverse repo operation on September 15. The weekly average of the inter - bank bond market leverage ratio decreased. The net contribution of government bonds increased, and most of the maturity yields of inter - bank certificates of deposit (NCDs) rose. The money market rate increased marginally, with a tight - then - loose pattern during the week. From September 15 - 21, 2025, the expected net contribution of government bonds is 397.55 billion yuan, and the maturity scale of NCDs is about 850.1 billion yuan [2]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Money Market - **Central Bank's Fund Injection**: From September 8 - 12, 2025, the central bank's 7 - day reverse repo had a net injection of 196.1 billion yuan. On September 15, a 600 - billion - yuan 6M outright reverse repo operation was carried out, with a net injection of 30 billion yuan for the month. By conducting outright reverse repos and MLF operations in different periods of the month, it helps maintain reasonable and sufficient liquidity [6]. - **Money Market Tightening**: From September 8 - 12, 2025, the average values of DR001 and R001 increased by 7.3 and 6.9 basis points respectively compared with September 1 - 5. The average values of DR007 and R007 increased by 2.7 and 2.0 basis points respectively. The money market tightened marginally, and there will still be impacts from tax payments and quarter - end factors in the later period [7]. - **Government Bond Net Contribution**: From September 8 - 14, 2025, the net contribution of government bonds was about 344.2 billion yuan, an increase of about 222.6 billion yuan compared with September 1 - 7. From September 15 - 21, 2025, the expected net contribution of government bonds is 397.55 billion yuan [7]. 2. Inter - bank Certificates of Deposit (NCDs) - **Maturity Yields**: As of September 12, 2025, the maturity yields of 1M and 3M NCDs increased by 10.6 and 1.0 basis points respectively compared with September 5, and the 1Y NCD maturity yield increased by 0.5 basis points [8]. - **Net Financing**: From September 8 - 14, 2025, the net financing of NCDs was about - 468.3 billion yuan. From September 15 - 21, 2025, the expected maturity repayment amount of NCDs is 850.1 billion yuan, and the pressure of maturity renewal has decreased compared with the previous week [8]. 3. Institutional Behavior - **Inter - bank Bond Market Leverage Ratio**: From September 8 - 12, 2025, the average value of the estimated inter - bank bond market leverage ratio was 107.55%, lower than the estimated average value of 107.70% from September 1 - 5 [9].

点击小程序查看报告原文 资料来源：Wind，中金公司研究部 8月新增社融增速下行，货币增速上升幅度放缓。 8月新增社融2.57万亿元，同比少增4630亿元，存量社融增速从7月的9.0%下降到8.8%，这也 是社融同比增速自2024年11月以来第一次出现下行（图表1）。货币供应方面，8月M2同比增速为8.8%，持平于7月，终止了连续4个月的改善 势头（图表2）。8月M1同比增速从7月的5.6%上升到6.0%（图表3），延续上升势头，但同比增速的增加幅度明显放缓。 图表1：8月社融同比增速下行，这是自2024年10月后首次 信贷需求总体仍然偏弱，贷款利率低位震荡。 8月新增企业短期贷款700亿元，在去年低基数影响下同比多增2600亿元，企业中长期贷款、居 民短期贷款、居民中长期贷款分别同比少增200亿元、611亿元、1000亿元，反映整体信贷需求仍然较弱（图表4）。个人住房贷款利率持平于 3.1%的历史低位（图表5），企业贷款利率小幅下降0.1个百分点至3.1%（图表6）。 图表4：8月社融主要分项新增额的同比变化 资料来源：Wind，中金公司研究部 图表3：8月M1同比增速升至6.0%，但增速上升势头放缓 资料 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report indicates that while funding remains active, credit demand is still weak, with August 2025 seeing new RMB loans of 0.59 trillion (compared to 0.9 trillion in August 2024) and new social financing of 2.57 trillion (down from 3.03 trillion in August 2024) [2][3] - The decline in the year-on-year growth rate of social financing is attributed to both a high base effect and weak credit demand from the real economy. Government bonds continue to support the growth rate, but the net financing scale of government bonds in August 2025 (1.33 trillion) is still lower than that in August 2024 (1.84 trillion) [3][4] - The report highlights that while the equity market remains active, the trend of residents investing their broad deposits continues. The new non-bank deposit scale in August increased significantly, while new household deposits fell from the low base in July [3][4] Group 2 - The report notes that M1 growth has increased, with the M1-M2 spread narrowing to the lowest level since 2022. However, the correlation between M1, M2, and economic activity has weakened, necessitating further observation of fundamental data [4][5] - Structural highlights in August's financial data are noted, but demand from the real economy remains weak. The report suggests that the current pressure in the bond market has partially eased, but further observation is needed regarding the release of this pressure [5][6] - The report emphasizes the need to monitor three dimensions for the bond market: the persistence of loose funding conditions, the net buying strength of long-term bonds by insurance funds, and the performance of credit spreads [5][6]

Report Investment Rating No investment rating information is provided in the report. Core View The report presents some basic economic data, including the cumulative year-on-year growth rate of fixed asset investment at 1.60%, the year-on-year growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods in the current month at 3.70%, the year-on-year growth rate of exports in the current month at 4.40%, and M2 at 8.80% [4]. Summary by Relevant Categories Government Bond Net Financing - Government bond net financing was 206.5 billion yuan in the 36th week (9/1 - 9/7) and 608 billion yuan in the 37th week (9/8 - 9/14). As of the 36th week, the cumulative amount reached 10.5 trillion yuan, exceeding the same period last year by 4.7 trillion yuan [1][5]. Treasury Bond and Local Bond - The net financing of treasury bonds was 169.8 billion yuan in the 36th week and 415.2 billion yuan in the 37th week. As of the 36th week, the cumulative amount was 4.8 trillion yuan, with a progress of 72.7%, exceeding the same period in the past five years [7]. - Local bond net financing was 36.7 billion yuan in the 36th week and 192.8 billion yuan in the 37th week. As of the 36th week, the cumulative amount was 5.7 trillion yuan, exceeding the same period last year by 2.9 trillion yuan [9]. New General Bonds and New Special Bonds - New general bonds had 0 net financing in the 36th week and 14.7 billion yuan in the 37th week. As of the 36th week, the cumulative amount was 620.8 billion yuan, with a progress of 77.6%, exceeding the same period last year [9]. - New special bonds had a net financing of 178 billion yuan in the 36th week and 131.9 billion yuan in the 37th week. As of the 36th week, the cumulative amount was 3.3 trillion yuan, with a progress of 74.6%, exceeding the same period last year. Special new special bonds of 112.23 billion yuan had been issued, including 15.43 billion yuan since September. Land reserve special bonds of 32.84 billion yuan had been issued [2][12]. Special Refinancing Bonds and Urban Investment Bonds - Special refinancing bonds had 0 net financing in the 36th week and 26.2 billion yuan in the 37th week. As of the 36th week, the cumulative amount was 1.96 trillion yuan, with a issuance progress of 98% [22]. - Urban investment bonds had a net financing of -36.9 billion yuan in the 36th week and are expected to be -10.9 billion yuan in the 37th week. As of this week, the balance of urban investment bonds was 10.1 trillion yuan [2][27].

政府债净融资第 35 周（8/25-8/31）64 亿，第 36 周（9/1-9/7）2065 亿。截至第 35 周（8/25-8/31）累计 10.3 万亿，超出去年同期 4.5 万 亿。 国债净融资+新增地方债发行第 35 周（8/25-8/31）-138 亿，第 36 周 （9/1-9/7）1877 亿。截至第 35 周（8/25-8/31）广义赤字累计 8.6 万 亿，进度 72.1%。 国债第 35 周（8/25-8/31）净融资-2371 亿，第 36 周（9/1-9/7）1698 亿。截至第 35 周（8/25-8/31）累计 4.7 万亿，进度 70.1%。 地方债净融资第 35 周（8/25-8/31）2435 亿，第 36 周（9/1-9/7）367 亿。截至第 35 周（8/25-8/31）累计 5.7 万亿。 证券研究报告 | 2025年09月04日 政府债周报 特殊新增专项债已发行 1.1 万亿 新增一般债第 35 周（8/25-8/31）353 亿，第 36 周（9/1-9/7）0 亿。 截至第 35 周（8/25-8/31）累计 6208 亿，进度 77.6%。 新增专项债第 3 ...

Report Summary Core Viewpoints - As of August 31, the issuance progress of new special-purpose bonds was 74.2%, with 188 billion yuan issued this week, a decrease of 51.3 billion yuan week-on-week. In August, the cumulative issuance of new special-purpose bonds was 486.5 billion yuan [4]. - As of August 31, the issuance progress of new general bonds was 77.6%, with 35.3 billion yuan issued this week, an increase of 25.8 billion yuan week-on-week. In August, the cumulative issuance of new general bonds was 82.5 billion yuan [7][9]. - This week, the net financing scale of local government bonds was 243.5 billion yuan, an increase of 34.7 billion yuan week-on-week. As of August 31, the issuance progress of new local government bonds was 74.7% [11]. - This week, the net financing scale of national bonds was -237.1 billion yuan, a decrease of 589.7 billion yuan week-on-week. As of August 31, the net financing progress of national bonds was 69.7% [15][17]. - As of August 31, the combined issuance progress of national bond net financing and new local government bonds was 71.9% [19]. Report Industry Investment Rating The provided content does not mention the report industry investment rating. Directory Summaries There is no clear directory information provided in the content, so this part cannot be summarized accordingly.

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core View - The report presents key economic indicators including a 1.60% year - on - year cumulative growth in fixed asset investment, 3.70% year - on - year growth in the total retail sales of consumer goods for the current month, 7.20% year - on - year growth in exports for the current month, and an 8.80% growth in M2 [4]. 3. Summary by Related Categories Government Bond Net Financing - Government bond net financing was 5614 billion yuan in the 34th week (8/18 - 8/24) and 64 billion yuan in the 35th week (8/25 - 8/31). As of the 34th week, the cumulative net financing reached 10.3 trillion yuan, 4.8 trillion yuan more than the same period last year [1][5]. Treasury Bond - Treasury bond net financing was 3526 billion yuan in the 34th week and - 2371 billion yuan in the 35th week. The annual net financing is 6.66 trillion yuan. As of the 34th week, the cumulative net financing was 4.9 trillion yuan, with a progress of 73.7%, exceeding the average of the past five years [6]. Local Bond - Local bond net financing was 2088 billion yuan in the 34th week and 2435 billion yuan in the 35th week. As of the 34th week, the cumulative net financing was 5.5 trillion yuan, 3 trillion yuan more than the same period last year [8]. New General Bond - New general bond issuance was 95 billion yuan in the 34th week and 353 billion yuan in the 35th week. The 2025 local deficit is 8000 billion yuan. As of the 34th week, the cumulative issuance was 5855 billion yuan, with a progress of 73.2%, exceeding the same period last year [8]. New Special Bond - New special bond issuance was 2393 billion yuan in the 34th week and 1880 billion yuan in the 35th week. The 2025 new special bond quota is 4.4 trillion yuan. As of the 34th week, the cumulative issuance was 3.1 trillion yuan, with a progress of 69.9%, exceeding the same period last year [12]. Special New Special Bond - Special new special bonds worth 9680 billion yuan have been issued, with 2129 billion yuan issued since August, accounting for 44% of new special bonds. Besides 800 billion yuan for debt resolution, the remaining over 100 billion yuan will be used for "arrears clearance" [12]. Land Reserve Special Bond - Land reserve special bonds worth 3031 billion yuan have been issued. As of August 24, projects in 27 provinces and municipalities covered 4949 parcels of land, with a total capital scale of 5476 billion yuan [12]. Special Refinancing Bond - Special refinancing bond issuance was 245 billion yuan in the 34th week and 291 billion yuan in the 35th week. As of the 34th week, the cumulative issuance was 1.9 trillion yuan, with a progress of 95% [22]. Urban Investment Bond - Urban investment bond net financing was - 6 billion yuan in the 34th week and is expected to be - 402 billion yuan in the 35th week. As of this week, the balance of urban investment bonds is 10.2 trillion yuan [2][27].