转自：北京日报客户端 冬季是进补的好时节，尤其进入"三九"寒天以来，许多人希望通过进补来驱寒暖身、增强体质。人参、 阿胶、膏方……各种补品轮番上阵，殊不知在不了解自身体质的情况下盲目进补，不仅可能"补不对 路"，还可能"越补越虚"。专家提醒，应判断自身体质，选择适合自己的进补方式。 "中医将人体体质主要分为九种，其中平和质、气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质、痰湿质和湿热质这六种在冬 季最为常见。"宁夏医科大学中医学院教授郭斌表示，中医认为"虚则补之"，冬季最适合进补的是体质 偏虚或处于病后康复期的人。对于精力充沛、面色红润、饮食睡眠俱佳的平和质人群，冬季无需刻意大 补，饮食保持温和均衡即可。 在中医理论中，"气"是维持人体生命活动的基本动力，气虚的主要表现包括少气懒言、神疲乏力、面色 偏黄、精神不振等，进补的核心原则是平补、缓补。气虚者可适当多吃山药、莲子、板栗、大枣等平补 健脾的食品。切忌一开始就使用阿胶、红参等滋腻或大温大热的补品，以免加重脾胃负担，导致"虚不 受补"。 是"湿"与"热"交织，常见表现包括面部油光、口苦口臭、大便黏滞、舌质偏红、舌苔黄腻等。相关人群 可食用赤小豆、薏米、冬瓜等清热利湿食材，避免羊肉、 ...

□ 本报记者 蒋明睿 "冬季涮火锅其实很有讲究。"奚治斌说，动物性食材首选低脂的鱼、虾类优质蛋白佐以豆制品丰富蛋白 品类，搭配营养素丰富的蔬菜、菌藻拼盘，以清汤代替高油的红汤为锅底，茶水代替可乐等含糖碳酸饮 料及烈酒，进餐时遵循先吃蔬菜、菌菇，再吃肉，最后吃主食的顺序，这样的顺序被证实可增加饱腹 感，且有利于减重。 继"秋天的第一杯奶茶"后，"冬天的第一顿火锅"又在社交媒体刷屏。低温让不少人的食欲开始暴涨，如 何利用冬季进补保持健康，但不增长体重呢？我们邀请到江苏省第二中医院临床营养科副主任奚治斌为 大家科普。 （来源：新华日报） 奚治斌介绍，冬季调理体质需先进行体质辨识，辨证施补。温阳补气食物可选羊肉、鸡肉、牛肉、虾 等，配以枸杞、生姜、红枣等能温和地补充阳气，提供代谢动力。而祛除痰湿可选山药、薏米、茯苓、 白扁豆、南瓜等来增强脾胃运化水湿的能力，从源头减少"痰湿"生成。冬季由于食物选择受限、饮食习 惯改变以及年俗等影响，营养素摄入容易失衡。奚治斌建议，可以结合体成分分析、维生素微量元素筛 查等，明确是否存在营养素缺乏，尤其是维生素、矿物质缺乏导致的所谓"隐性饥饿"，再决定对症食补 或制剂补充，避免"热量有 ...

南宁小寒时节早晚温差常达10℃以上，抵抗力较弱的老人、小孩成了湿寒侵袭的重点人群。市民张大爷习惯天还没亮就去公园晨练，上周受凉后关节酸痛整 整3天。"这就是寒湿找上门的典型表现。"梁晓宁叮嘱，无论老少，小寒都要恪守"早卧晚起，必待日光"的原则。"老人晨练一定要等日出后，此时阳气渐 升、寒湿消退；小孩则要重点护住背部和腹部关键部位，一受凉就容易感冒、腹泻。"他还分享了一个简单有效的护养法：睡前用38℃～40℃的温水泡脚10 ～15分钟，既能促进气血循环，又能增强体质。 室内外湿度大，湿邪易滞留。梁晓宁建议："平时多搓手心、按足三里穴或搓后腰，能温肾壮阳、抵御寒气。"室内要定时通风，避免湿邪堆积；闲暇时踮踮 脚、伸伸懒腰，也能疏通全身经络。针对湿冷关节不适的情况，可用热水袋或热毛巾敷膝关节、肩关节，能缓解关节凝滞的酸痛；也可用艾草、生姜煮水泡 澡，驱寒祛湿效果很明显。另外，八段锦里的"双手托天理三焦""左右开弓似射雕"两个动作，可疏通经络、缓解关节不适，适合日常练习。 本报讯（记者罗颢 通讯员马桢柠）进入小寒节气，南宁的冷是湿冷的"软刀子"，昼夜温差大、室内外湿度悬殊，令人不适。南宁市第二妇幼保健院滨湖院 区中医 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of winter nourishment according to traditional Chinese medicine, highlighting that winter is a time for energy storage and immune enhancement to prepare for the upcoming seasons [1]. Group 1: Importance of Winter Nourishment - Traditional Chinese medicine suggests that winter is a time for "storing" energy, where the body's metabolism slows down, making it easier to absorb nutrients [1]. - Adequate nourishment during winter can enhance the body's immunity and lay a solid foundation for health in the following spring and summer [1]. Group 2: Guidelines for Nourishment - Different body types require tailored nourishment methods and ingredients; blindly supplementing can be counterproductive [2]. - A balanced approach is essential, with gradual increases in nourishment and a mix of food types to ensure comprehensive nutrition [2]. - Maintaining a regular sleep schedule is crucial for maximizing the benefits of winter nourishment [2]. Group 3: Recommended Ingredients - It is advised to consume warm foods and limit cold items during winter; red meats like lamb and beef are recommended for their protein and iron content [3]. - Black foods and root vegetables are particularly beneficial in winter, with options like black sesame, black rice, sweet potatoes, and yam being highlighted [3]. - Vegetables such as cabbage and radish are essential for winter diets, aiding digestion and nutrient absorption [3]. Group 4: Specific Nourishing Recipes - "Angelica Ginger Lamb Soup" is recommended as an effective winter nourishing dish, combining lamb, ginger, and angelica for their warming and blood-nourishing properties [4].

现如今糖尿病和高血糖的患病人群越来越常见，如何通过饮食控制好血糖成了大众关注的焦点。很多人认为"只要坚持吃素，血糖就稳了"，但实际上这种 想法并不正确，甚至还可能进入另一个健康误区中。 一、真正决定升血糖速度的是这两个指标 ●血糖负荷（GL）：GI只表明了食物中碳水化合物的"质"，但没有考虑"量"。而GL则同时兼顾了食物中碳水化合物的"质"和"量"。 计算公式为：GL=(食物的GI值×食物中可利用碳水化合物克数)/100。 GL值越高，对血糖水平的影响越大。例如，西瓜的GI值高达 72，属于高 GI 食物，但100克西瓜仅含约6.6克可利用碳水化合物，计算下来GL值仅为4.8左 右，属于低GL食物。因此，只要不过量食用，对血糖的影响并不会很大。 | | 食物 GI 值与 GL 值分类表 | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 指标 | ਜ਼ਿੰਦ | E | 름 | | GI 值(升糖指数) | ≤55 | 55 70 | >70 | | GL 值(血糖负荷) | <10 | 10 20 | >20 | 除此之外，食物的加工程度、烹饪方式以及膳食中其他营养成分（如脂肪、蛋白质）的存 ...

Core Insights - The article reports on the food safety supervision and sampling conducted by the Hangzhou Market Supervision Administration, revealing a total of 2,345 batches tested, with 36 batches found to be non-compliant with safety standards [3][4][5][6] Group 1: Food Production Sector - In the food production sector, 881 samples were tested, with 878 passing and 3 failing. The non-compliant products included a batch of sesame mooncakes from Hangzhou Xu Di Di Food Co., which had excessive bacterial counts, and a batch of frozen rice cakes from Hangzhou Hong Ye Ye Food Co., which had unacceptable peroxide levels [3] - Another non-compliant product was a batch of five-spice peanuts from Hangzhou Lin'an Songjin Fried Food Factory, which contained unacceptable levels of aflatoxin [3] Group 2: Food Distribution Sector - The food distribution sector saw 845 samples tested, with 825 passing and 20 failing. Non-compliant products included batches of longan from various vendors that exceeded sulfur dioxide residue limits, and a batch of yam that contained unacceptable levels of pesticides [4] - Specific vendors cited for non-compliance included Hangzhou Lin'an Yan Bo Fruit Store and Hangzhou Xiaoshan Yingfeng Street Bo Yin Food Business, among others, with various pesticide and residue violations [4] Group 3: Catering Service Sector - In the catering service sector, 619 samples were tested, with 606 passing and 13 failing. Non-compliant products included batches of chili peppers and eggs from multiple restaurants that contained prohibited substances such as antibiotics and excessive peroxide levels [5] - Notable establishments with violations included Hangzhou Tide Restaurant Management Co. and Hangzhou Lin'an Yao Jie Traditional Steamed Dish Restaurant, which had issues with antibiotic residues in their food products [5] Group 4: Regulatory Actions - The Hangzhou Market Supervision Administration has referred the non-compliant products and their respective producers to local market regulatory authorities for further action in accordance with the Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China [6]

（来源：河北日报） "刘教授，我种了13亩山药，用一样的法子管理，但有的地块长成了这样，您快给瞧瞧是啥原因吧。"马 亚南边说边把"问题山药"递了过去。 刘廷辉拿起一段山药用指甲轻轻刮开表皮，再顺势掰开，细细端详后说："表皮有大片红褐色斑块，断 面边缘呈褐色海绵状，薯块还易断，这明显是短体线虫侵染造成的。" 找到了病根儿，刘廷辉很快开出"药方"："山药种前采用生物制剂浸泡种薯，生长期强化日常监测管 理，适当增施有机肥，治线虫指定好使。" 蠡县是"中国山药之乡"，山药种植面积达10万亩，年产值16亿元。为破解山药种植、仓储等痛点，当地 与河北农业大学等高校合作，建成5家山药"博士农场"，这间山药诊所正是博士团队开到农户家门口 的。 马亚南拿着"药方"刚满意离开，阿里数字乡村蠡县麻山药产业园总经理王磊的"催诊"电话又打来 了："刘教授，我们巡检时发现有个冷库出现了霉斑，如果蔓延，损失就大了。" 撂下电话，刘廷辉立即出发。颠簸了近1个小时，他来到产业园，没顾上喝口水就直奔冷库。"最近库内 温湿度偏高，这是库里的杂菌侵染了山药断面。"仔细检查过霉斑、核对完监控数据后，刘廷辉给出了 诊断。 转自：河北日报 "山药博士"出 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of dietary adjustments to combat skin dryness during winter, highlighting the connection between skin health and the functions of the lungs and kidneys according to traditional Chinese medicine [1]. Group 1: Recommended Foods for Skin Hydration - Foods that promote lung moisture include tremella, lily bulb, pear, honey, and lotus root, which help to nourish the lungs and alleviate skin dryness [3]. - Foods that nourish the kidneys include black sesame, black beans, goji berries, mulberries, and walnuts, which contribute to skin smoothness and hydration [4]. - Foods that strengthen the spleen and nourish blood include yam, red dates, millet, pumpkin, and longan, which enhance nutrient absorption and improve skin appearance [5]. Group 2: Foods to Avoid - Spicy foods such as chili, pepper, and ginger should be minimized as they can deplete body fluids and worsen dryness [7]. - Fried and barbecued foods like fried chicken and skewers can create internal heat, negatively affecting skin metabolism [8]. - High-sugar and high-salt foods, including candies and pickles, can accelerate water loss in the body, leading to further skin dehydration [9]. Group 3: Additional Habits for Skin Health - Reducing late-night activities is advised, as staying up late can deplete vital fluids and exacerbate dryness, with a recommendation to sleep before 11 PM [11]. - Moderate exercise, such as Tai Chi and brisk walking, is encouraged to promote blood circulation and aid in the distribution of body fluids to the skin [12]. - Maintaining skin moisture through timely application of body lotion after bathing can help reduce water evaporation, enhancing overall skin hydration [13].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the dangers of consuming Cao Wu (草乌), a toxic herb traditionally used in winter dietary practices in Yunnan, highlighting the need for caution and proper knowledge regarding its use [1][2]. Group 1: Toxicity of Cao Wu - Cao Wu contains the highly toxic alkaloid aconitine, with as little as 0.2 milligrams being enough to cause poisoning, and 3-5 milligrams potentially fatal [2]. - Common cooking methods such as boiling or soaking do not eliminate its toxicity, making it unsafe for consumption without professional preparation [2]. Group 2: Prevention of Poisoning - It is crucial to use Cao Wu and related herbs only under the guidance of a qualified medical professional, avoiding self-purchase and consumption [3]. - Only processed versions of the herb should be used, as raw Cao Wu is significantly more toxic than its prepared counterparts [4]. - Caution is advised against consuming homemade herbal wines or unmarked products that may contain toxic ingredients [4]. Group 3: Emergency Response - In case of acute poisoning, there is no specific antidote for Cao Wu; symptoms such as numbness in the mouth and face, itching, and nausea require immediate medical attention [5]. - Drinking water to induce vomiting is recommended, and it is important to bring any remaining herb to the hospital for proper diagnosis and treatment [5]. Group 4: Winter Dietary Recommendations - Traditional wisdom suggests winter diets should focus on warming and nourishing foods, emphasizing the intake of natural ingredients rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals [6]. - Recommended foods include lamb, which is warming and rich in protein; white radish, which aids digestion; yam, which supports gastrointestinal health; and black sesame, which benefits skin and digestion [6].

Core Viewpoint - The National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine held a press conference focusing on winter health promotion through traditional Chinese medicine, emphasizing the importance of "winter storage" for health maintenance during the winter season [1] Group 1: Principles of Winter Health - The core principle of winter health in traditional Chinese medicine is "winter storage," which involves nurturing the body's foundational energy and preserving Yang energy during the cold season [1] - "Winter storage" consists of two main aspects: nurturing the kidneys to store essence and preserving energy to prevent the depletion of Yang energy due to cold weather [1] Group 2: Daily Practices for Winter Health - In terms of diet and daily routine, it is recommended to create a warm internal environment by consuming warming foods such as beef, mutton, longan, walnuts, black sesame, goji berries, ginger, and jujube, while avoiding cold and raw foods [1] - The daily routine should include going to bed early and waking up later to avoid the coldest morning hours, thus preserving Yang energy [1] Group 3: Exercise and Emotional Well-being - For exercise, gentle activities like Tai Chi, Baduanjin, yoga, and light walking are encouraged to avoid excessive sweating and energy depletion [2] - Emotional well-being can be maintained through reading and meditation to keep the mind calm and prevent emotional fluctuations that could lead to energy loss [2] Group 4: Cold Protection and Warmth Maintenance - Maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature between 18-22 degrees Celsius is advised, along with regular ventilation to prevent large temperature differences [2] - Specific body parts should be kept warm, such as wearing hats and scarves outdoors and soaking feet in warm water at night to ensure warmth in key areas [2]