绪论 1.1 研究背景 近年来，中国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段，产业结构调整与新旧动能转换进入关键期。在复杂的全球 地缘政治格局与国内经济周期性调整的叠加影响下，大宗商品价格波动加剧，汇率与利率风险日益显现。在这一宏观 背景下，实体经济对于规避价格波动风险、实现稳健经营的需求显著增强。金融体系的使命已不再局限于传统的融资 支持，而是向"融资与风险管理并重"的功能深化。期货及衍生品市场作为现代金融体系的重要组成部分，其在价格发 现、风险管理和资源配置中的作用不断凸显，成为服务国家战略、保障产业链供应链安全的重要力量（Sun et.al， 2023；宋凌峰和叶翰章，2023；徐君和龚旭，2025）。 长期以来，我国期货市场曾被视为相对小众、以投机交易为主的市场。然而，随着监管制度持续完善、法治化建设不 断推进以及制度型开放的深入，期货市场的功能定位逐步回归并强化，市场在服务实体经济中的"减震器"和"稳压 器"作用日益得到认可（全国人民代表大会常务委员会，2022；卢米雪等，2021）。与此同时，市场工具体系持续丰 富、覆盖行业不断拓展，使得期货市场从单一的风险对冲场所，逐渐演变为大类资产配置的重要组成 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Buy" [3] Core Insights - The introduction of the first derivative trading regulations by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) is expected to enhance the leverage capacity of brokerage firms, supporting the steady development of the derivatives market and encouraging risk management activities [7][10]. - The derivatives business is projected to optimize revenue structures and enhance the anti-cyclical capabilities of brokerage firms, as it is driven by client needs and capital intermediation rather than relying on directional market returns [7][10]. - The report highlights that the derivatives market in China has significant room for growth compared to overseas markets, with the scale of over-the-counter derivatives increasing from 0.32 trillion CNY in 2015 to 2.38 trillion CNY in 2023, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 29% [7][10]. Summary by Sections Regulatory Developments - On January 16, 2026, the CSRC released the "Interim Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Derivative Trading (Draft for Comments)," which aims to regulate derivative trading venues and institutions, and implement counter-cyclical management [7][10]. - The regulations encourage the use of derivatives for hedging and resource allocation while limiting excessive speculation [10]. Market Opportunities - The derivatives business is expected to create a "stronger stronger" moat for brokerage firms that can provide high-level services, including trading pricing, hedging, and risk control capabilities [7][10]. - The report suggests that leading institutions have significant room to increase leverage, especially in the context of continuous inflows of new capital and favorable industry policies [7][10]. Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on brokerage firms with strong balance sheets, outstanding trading capabilities, and extensive coverage of domestic and international institutional clients, such as Guotai Junan, Huatai Securities, CICC, and CITIC Securities [7][10].

Investment Rating - The report assigns an "Accumulate" rating for the industry [4]. Core Insights - The derivatives business of securities firms has experienced rapid growth, with key factors being changes in customer demand and regulatory policies. From 2018 to 2022, the nominal principal of the over-the-counter derivatives business increased from 346.7 billion to 2,086.8 billion, achieving a CAGR of 57% [6][7][8]. - The report emphasizes that the derivatives business will be a critical factor in differentiating the profitability of securities firms as their proprietary trading models evolve. Firms that can leverage derivatives for stable growth will have a competitive edge [6][21][34]. - The regulatory environment for derivatives is becoming more standardized, and the report anticipates steady growth in this sector, particularly for leading firms with strong customer bases and competitive advantages [6][36][37]. Summary by Sections 1. Historical Development and Key Factors - The derivatives business has undergone significant growth from 2018 to 2022, with the nominal principal increasing significantly across the industry [7][8]. - Key factors influencing this growth include changes in customer demand and the gradual improvement of regulatory policies [10][11]. 2. Evolution of Proprietary Trading Models - The derivatives business is expected to provide growth certainty, which will be crucial for differentiating profitability among securities firms [21][31]. - The report highlights that the derivatives business benefits from market activity and exhibits strong economies of scale, making it a stable revenue source [21][24][27]. 3. Regulatory Developments and Future Outlook - The regulatory framework for derivatives is becoming more structured, with a focus on promoting steady growth in the sector [36][37]. - The report expresses optimism about the long-term development potential of leading firms in the derivatives market, particularly as regulatory conditions improve [36][37].

Investment Rating - The report indicates a strong investment rating for the securities industry, suggesting a relative increase of over 10% compared to the CSI 300 index [18]. Core Insights - The meeting held by the China Securities Association on December 30, 2025, focused on "risk prevention, strong regulation, and promoting high-quality development," aiming to clarify the direction of risk management for the securities industry during the 14th Five-Year Plan [7][11]. - A proactive risk management model is being established, transitioning from traditional compliance-based controls to a forward-looking, embedded approach throughout business processes [8]. - The report emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive risk management framework that includes "full coverage and penetrating" self-regulatory rules, particularly for complex businesses like cross-border and derivative transactions [8][9]. - The integration of technology, such as artificial intelligence and big data, is highlighted as a means to enhance risk warning and response capabilities [9][10]. - The establishment of a collaborative risk management ecosystem is proposed, which includes regular communication platforms and industry training to promote information sharing and mutual learning [10]. Summary by Sections 1. Meeting Main Content - The meeting outlined a clear action framework for the next phase of risk management in the securities industry, focusing on proactive risk control and the development of a comprehensive self-regulatory rule system [8]. - The emphasis is on refining existing regulations to enhance their forward-looking and preventive nature, particularly in monitoring complex business areas [8]. 2. Impact on Capital Markets - The proactive risk management approach is expected to significantly enhance market stability and predictability, preventing individual risks from escalating into systemic risks [11]. - A robust risk management system is essential for securities firms to effectively perform their financing intermediary functions, aligning with recent reforms in evaluating investment banking quality [11][12]. - The initiative aims to improve the international reputation and attractiveness of China's capital markets by establishing a comprehensive risk management system that aligns with international standards [12]. 3. Impact on the Securities Industry - Comprehensive risk management capabilities are transitioning from being a cost center to becoming a core competitive advantage, directly influencing business qualifications and capital efficiency [13]. - The focus on technology in risk management is expected to drive increased investment in financial technology, creating differentiated competitive advantages for firms that effectively integrate technology into their risk management processes [14]. - The industry is anticipated to shift from a growth model based on scale expansion to one driven by quality and functionality, emphasizing capital-saving and service-oriented business models [14].

Core Viewpoint - Shenwan Hongyuan Securities has successfully launched its first swap linked to the Shenwan Ruiyan Gold Futures Enhanced Yield Strategy Index, with a business scale exceeding 1 billion yuan, combining index product innovation with the flexibility of OTC derivatives to enhance wealth management for residents and support the high-quality development of the gold industry [1][2] Group 1: Product Innovation - The strategy integrates professional index development with the flexibility of OTC derivatives, aiming to diversify financial product offerings for various institutions [1] - The Shenwan Ruiyan Gold Futures Enhanced Yield Strategy Index retains long positions in gold futures while systematically selling out-of-the-money call options to continuously capture option premiums, enhancing returns and optimizing volatility [1][2] Group 2: Market Context and Strategy Advantages - In the context of increasing global economic uncertainty and market volatility, gold serves as a traditional safe-haven asset, providing multiple functions such as diversification, inflation and interest rate risk hedging, and protection against extreme market shocks [1] - The strategy captures the "volatility smile" phenomenon in gold futures options, where implied volatility is significantly higher for deep out-of-the-money and deep in-the-money options compared to at-the-money options, allowing for higher volatility premiums [2] - Historical backtesting indicates that the covered call strategy maintains participation in gold price increases while effectively reducing overall portfolio volatility, resulting in a Sharpe ratio that significantly outperforms simple gold futures holdings [2] Group 3: Future Outlook - Shenwan Hongyuan Securities plans to strengthen its commitment to responsibility, enhance its index development capabilities across all categories, deepen multi-asset trading and hedging techniques, and expand the product offerings to cater to diverse risk preferences, market views, and investment horizons [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of Shanghai as an international green finance hub, highlighting the role of Shenwan Hongyuan in supporting national strategies and contributing to the development of green finance through various initiatives and services [1][10]. Group 1: Integration into Strategic Framework - The construction of Shanghai's international green finance hub requires collaboration among various market participants, with securities firms playing a crucial role in linking capital and assets [2]. - Shenwan Hongyuan has established a "Green Finance Service Group" to enhance coordination between top-level design and practical implementation, aiming for a comprehensive green finance service model [2]. - The company has provided nearly 100 billion yuan in financing services to green industries in the Yangtze River Delta over the past three years, demonstrating its commitment to corporate responsibility [2][3]. Group 2: Expanding Implementation Pathways - Shenwan Hongyuan leverages its full-license advantage to offer integrated services, including financing, investment, research, and consulting, to support the green industry [4]. - The company has facilitated the listing of multiple green technology firms on various stock exchanges, raising over 20 billion yuan for nearly 20 green enterprises since 2022 [4]. - In the bond financing sector, Shenwan Hongyuan has underwritten over 30 green corporate bonds totaling nearly 40 billion yuan, including a record 10 billion yuan low-carbon transition bond for China Baowu Steel Group [5]. Group 3: Future Layout and Continuous Innovation - Shenwan Hongyuan plans to enhance its service offerings by participating in innovative green financial products such as green REITs and carbon financial derivatives [8]. - The company aims to strengthen cross-border connections to attract more international capital into Shanghai's green assets and facilitate domestic green enterprises' access to global markets [8]. - There is a focus on building a collaborative ecosystem with local government and financial institutions to unify green finance standards and share information [9].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of compliance in the operations of futures and risk management companies, highlighting the need for a dynamic compliance mechanism to navigate hidden compliance traps in business processes [3][5]. Compliance Key Points and Practical Recommendations 1. Key Compliance Nodes in Business Processes - Business entry must prevent internal cross-risk, ensuring risk isolation between futures companies and risk management companies as mandated by regulations [4]. - Recent cases reveal significant compliance failures, such as a brokerage firm failing to isolate customer information, leading to regulatory penalties [4][5]. 2. Contract Design: Substance Over Form in Rigid Payment Clauses - The Asset Management New Regulations prohibit any form of rigid payment clauses, with strict penalties for violations [6]. - Institutions must avoid ambiguous terms that imply guaranteed returns, as these may be deemed invalid in disputes [6]. 3. Margin Management: Building a Comprehensive Risk Control Loop - Margin management is critical for risk control, with recommendations for ensuring margin collection meets exchange standards and maintaining thorough records [7][8]. - Institutions should establish robust credit management systems and ensure that margin amounts are reasonable and aligned with contract risks [8][9]. 4. Investor Suitability Management Requirements - A dynamic customer assessment mechanism is essential, requiring ongoing evaluations of investors' risk tolerance [10][11]. - Strict product risk matching is necessary, prohibiting the sale of high-risk products to low-risk tolerance investors [12]. 5. Comprehensive and Intelligent Risk Control System - Institutions should develop a unified compliance data platform to standardize regulatory data collection and enhance real-time monitoring [15]. - Automated monitoring of key parameters and the implementation of algorithmic trading monitoring modules are recommended to improve compliance efficiency [16][17]. 6. Strengthening Data Security and Personal Information Protection - Institutions must classify and manage data according to its sensitivity, ensuring compliance with data protection laws [19][20]. - Long-term retention of business logs is necessary for regulatory audits and compliance verification [21]. 7. Cross-Border Business and Geopolitical Risk Prevention - The article discusses the increasing facilitation of foreign investor participation in China's futures market, while also highlighting the need for geopolitical risk management in cross-border contracts [25][26]. - Institutions are advised to include renegotiation mechanisms in contracts to address unforeseen geopolitical events [26]. Conclusion - The futures market is expected to develop with a focus on both compliance and innovation, necessitating futures companies to strengthen their compliance frameworks while seizing business opportunities [29].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the critical role of the real economy in China's economic development, highlighting the importance of focusing on the real economy for long-term growth [1] - The recent data shows that the proportion of industrial clients in the OTC derivatives trading business of futures companies has surpassed 50% for the first time during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, indicating a significant increase in risk management awareness and capabilities among enterprises [1][2] Group 1: Market Function and Client Engagement - The understanding of the functions of the futures market has deepened among industrial clients, leading to an increased willingness to participate in futures and derivatives trading as effective tools for managing price risks and stabilizing profits [2] - The rise in the proportion of industrial clients' positions reflects a growing trend of utilizing OTC derivatives to address market risks [2] Group 2: Service Upgrades and Product Innovation - Futures companies' risk management subsidiaries have enhanced their services by investing in professional team building, service model innovation, and product development, providing high-quality, efficient, and personalized services to industrial clients [3] - Innovative OTC derivative tools and tailored options structures have been developed to meet the diverse risk management needs of industrial clients, attracting more participation in OTC derivatives trading [3] Group 3: Policy Support and Market Environment - A series of policies have created a favorable environment for the futures market to serve the real economy, including the implementation of the Futures and Derivatives Law and the core requirement of "financial services for the real economy" from the Central Financial Work Conference [4] - Regulatory bodies are encouraging futures companies to innovate business models and deepen cooperation with the real economy, thereby lowering the barriers and costs for industrial clients to participate in the futures market [4] Group 4: Integration and Collaboration - The integration of futures and spot markets is identified as a key direction for futures companies and their risk management subsidiaries to support the development of the real economy [6] - Strengthening collaboration with industrial clients in the spot market through basis trading and warehouse receipt services can provide accurate price signals and risk management support [6] Group 5: Education and Capacity Building - Despite the increasing participation of industrial clients in the futures market, there remains a need for enhanced market cultivation and investor education to address gaps in understanding market mechanisms and risk management tools [7] Group 6: Innovation and Internationalization - The innovation and internationalization of the futures market are crucial for enhancing the international competitiveness and development space of China's real economy [8] - Futures companies should promote market innovation and explore new business models to expand international market opportunities for industrial clients [8]

Core Viewpoint - The Shanghai options market experienced significant trading activity in July, with a total trading volume of 115.51 million contracts, reflecting a month-on-month increase of 48.92% [1] Group 1: Market Performance - In July, the trading volume for the Shanghai options market reached 11550.66 million contracts, with notable increases in various ETFs: - SSE 50 ETF options: 29.40 million contracts, up 49.25% - CSI 300 ETF options: 29.43 million contracts, up 68.31% - CSI 500 ETF options: 32.35 million contracts, up 22.91% - Huaxia Sci-Tech 50 ETF options: 20.04 million contracts, up 81.23% - E Fund Sci-Tech 50 ETF options: 4.29 million contracts, up 42.75% [1] Group 2: Participant Data - As of July 2025, the total number of investor accounts in the Shanghai options market reached 705,868, with 4,323 new brokerage accounts added in July. A total of 91 securities firms and 34 futures companies have opened stock options brokerage business trading permissions [2] - The top three securities firms by trading volume in July were: - CITIC Securities: 5.08% market share - Guotai Junan Securities: 4.34% market share - Huabao Securities: 4.23% market share [2] Group 3: Wealth Management and Risk Management - The low interest rate environment has made standardized, high liquidity, and low-risk options increasingly popular among retail investors. The implementation of the Futures and Derivatives Law has provided a legal framework for the over-the-counter derivatives market, enhancing investor interest [2] - The main products in the over-the-counter derivatives business include OTC options and total return swaps, which serve both risk management and wealth management functions. OTC options can hedge market risks for various assets, while total return swaps help manage risks related to prices, interest rates, and exchange rates [3] Group 4: Market Opportunities - The over-the-counter derivatives market is poised for unprecedented growth opportunities due to the gradual improvement of regulatory frameworks and accelerated business innovations, highlighting its value in serving the risk management needs of the real economy and meeting diverse investment demands [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that brokerages are accelerating their layout in institutional business amidst the growing power of professional institutional investors, focusing on optimizing their organizational structure and enhancing business synergy [1][2] - The institutional business is defined as a client-centered business concept aimed at licensed professional investment institutions, encompassing services such as trading, custody, research, and distribution [2] - The trend of increasing institutional investor ownership in the A-share market is evident, with policies likely to encourage long-term funds like insurance and pension funds to increase their equity asset allocation [2][3] Group 2 - Many brokerages are adjusting their internal structures to integrate asset management, investment banking, research, and sales systems, creating a closed loop for institutional business to enhance service efficiency [3] - The launch of the CSI 1000 index futures and options is expected to provide derivative tools for small-cap stock indices, enriching hedging strategies and attracting incremental funds, benefiting the development of brokerage institutional business [3][4] - The performance of brokerages is directly influenced by market conditions, with a significant decline in proprietary trading income impacting many brokerages' overall performance [3][4] Group 3 - The institutional business is characterized by large scale, rapid growth, extensive space, long chains, high difficulty, and high value rate, which can enhance customer stickiness and overall profit margins [4] - The derivatives market has shown substantial growth, with the off-exchange derivatives market's nominal principal scale reaching 20,167.17 billion yuan by the end of 2021, and a year-on-year increase of 76.56% [4] - Financial derivatives like index options and total return swaps are becoming crucial for risk management and differentiation in competition among brokerages, with expectations for continued growth in this sector [5]