Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the liquid cooling industry, highlighting the accelerated demand for liquid cooling solutions and the focus on high-value upstream segments [1]. Core Insights - The liquid cooling technology is expected to penetrate the market rapidly due to the explosion of AI-driven computing power demands, which necessitate more efficient cooling solutions than traditional air cooling can provide [3][21]. - The government's increasing regulatory focus on Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) for data centers is driving the adoption of liquid cooling technologies, as they are critical for meeting stringent energy efficiency standards [3][28]. - Domestic manufacturers are presented with significant opportunities to enter the global high-end supply chain as major companies like NVIDIA and Google shift to more open procurement models for liquid cooling components [3][33]. Summary by Sections 1. Liquid Cooling Technology Penetration - The demand for AI computing power is driving the necessity for liquid cooling solutions, with NVIDIA's Rubin architecture setting a new standard for 100% liquid cooling designs [3][21]. - The tightening of PUE regulations by the government is expected to accelerate the adoption of liquid cooling technologies in data centers [3][28]. - The shift in procurement strategies by companies like NVIDIA and Google allows domestic manufacturers to directly engage in the supply chain, creating strategic opportunities [3][33]. 2. Current Market Dynamics - Cold plate liquid cooling is currently the dominant technology due to its compatibility and lower retrofitting costs, making it a focal point for investment in high-value components [3][39]. - The report identifies key high-value components in the liquid cooling supply chain, such as CDU, UQD, and manifolds, which have high gross margins [3][39][12]. 3. Investment Strategy - The report suggests focusing on manufacturers that have a competitive edge in high-value components and those capable of large-scale delivery of liquid cooling solutions, as they are likely to benefit from the growing demand for data center upgrades [3][12].

Investment Rating - The report highlights a positive outlook for the liquid cooling industry, driven by the increasing power demands of AI clusters and the transition from air cooling to liquid cooling as a necessity for data centers [2][12]. Core Insights - The NVIDIA GTC2026 conference is expected to showcase the Rubin architecture and 1.6T optical module, which are pivotal in redefining the investment logic within the industry [6][12]. - The Chinese liquid cooling server market is projected to grow significantly, reaching approximately 294 billion yuan by 2025, driven by the surging demand for AI computing power [38][42]. - The report identifies 11 key companies in the liquid cooling supply chain on the Beijing Stock Exchange, including Shuguang Shuchuang and Kaiter Co., which are positioned to benefit from this market growth [51][52]. Summary by Sections Section 1: AI Clusters and Liquid Cooling - AI clusters like Rubin are pushing cabinet power consumption to 120kW-150kW, making traditional air cooling inadequate and liquid cooling essential [12][13]. - The transition to liquid cooling is becoming a standard requirement for AI data centers, with significant implications for energy efficiency and operational costs [16][21]. Section 2: Market Growth and Projections - The Chinese liquid cooling server market was valued at approximately 109 billion yuan in 2023, with a year-on-year growth of 49.3%, and is expected to exceed 400 billion yuan by 2027 [38][40]. - Global shipments of liquid cooling cabinets are anticipated to reach 150,000 units by 2026 and nearly 500,000 units by 2030, indicating rapid market expansion [41][42]. Section 3: Stock Performance and Valuation - The median stock price change for technology growth stocks on the Beijing Stock Exchange was -3.43% from March 9 to March 13, 2026, with 26 companies showing gains [54][56]. - The median price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio for the electronic equipment industry increased to 57.9X, reflecting a slight upward trend in valuation [54][56]. Section 4: Key Companies in the Liquid Cooling Supply Chain - The report lists 11 companies involved in the liquid cooling supply chain, including Shuguang Shuchuang (immersion cooling) and Kaiter Co. (temperature sensors), highlighting their roles in the growing market [51][52].

Group 1 - Nvidia is set to complete the certification of the GB300 liquid cooling solution, facing challenges from Chinese manufacturer Invec, which has reportedly captured nearly half of the market share for Nvidia's G300 liquid cooling cabinets in China and is the only certified liquid cooling supplier in mainland China [1] - This development may reshape the market landscape for AI infrastructure thermal management [1] Group 2 - Vertiv's stock price has shown significant volatility, with a 10.03% increase on February 6, closing at $195.58, followed by a 3.28% rise on February 9, closing at $202.00, before a 1.18% decline on February 10, closing at $199.62, resulting in a cumulative increase of 9.34% over the week and a trading range of 19.76% [2] - The trading volume increased by 78.16% to $1.494 billion on February 4, with approximately $1.346 billion on February 10, indicating high market activity [2] - The current price-to-earnings ratio (TTM) is 75.33, with a total market capitalization of approximately $76.3 billion [2] Group 3 - Evercore analyst Amit Daryanani maintains a "buy" rating for Vertiv with a target price of $210, reflecting optimism regarding the company's order growth in AI-driven infrastructure [3] - In February 2026, 26 institutions provided insights on Vertiv, with 77% giving buy or hold ratings, indicating strong market confidence [3] - As of the third quarter of 2025, Vertiv had an unfulfilled order backlog of $9.5 billion, with a shipment-to-order ratio of approximately 1.4 times [3]

Summary of Liquid Cooling Industry Conference Call Industry Overview - The liquid cooling market is expected to see significant growth, with Google's demand for liquid cooling cabinets revised upwards from 30,000-40,000 units to approximately 65,000 units by 2026, indicating a market space increase of about 50% [2][3] - NVIDIA anticipates shipping 100,000 liquid cooling cabinets next year, corresponding to a market space of 70 billion RMB [1][4] - The global liquid cooling market is projected to reach a scale of 100 billion RMB by 2026, tripling from approximately 30 billion RMB in 2025, and could reach 200 billion RMB by 2028 [1][6] Key Players and Supply Chain - Major suppliers in NVIDIA's liquid cooling supply chain include AVC, Colmars, Baode, and Shuanghong, while CDU suppliers include Weidi, Delta, Ament Cool IT, and Schneider [5] - Google's CDU suppliers include Invec, Kohler Master, and Invent, with Invec holding a market share of 30%-35% [5] - Domestic suppliers include Invec, Shenling Environment, and Gaolan Co., which have a high localization rate [5] Company-Specific Insights Invec - Invec is highlighted as a key recommended company due to its capacity and technological advantages, showing significant competitiveness in acquiring overseas orders [7] - The company is expected to see a substantial improvement in performance, with stock prices potentially increasing by 40%-50% as it captures a 30% market share in the external cabinet market, leading to revenues exceeding 4 billion RMB and profits over 1 billion RMB [8] DingTong Technology - DingTong Technology has secured an order for 5,000 liquid cooling IO connectors and anticipates a near doubling of demand for 800G and 1.6T optical modules in 2026, which will significantly boost connector demand [9][10] YiDong Electronics - YiDong Electronics, engaged in OEM for server-related products, expects its OEM revenue to reach at least 1 billion RMB next year, with plans to expand capacity to meet customer demand [11] ShenLing Environment and GaoLan Co. - ShenLing Environment is positioned strongly in the domestic data center air cooling management systems and is expected to secure 20%-30% of Huawei's procurement share, with overseas orders amounting to at least 250 million RMB [12] - GaoLan Co. is also a key supplier for Huawei, with expectations of securing similar procurement shares and actively participating in Southeast Asian project tenders [12] Other Companies - Shuguang Digital Creation is a leading domestic company in immersion liquid cooling technology, collaborating with major North American clients like Meta and Google [13] - Siquan New Materials is focused on sample work within NVIDIA's supply chain and is advancing its related business development [13] Market Trends and Future Outlook - The increasing power consumption of AI computing cards and the rising penetration rate of liquid cooling solutions are expected to enhance the value of liquid cooling, with a sustainable gross margin of around 50% projected for the next 2-4 years [1][6] - The liquid cooling market is anticipated to align closely with the growth trajectories of optical modules and PCB sectors, indicating a robust future for the industry [6]

Core Insights - The transition to liquid cooling in data centers is becoming essential due to the rising power consumption of AI chips, marking a significant structural shift in the industry [1][2][4] - The global market for direct liquid cooling (DLC) is projected to grow from $1.138 billion in 2024 to $31.191 billion by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 51% [14][16] - The shift towards liquid cooling is driven by the need to meet stringent energy efficiency standards and the increasing power density of server cabinets [7][10] Market Dynamics - AI accelerator thermal design power (TDP) is rapidly increasing, with NVIDIA's GPUs expected to reach power levels between 1,800W to 7,000W in the coming years [2][4] - Traditional air cooling methods are becoming inadequate as cabinet power density exceeds 30-40kW, necessitating a shift to liquid cooling solutions [5][10] - Liquid cooling technology can reduce Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) to below 1.2, making it a favorable option for meeting regulatory requirements [7] Technology Trends - The liquid cooling market is bifurcating into two main technology segments: Cold Plate technology for applications below 3,500W and Micro-Channel Lid (MCL) technology for higher power applications [10][12] - Cold Plate technology is expected to remain dominant for lower power applications, while MCL technology is anticipated to become mainstream for high-performance chips by 2026 [11][12] - The value of liquid cooling per rack is expected to quadruple by 2030, indicating a significant increase in market value [15] Supply Chain Evolution - NVIDIA is shifting its supply chain strategy from a "closed delivery" model to an "open ecosystem," allowing more suppliers to enter its supply chain [17][19] - This change provides opportunities for domestic suppliers to become either secondary suppliers through ODMs or primary suppliers as their technologies mature [17][19] - The estimated market for liquid cooling systems required for ASIC chips is projected to reach 35.3 billion RMB by 2026, with NVIDIA's platform requiring even more [19]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommendation" rating for the company, with a target price of 62.4 yuan [2]. Core Insights - The company achieved a revenue of 3.977 billion yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, representing a year-over-year increase of 15.05%. The net profit attributable to shareholders reached 4.704 billion yuan, up 210.74% year-over-year [2]. - The company has shown continuous quarter-over-quarter growth in both revenue and profit, indicating a positive trend in its delivery and deployment [2][7]. - The company has a robust resource reserve, having successfully listed its REIT project, which enhances its financing capabilities [2][7]. - The company is expanding its liquid cooling deployment, with new centers exceeding the power capacity of conventional data centers [2][7]. - The company is well-positioned to benefit from the increasing demand for intelligent computing centers driven by AI development [2][7]. Financial Summary - For 2025, the company is projected to generate total revenue of 5.886 billion yuan, with a net profit of 5.217 billion yuan, reflecting a significant growth trajectory [2][8]. - The earnings per share (EPS) is expected to be 3.19 yuan in 2025, with a price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of 15 [2][8]. - The company’s total assets are projected to reach 39.052 billion yuan by 2025, with a debt-to-equity ratio of 111.2% [8].

Core Viewpoint - The company has developed a comprehensive capability chain in liquid cooling solutions, leveraging its expertise in semiconductor packaging materials to provide end-to-end services from material design to system-level solutions [1] Group 1: Business Development - The liquid cooling business has naturally extended from packaging materials to liquid cooling components and system-level solutions [1] - The company has established a complete product matrix for secondary side liquid cooling, including MLCP, cold plates, quick connectors, CDU modules, and liquid cooling cabinets [1] Group 2: Service Offering - The business model allows the company to offer a full range of services to clients, including thermal simulation, structural design, prototype validation, and mass production [1] - The company utilizes a self-controlled manufacturing system to achieve cost optimization and high reliability in delivery [1]

Core Insights - The liquid cooling technology is gaining prominence in the digital economy era, driven by the "dual carbon" strategy and the national project "East Data West Computing" [1][2] - The capital market has responded positively, with the liquid cooling sector index rising by 2.22% and a total transaction volume of 58.358 billion yuan on November 13 [1] Industry Overview - Data centers, while being the engine of the digital economy, are also significant energy consumers, facing pressure to transform under the "dual carbon" strategy [2] - By 2025, data centers are required to improve energy efficiency by 30%, with a target Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of below 1.3, marking a critical threshold for operational viability [2] Technology and Market Dynamics - Traditional air cooling methods are inadequate for meeting the new efficiency standards, necessitating revolutionary cooling solutions like liquid cooling [2] - Liquid cooling technology can potentially reduce overall energy consumption in data centers by over 30%, with its cooling efficiency being significantly higher than that of air cooling [2] Competitive Landscape - The liquid cooling market is expanding rapidly, with companies like Zhongshi Technology and Wanma Technology increasing their investments in liquid cooling solutions [3] - The liquid cooling technology is evolving towards more efficient and intelligent systems, with two main types: cold plate liquid cooling and immersion liquid cooling, each with distinct advantages and cost implications [3] Future Trends - The immersion liquid cooling technology is expected to become mainstream as costs decrease, and it will likely integrate with AI and IoT for smarter thermal management [3]

Core Viewpoint - The company, Runze Technology, is positioned to benefit from the transition of liquid cooling from an optional solution to a necessary one for high-power computing, driven by the rapid increase in chip and cabinet power since 2025 [1] Group 1: Liquid Cooling Technology - Since 2023, the company has delivered the industry's first fully liquid-cooled intelligent computing center, indicating a significant advancement in liquid cooling deployment [1] - The company has expanded its liquid cooling deployment scale, applying its self-developed next-generation cold plate liquid cooling technology across multiple new intelligent computing center projects nationwide [1] - The new technology enables high-density, green deployment with individual cabinets exceeding 40 kW [1] Group 2: Market Position and Operations - The company has established itself as one of the earliest third-party suppliers to scale deploy high-performance domestic liquid cooling computing power, reinforcing its leadership in liquid cooling [1] - The operational stability of liquid cooling computing centers has improved, supporting the company's ongoing commitment to reliable and secure operations [1]

Core Viewpoint - Industrial Fulian, once labeled as a "contract manufacturer," has successfully transformed into a key supplier of global AI computing infrastructure, riding the wave of the AI boom and significantly increasing its market valuation [1][2][3] Financial Performance - In Q3, Industrial Fulian reported a net profit of 10.373 billion yuan, a substantial increase of 62.04% year-on-year, driven primarily by AI servers and high-speed switches [3][5] - For the first three quarters of 2025, the company achieved a revenue of 603.931 billion yuan, up 38.40% year-on-year, with a net profit of 22.487 billion yuan, reflecting a growth of 48.52% [5] - The cloud computing segment saw revenue growth exceeding 65% year-on-year, with Q3 alone showing over 75% growth, largely due to the demand for AI server products [5][6] Market Trends - The global demand for AI servers is expected to grow significantly, with projections indicating a market value of $298 billion by 2025, accounting for over 70% of the overall server market [9] - Major cloud service providers like Amazon, Microsoft, and Nvidia are expanding their AI computing infrastructure, leading to a surge in AI server demand [2][9] Strategic Positioning - Industrial Fulian has leveraged over 20 years of experience in large-scale intelligent manufacturing to meet the "contract manufacturing" needs for AI servers, enhancing customer stickiness [9] - The company is a key manufacturer of Nvidia's GB200 AI server products and is preparing for the mass production of the next-generation GB300 products, expected to ship in the second half of 2025 [2][10] Customer Engagement - Industrial Fulian has established deep collaborations with leading global clients to develop next-generation AI servers and liquid-cooled cabinets, providing customized solutions widely used in high-performance AI data centers [10] - The company is also actively involved in the design and development of robotics, applying these technologies in various automated production lines [11] Investment Interest - With high performance expectations, Industrial Fulian has become a core investment target for institutional investors amid the AI wave, rising from 157th to 7th in public fund holdings [13][14] - The AI computing sector is experiencing rapid growth, with significant capital flowing into companies like Industrial Fulian, indicating a shift from traditional sectors to AI computing leaders [14]