文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 今天大盘略微下跌，中证全指下跌0.39%，波动不大，还在4.2星。 沪深300下跌多一些，中小盘股微跌。 最近市场风格轮动比较厉害。 今天创业板等成长风格下跌超2%。 前几天低迷的价值风格，今天普遍上涨。 红利、价值等指数表现比较坚挺。 月薪宝 （点击查看）等含红利类品种多的组合，今天也普遍上涨。 港股波动不大。 港股科技股下跌略多。 昨晚美股下跌，带动今天全球市场也波动，不过人民币资产受影响相对较小。 1. 有朋友问，A股现在是分红市还是融资市呢？ 这两天看到一个新闻。 A股2025年到12月中旬，分红总额，超过2024年，达到2.56万亿。 创下历史新高，也是连续第5年分红金额提升。 这几年A股有个比较显著的变化，就是鼓励上市公司提高分红比例。 分红比例是说上市公司把多少比例的盈利，拿出来分红。 如果简单计算，用股息率*市盈率，可以大致推算出分红比例。 以前A股很多公司，把盈利的30-40%拿出来分红。 这两年能提升到40-50%。 2. 分红、回购，都是上市公司回馈投资者的方式。 IPO、增发等，是上市公司从市场募资的方式。 一般牛市的时候，募资金额会大幅提升。 ...

文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 同的，泰4个云២到达到球雷的风应, 主要是短期波动的风险。 例如螺丝钉每个交易日发布的债券指数 估值表,里面基本都是国债、国开债、 证金债等安全性比较高的债券指数。 在正常没有遇到违约的情况下，债券指 数的波动并不大，通常短债的最大回撤 在1%以内，中长期债券在百分之几。 如果一个企业经营正常、每年盈利分红 良好，这样的企业发行的债券，违约概 率也比较低。例如一些 AAA级别、盈利 稳定的银行债。 如果企业经营不善,可能会遇到违约, 债券价格大跌,这就是俗称暴雷了。如 果债基投资了对应的债券,就是踩雷。 此时，债券基金可能会单日下跌百分之 几,甚至10%。这个波动,远远超过了 债券正常的价格波动范围,并且这种踩 雷带来的下跌,后面不一定能涨回来。 债基是否踩雷，还是比较容易识别的: 在短短几天里，出现5%或以上的大幅下 跌,这个下跌速度对纯债来说，是不太 正常的。 我们该怎么应对这种风险呢? 对个人投资者来讲,投资债券基金的目 的不是追求多高的收益，因为掌握了股 票基金的投资技巧之后,完全可以依靠 股票基金作为长期放大收益的资产。 对于债券类的资产，要追求的是稳定。 债 ...

文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） ·「+」的部分:通常会增加股票、可转 债等风险和收益更高的品种，用来提升 收益，这部分做进攻。 这种股债配置策略，好处体现在收益、 风险两方面： 如果仅是按照某个固定比例，配置了股 票和债券资产，那么后续随着市场的涨 跌，股债的比例又会有变动。 比如,一开始,40%的资金投入股票基 金,60%的资金投入债券基金,股票和 债券的涨跌并不同步，假设在一段时间 后,股票基金上涨比较多，那比例就超 过40%了。 所以需要按一定的方式，进行再平衡, 恢复股债的比例。 例如，一种常见的方式是，基于市场估 值的再平衡策略,这种策略,原理来自 于巴菲特的老师格雷厄姆。 •股票的长期收益更高，使得「固收+」 的长期收益相比固收品种显著提高; •股债负相关性,减少了整体波动风险。 (2) 再平衡 ▼点击阅读原 文，免费学习大额家庭资产配置课程 简单来说,就是: ·当股票上涨比例较高时,通过再平衡, 止盈一些股票，加仓到债券里。 ·当股票市场下跌,股票比例降低时,就 卖掉一部分债券，加到股票里。 这样不仅可以减少波动风险,还可以自 动实现「低买高卖」，在股市低估时加 仓，在股市高估时落袋为安 ...

文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 这些 股债恒定比例指数，更具体的信息如下图所示。 | 指数名称 | 推出时间 | 股/债比 | 指数代码 | 底层股票指数 | 底层债券指数 | 调仓频率 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | 例设置 | | | | | | 上证红利股债恒定比例 | | 10/90 | 950347.SH | | 上证0-5年高等级信用 | | | | 2024/11/21 | 20/80 | 950348.SH | 上证红利全收益指数 | | 季度再平衡机制 | | 指数 | | 30/70 | 950349.SH | | 债票息策略指数 | | | 中证红利股债恒定比例 | | 10/90 | 932411 CSI | | 中证0-5年中高等级信 | | | | 2024/11/21 | 20/80 | 932412.CSI | 中证红利全收益指数 | | 季度再平衡机制 | | 指数 | | | | | 用债票息策略指数 | | | | | 30/70 | 932413.CSI | | | | | 中证红利低波股债 ...

Market Overview - The overall market has shown strength, with the index returning to a rating of 4.2 stars at the close [1] - Both large-cap and small-cap stocks have experienced similar upward movements [2] - In the value style, the free cash flow index has risen significantly and is approaching normal valuation levels [3] - Growth sectors, including the ChiNext and technology stocks, have also seen overall increases [4] - The Hong Kong stock market has risen, with the technology index leading the gains [5] - However, fluctuations in overseas markets caused a slight pullback in the gains of the Hong Kong market in the afternoon [6] Bond Market Dynamics - The stock market has been relatively strong, while the bond market has experienced significant volatility [7] - A three-year bull market for bonds is anticipated from 2022 to 2024, but current valuations are not particularly cheap [8] - The bond market has entered a bear phase over the past year, leading to a relatively subdued environment [9] - Recent regulatory changes regarding fund sales may impact institutional investors' bond fund returns, prompting some to redeem their bond funds and causing market fluctuations [10][12] - Last week, certain bonds and bond funds experienced significant declines, with Vanke bonds showing notable volatility [13][14] - Some bond funds faced "踩雷" incidents, with declines of around 5% within a week [15][16] Types of Bonds and Risks - Bonds are categorized into interest rate bonds and credit bonds [18] - Interest rate bonds, such as government bonds, are highly secure and typically do not face default risks, mainly experiencing short-term volatility [19][21] - Credit bonds, issued by corporations or local government financing vehicles, carry default risks, especially if the issuing entity is not performing well [25][28] - If a bond fund invests in such credit bonds, it may face significant price drops, leading to "踩雷" events [29][30] Identifying and Mitigating Risks - Identifying whether a bond fund has faced "踩雷" is relatively straightforward; a drop of 5% or more within a few days is abnormal for pure bonds [33] - Last week, some bond funds experienced declines exceeding 5% [34] - To mitigate risks, individual investors should focus on stability rather than high returns from bond funds [37] - It is advisable to prioritize interest rate bonds and maintain a diversified fund portfolio to reduce the impact of individual bond performance [41][42]

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of diversifying investments across different asset classes, including both RMB and foreign currency assets, as well as stocks and bonds [2] - It introduces a free course that systematically covers investment knowledge related to US dollar bond funds, indicating a growing interest in this area among investors [2] - The article highlights the rapid growth of "fixed income +" products in recent years, driven by declining deposit rates and increasing investor attention [7] Group 2 - "Fixed income +" funds typically add a small amount of stocks or convertible bonds to a pure bond base, leveraging the negative correlation between stocks and bonds to achieve stable returns while reducing volatility risk [5] - Traditional "fixed income +" products include primary bond funds, secondary bond funds, and mixed bond funds, with secondary bond funds and mixed bond funds being the most classic types [5] - The broader category of "fixed income +" also encompasses hedge funds and all-weather strategy funds, which may not hold a high proportion of bonds but use strategies to control volatility risk [5][7]

Market Overview - The overall market showed slight fluctuations, with the index remaining at 4.3 stars [1] - The Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index experienced a minor decline [2] - Small-cap stocks saw a slight increase [3] - Value styles, including dividend stocks, experienced a slight rise [4] - The ChiNext index initially rose by 2% but closed lower [5] - Hong Kong stocks showed a slight increase [6] - This week, stock assets overall increased, while the bond market experienced significant volatility [7] Bond Market Insights - Bonds also experience bull and bear markets, typically cycling every 3-5 years [9] - Recent historical examples include: - Q4 2016 to early 2018: bond bear market - 2018 to 2020: bond bull market - 2020-2021: bond bear market - 2022-2024: bond bull market - The past year has seen a downturn in bonds [10][11] - Bonds are categorized by duration: - Short-term bonds (up to 1 year) - Medium-short bonds (1-3 years) - Medium bonds (3-5 years) - Long bonds (5-10 years) - Ultra-long bonds (over 10 years) [12] - Short-term bonds have low volatility, typically with a maximum drawdown of less than 1% [12] - Long-term bonds are more affected by market cycles, with a 30-year treasury index fund dropping 5.5% in Q3 [17] Current Bond Market Conditions - The yield on long-term pure bonds has decreased from 3-4% in 2022 to around 1.6% in 2024, making them less attractive to investors [21] - The recent decline in long-term bonds is attributed to high valuations and low returns [21] - The recent draft of new fund sales regulations may impact bond funds significantly, as redemption fees could take a substantial portion of returns [21][22] - The investment value of bond funds is currently mixed: - Short-term bond funds are suitable for short-term management [21] - Long-term pure bond funds are less appealing unless yields return to 2-3% [21] - "Fixed income plus" funds, which combine bonds and equities, remain a viable option [21] Investment Strategies - New fixed income plus index funds are expected to be launched soon, suitable for ordinary investors [22][26] - These funds will have fixed stock-bond ratios, such as 10:90, 15:85, and 20:80 [24] - The current market conditions suggest that fixed income plus strategies still hold investment value [28] Valuation Insights - A valuation table for dividend and free cash flow indices has been compiled for reference [36] - The valuation metrics include earnings yield, price-to-earnings ratio, price-to-book ratio, dividend yield, and return on equity [39] - The valuation table indicates various indices, with some showing undervaluation suitable for investment [44]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the characteristics of "Fixed Income +" products, which combine low-risk bond assets for defense and higher-risk assets like stocks for potential returns, making them suitable for various types of investors [1][3]. Summary by Sections Characteristics of "Fixed Income +" - "Fixed Income +" consists of two parts: a defensive low-risk bond component and an offensive higher-risk component to enhance returns [1]. - The long-term returns of "Fixed Income +" products are significantly higher than those of pure bond funds, with a 20-year annualized return of approximately 7.77% compared to 4.33% for pure bond funds [3][5]. - The maximum drawdown for "Fixed Income +" products is about -12.02%, which is lower than that of equity funds, indicating a moderate risk profile [3][5]. Suitable Investor Types - **First Type: Steady Growth Seekers** Investors with moderate risk tolerance seeking steady asset growth find "Fixed Income +" appealing as it balances risk and return [7][9]. - **Second Type: Asset Allocators** Investors looking to balance stock and bond allocations can use the "100-age" rule for distribution, with "Fixed Income +" suitable for the bond portion [10]. - **Third Type: Alternatives to Savings and Wealth Management** With declining deposit rates and the end of guaranteed returns in bank wealth management, "Fixed Income +" serves as an ideal alternative for those willing to accept some volatility for higher returns [11][12][13]. - **Fourth Type: Transitional Investors** Investors optimistic about the stock market but wary of short-term corrections can use "Fixed Income +" to maintain exposure to equities with reduced volatility [17][18]. - **Fifth Type: Short to Medium-Term Fund Managers** Investors needing access to funds within one to three years can consider "Fixed Income +" as it offers better returns than traditional savings or money market funds [19][20][21]. Conclusion - "Fixed Income +" products are suitable for various investor needs, providing a balanced approach to risk and return [22][23].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the declining interest rates on bank deposits and wealth management products, indicating that keeping money in banks is becoming less profitable [1][3]. Summary by Sections Interest Rate Decline - Recent years have seen a gradual decrease in the yield of both bank deposits and wealth management products, making it less attractive to keep money in banks [1]. - As of May 2025, major state-owned banks in China have lowered the interest rates on RMB deposits [1]. Current Interest Rates - The current interest rates for various deposit types are as follows: - Demand deposits: 0.05% - 1-year fixed deposit: 0.95% - 3-year fixed deposit: 1.25% - 5-year fixed deposit: 1.30% [3][7]. Reasons for Interest Rate Decline - The long-term trend of declining interest rates is attributed to a slowdown in overall economic growth, with GDP growth rates decreasing from over 10% in 2006-2007 to around 5% in 2024 [5][8]. - As the economy matures, the speed at which companies earn profits slows down, leading to lower borrowing willingness and interest rates [8]. Rise of "Fixed Income +" - In response to declining interest rates, the "Fixed Income +" investment strategy has gained popularity among investors seeking better returns without increasing risk [9]. - "Fixed Income +" typically consists of a low-risk bond component for stability and a higher-risk equity component to enhance returns [9]. Global Perspective on "Fixed Income +" - The "Fixed Income +" concept is well-established in overseas markets, particularly in the U.S. and Japan, where traditional fixed income yields have declined significantly [10]. - In the U.S., as of February 2021, there were 3,936 bond funds, with 1,983 classified as "Fixed Income +," representing nearly 50% of all bond funds and about 70% of total assets [10]. Future Demand for "Fixed Income +" - The decline in traditional fixed income yields is expected to drive domestic investors towards "Fixed Income +" products, which are designed to provide stable returns [11].

Group 1 - The core concept of "Fixed Income +" is to combine fixed income assets with a small portion of higher-risk assets like stocks and convertible bonds to enhance returns while maintaining stability [2][10][15] - "Fixed Income +" typically consists of two parts: the fixed income portion, which includes low-risk bond assets for defensive purposes, and the "+" portion, which includes stocks and convertible bonds for offensive growth [2][15] - The performance of "Fixed Income +" products is influenced by the negative correlation between stocks and bonds, which helps to reduce volatility risk [3][15] Group 2 - Different stock-bond ratios significantly impact the returns and risks of "Fixed Income +" products, with higher stock allocations leading to greater long-term returns but also increased volatility risk [5][6] - Classic "Fixed Income +" products include primary bond funds, secondary bond funds, and mixed bond funds, with secondary bond funds and mixed bond funds being the most representative [10][15] - Broader definitions of "Fixed Income +" also encompass hedge funds and all-weather strategy funds, which may not have a high proportion of bonds but use strategies to control volatility risk [12][15] Group 3 - The increasing attention on "Fixed Income +" products is attributed to the decline in deposit interest rates, leading to rapid growth in this investment category [15] - For investors seeking a more convenient way to invest in "Fixed Income +", products like "Monthly Salary Treasure" are recommended, with a low initial investment threshold of 200 yuan [15]