华创证券 医药生物行业 2025 重点研究成果 华创医药生物 郑辰/刘浩团队 2025核心观点 | 创新药 | 中国创新药行业技术水平逐渐赶超欧美、并在部分靶点、部分技术路径已经成为世界第一,出海授权的新药数量/金额持续增加,世界级的 创新带来了世界级的定价和非线性的投资弹性。而国内市场在强劲的需求驱动下,国产新药销售总额持续高增长,一批创新药企实现了扭亏 | | --- | --- | | | 为盈. 迎来稳健成长阶段。 | | | 高值耗材领域, 骨科续标降价或温和,国内持续国产替代,海外业务进展加速推进,神经外科/神经介入等领域集采后增长稳定,新品放量 | | 医疗了 | 有望带来增量。医疗设备领域、县域设备更新中标价格内卷有望缓解、此外今年以来招投标数据持续保持同比高速增长、相关企业去库存 | | 器械 | 进入后期,下半年相关企业业绩同比增速有望好转。低值耗材领域,相关企业产品升级持续推进,海外客户拓展加速,此外丁膈手套行业 | | | 价格有望企稳反弹。体外诊断领域、国内发光虽短期政策承压但进口替代空间巨大、且出海仍有不错表现。 | | 制剂 | 集采优化趋势明确, 制剂公司存量业务风险出清; 同 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese innovative drug industry is gradually catching up with Europe and the United States in terms of technology, with some targets and technical pathways already leading globally. The number and value of new drugs authorized for overseas markets continue to increase, leading to world-class pricing and non-linear investment elasticity. The domestic market is experiencing strong growth in demand, with domestic new drug sales continuing to rise, and several innovative pharmaceutical companies have turned losses into profits, entering a stable growth phase [2]. Group 1: Innovative Drugs - The innovative drug sector is witnessing a significant increase in sales driven by strong domestic demand, with a number of innovative companies achieving profitability [2]. - The trend of domestic innovative drugs going overseas is accelerating, with increasing numbers and values of new drug authorizations [2]. - The industry is positioned for a "Davis double" effect, where both performance and valuation are expected to improve [2]. Group 2: High-Value Medical Consumables - The orthopedic sector is expected to see mild price reductions, while domestic replacements continue to grow, and overseas business progresses rapidly [2]. - The neurosurgery and neurointervention fields are stabilizing after centralized procurement, with new products expected to contribute to growth [2]. Group 3: Medical Devices - The medical device sector is experiencing a high-speed growth in bidding data, with companies entering a destocking phase, which is expected to improve performance in the second half of the year [2]. - The low-value consumables sector is seeing continuous product upgrades and accelerated expansion into overseas markets [2]. Group 4: Blood Products - The supply side of the blood products industry is increasingly concentrated among state-owned enterprises, leading to a clearer competitive landscape [2]. - The demand side is expected to upgrade towards new products, gradually improving the industry's overall health [2]. Group 5: API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients) - The industry is at an upward turning point due to the end of a capital expenditure peak, combined with three growth drivers: new high-end market products, integrated consolidation and overseas expansion, and cost-leading CDMO [2]. - Leading companies are expected to see explosive growth in revenue and profits in the medium term [2]. Group 6: CXO (Contract Research Organization) - The CXO sector is seeing a revival in A+H financing activity, with multiple significant business developments enhancing market confidence [2]. - The focus is on optimizing the supply-side landscape and increasing market share for leading CRO companies [2]. Group 7: Traditional Chinese Medicine and Retail Pharmacy - The traditional Chinese medicine sector is showing signs of recovery, with friendly pricing for new drugs, while the retail pharmacy sector is influenced by supply-side adjustments and business model upgrades [2]. - The performance of offline pharmacies is expected to improve in the second half of 2025, with leading chains like YaoXingTang making progress in store upgrades [2]. Group 8: Research Reports - A series of in-depth research reports on various companies and sectors within the pharmaceutical and medical device industries have been published, highlighting their growth potential and market positioning [3][4].

Core Viewpoint - The pharmaceutical sector in A-shares and Hong Kong stocks is expected to see a significant recovery in the first half of 2025, driven by major policy optimizations in medical insurance, a strong recovery in hospital demand, and returns from innovation [1] Pharma Sector - The pharmaceutical sector's revenue and net profit growth rates for the first half of 2025 are -4.04% and -0.50% respectively, with traditional and generic drug companies facing revenue pressure due to centralized procurement policies [2] - Companies with a high proportion of innovative drugs are benefiting from rapid commercialization, maintaining good growth [2] - The sector's R&D expense ratio is 12.69%, up 0.29 percentage points from the first half of 2024, indicating a commitment to innovation [2] - The gross margin and net margin for the sector are 66.83% and 20.73%, respectively, showing improvement due to the higher proportion of high-margin innovative drug revenues [2] Biotech Sector - The biotech sector's revenue growth rate is 14.12%, with a significant contribution from BD licensing income [3] - Many biotech companies are achieving operational profitability through drug commercialization, with companies like BeiGene and Innovent Biologics leading the way [3] - The sector is expected to showcase innovative products at international conferences, indicating a strong presence in global innovation [3] Medical Devices - The medical device sector's revenue and net profit growth rates for the first half of 2025 are -5.11% and -17.99%, respectively, due to policy disruptions and delayed procurement funding [4] - Despite the overall decline, certain sub-sectors show promise, with expectations of a turning point in Q3 2025 [5] CRO and CDMO - The CRO sector's revenue growth is 14.05%, with net profit growth of 18.34%, benefiting from a recovery in overseas investment and innovation [8] - The CDMO sector's revenue growth is 10.34%, with strong demand for projects in drug development and production [9] Blood Products - The blood products sector's revenue growth is 0.64%, with net profit declining by 13.06%, but long-term growth remains strong due to increasing domestic supply [12] Internet Healthcare - The internet healthcare sector is experiencing a significant upward trend, with a revenue growth rate of 16.31% and a net profit growth rate of 134.16%, indicating a shift towards profitability [18]

Summary of the Conference Call on the Pharmaceutical Industry Industry Overview - The pharmaceutical industry experienced a profit decline in 2019 due to centralized procurement policies, but demand growth during the pandemic provided some relief. By the first half of 2025, segments such as innovative drugs, pharmaceutical commerce, and CXO showed positive growth, although overall profit levels continued to decline [1][2]. Key Insights and Arguments - **Centralized Procurement Impact**: The centralized procurement of medical consumables began in 2020, leading to negative revenue growth for two consecutive quarters by Q4 2023. However, Q1 2024 saw a return to positive revenue growth, indicating a stabilization in high-value consumables [3][4]. - **Sector Performance**: The chemical preparations sector saw significant revenue declines in Q3 and Q4 of 2023, directly linked to centralized procurement policies. The medical consumables sector has faced revenue and profit pressures since 2022, with in vitro diagnostics (IVD) expected to face challenges starting Q4 2024 [5][6]. - **Future Outlook**: The worst period for the pharmaceutical industry is believed to be over, with price issues being resolved. The price levels are relatively low compared to international markets, and a return to positive growth is anticipated in Q2 2025, potentially leading to an overall positive growth for the year [6][7]. Segment-Specific Insights - **CXO Sector**: The CXO sector is divided into demand-driven and supply-driven enterprises. The latter has benefited from the recovery of overseas markets, while domestic demand-driven companies are beginning to show signs of recovery, as evidenced by the performance of companies like Tigermed and Northstar [7][8]. - **IVD Sector**: The IVD sector is under significant pressure due to policy impacts, with a notable 20% decline in Roche's domestic luminescence business. The overall industry growth rate is approximately -15% [12][13]. - **Medical Equipment**: The medical equipment sector has faced continuous declines since Q4 2023, but signs of recovery were noted in the first half of 2025, with companies like United Imaging and Mindray showing varying degrees of recovery [17][18]. Additional Important Points - **High-Value Consumables**: The high-value consumables sector has undergone multiple rounds of centralized procurement, leading to stable or improved performance for many companies. The gross margin levels for high-value consumables have reached a bottom, with certain products like artificial crystals beginning to see the effects of procurement policies [19][20]. - **Internationalization of Domestic Companies**: Domestic high-value consumables companies are enhancing their international capabilities, with significant clinical data published and FDA certifications obtained for products aimed at the U.S. market [23]. - **Market Competition**: The competition in the luminescence industry is intense, particularly among companies outside the top three, which are resorting to price cuts to gain market share, resulting in significant declines in gross margins [13][14]. This summary encapsulates the key points discussed in the conference call regarding the pharmaceutical industry, highlighting the challenges and opportunities within various segments.

Core Viewpoint - The report from Guosen Securities emphasizes the importance of focusing on investment opportunities that are immune to "involution," highlighting three high-barrier sectors: monopolistic industries like public utilities and rare earths, industries with exclusive products and global competitiveness in hard technology, and sectors where AI accelerates the replacement of repetitive tasks [1][2][3]. Group 1: High-Barrier Industries - Monopolistic barrier assets, such as public utilities (electricity, water) and strategic rare resources (like rare earths), effectively avoid intense market competition and provide stable cash flow and pricing power, making them excellent defensive investments [2][11]. - Global competitive assets are characterized by technological innovation and product exclusivity, allowing companies to successfully expand into overseas markets and create unique advantages, primarily found in high-end manufacturing and hard technology sectors [2][11]. - AI-driven efficiency revolution assets are transforming traditional industries by replacing repetitive labor, significantly enhancing productivity and accelerating the "involution" process in certain sectors [3][19]. Group 2: Market Phases of "Involution" - The "involution" market is currently transitioning from the first phase (involution 1.0) to the second phase (involution 2.0), where the focus shifts from broad industry recovery to individual stock selection based on self-discipline and competitive differentiation [4][6]. - The first phase is characterized by supply-side contraction leading to a supply-demand gap, benefiting upstream resource sectors like steel and coal [4][6]. - The second phase sees a focus on high-quality companies that can achieve market share and profitability recovery through strict production discipline, while smaller firms must innovate and create unique competitive advantages [4][6]. Group 3: Long-Term Investment Strategy - The long-term strategy emphasizes investing in industries with natural high barriers to entry, which can provide stable and higher returns compared to short-term "involution" opportunities [11][13]. - Historical data indicates that monopolistic industries, such as public utilities and strategic rare resources, have shown resilience and sustained performance compared to emerging industries that have faced downturns [11][13]. - The report suggests prioritizing sectors with high entry barriers, such as public utilities and strategic resources, which offer stable cash flows and are less affected by economic cycles [11][13].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly state an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The policy direction focuses on "ensuring basic needs and strengthening innovation," aiming to enhance accessibility and affordability of medical products and services while promoting innovation across the pharmaceutical industry [4][7] - The support for innovative drugs continues to increase, with measures to enhance their quality development and integration into insurance systems [12][13] - The report highlights the ongoing collection and procurement processes for various drug categories, including generic drugs, traditional Chinese medicine, and high-value consumables, indicating a trend towards optimization and expansion [21][24][31] Summary by Sections 1. Top-Level Design Direction - The central government has issued guidelines to enhance social security and improve public services, particularly in the healthcare sector, emphasizing the need for equitable access to medical resources [7][8] 2. Support for Innovative Drugs - The National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA) and the National Health Commission have released measures to support the high-quality development of innovative drugs, including multi-channel payment systems and international promotion [12][13] - The introduction of a separate payment mechanism for long-term and high-cost drugs is being implemented in various provinces, enhancing accessibility for patients [14][16] 3. Generic Drugs - The report anticipates optimization of the rules for the 11th batch of drug procurement, which is expected to take place in 2025, focusing on quality and price adjustments [21][23] 4. Traditional Chinese Medicine - The procurement rules for traditional Chinese medicine are becoming clearer, with expectations for quality improvements and market expansion [24][26] 5. High-Value Consumables - The report notes that most high-value consumable procurement has been completed, with ongoing attention to key product renewals and the expansion of procurement coverage [31][32] 6. In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD) - The report discusses the dual approach of alliance procurement and service price governance, indicating a comprehensive strategy to enhance the IVD sector [35][38] 7. Industry Regulation - Regulatory measures are being strengthened to guide high-quality development in the healthcare sector, including ongoing efforts to combat corruption and ensure compliance among medical institutions and retail pharmacies [8][9] 8. Real-Time Medical Insurance Settlement - The NHSA plans to implement real-time settlement of basic medical insurance funds by the second half of 2025, which is expected to alleviate cash flow pressures for medical institutions [9][10]