近日，有专家表示"流感神药"奥司他韦、玛巴洛沙韦等"已出现耐药情况"。12月2日，这一观点引 发关注，流感病毒相关耐药问题随后登上热搜。不少网友焦虑，耐药是否成为普遍现象？耐药问题影响 严重吗？感染流感病毒后再次感染是不是就意味着耐药了？围绕这些公众的困惑，科技日报记者联系采 访了相关专家。 第一问：耐药情况真的出现了吗？ "结合我院流感病毒监测数据，奥司他韦当前耐药率仍处于较低水平，仅在个别免疫功能低下患者 中检测到病毒株对药物敏感性略有下降。"河北邯郸市人民医院院长、主任药师李楠告诉科技日报记 者，"相较而言，玛巴洛沙韦的耐药问题较为突出，我院接诊的部分使用该药物治疗的患者中，已发现 病毒逃逸突变、药物敏感性降低等现象。" 12月3日，中国疾病控制中心发布的最新一期流感监测周报显示，第48周，国家流感中心对15株甲 型H1N1和14株乙型流感毒株进行神经氨酸酶抑制剂耐药性分析，所有监测流感毒株均对神经氨酸酶抑 制剂敏感。 "流感监测周报中的神经氨酸酶抑制剂，代表药物包括'奥司他韦'，它抑制住病毒表面神经氨酸 酶，阻止病毒颗粒从感染细胞释放扩散。"李楠解释，医院的观测数据与国家流感中心"绝大多数毒株对 神经 ...

Core Insights - The 18th Tang Jiazhen Life Science Award ceremony was held at China Pharmaceutical University, recognizing 12 scientists for their contributions in life sciences [1][2] - The Tang Jiazhen Life Science Award is considered one of the most influential and credible academic awards in China's life sciences field, promoting original innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration [1] Group 1 - A total of 35 scientists have received the "Tang Jiazhen Life Science Achievement Award" since its inception in 2008, along with 6 recipients of the "International Cooperation Award," 23 clinical doctors awarded the "Clinical Medicine Award," 17 experts receiving the "Industrialization Award," and 170 young scholars honored with the "Innovation Award" [1] - The current recipient of the "Tang Jiazhen Life Science Innovation Award," Yan Jianbing, President of Huazhong Agricultural University, expressed commitment to advancing agricultural technology innovation and nurturing the next generation of scientific talent [1] Group 2 - The ceremony aimed to deepen collaboration among academicians, experts, and entrepreneurs to address critical challenges in life sciences and contribute to the "Healthy China" strategy [2] - The event was hosted by China Pharmaceutical University to inspire young students to engage in original innovation in life sciences, emphasizing the importance of transforming scientific discoveries into innovative drugs for disease treatment [2]

Core Insights - The study reveals that the scents of high-fat foods, such as bacon, experienced by mothers during pregnancy and lactation can influence the metabolic health of their offspring, potentially increasing obesity risk [1][2] - The research emphasizes that maternal diet impacts not only the nutritional intake but also the "odor language" that communicates with the fetus through amniotic fluid and breast milk [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The experiment involved pregnant and lactating mice being given two types of diets: one with bacon scent and one standard diet, showing no weight difference in mothers or fetuses but distinct metabolic outcomes in offspring [1] - Offspring exposed to bacon scent during early life showed increased body fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and lower energy expenditure compared to the control group, indicating a predisposition to obesity and metabolic disorders [2] Group 2: Implications - The study suggests that early sensory experiences, such as food scents, create a "metabolic memory" in the brain, affecting future responses to food and energy usage [2] - While the research is based on mice, it highlights the potential importance of maternal dietary scents in shaping the health trajectory of future generations, suggesting a new avenue for obesity and metabolic disease prevention [2]

Core Insights - The research from Harvard University reveals a dual mechanism by which stress leads to hair loss, providing new insights into autoimmune diseases [1] Group 1: Mechanism of Hair Loss - The first mechanism identified is "immediate hair loss," triggered by the sympathetic nervous system's response to stress, resulting in the release of high levels of norepinephrine, which can kill rapidly proliferating cells in hair follicles [1] - The second mechanism involves the destruction of hair follicles by norepinephrine, which leads the body to perceive the damaged tissue as foreign, triggering an immune response that activates CD8+ T cells to attack hair follicles, potentially causing recurrent hair loss with lasting effects [1] Group 2: Implications for Autoimmune Diseases - This discovery is significant for understanding autoimmune diseases, as conditions like type 1 diabetes, lupus, and multiple sclerosis often require external triggers, with stress potentially being one of them [1]

分析证实，两组类器官均发育出具有气道和肺泡特征的肺样结构。RNA测序显示，它们形成了具 有典型特征的上皮细胞与中胚层肺细胞。 尽管两组类器官发育出的细胞类型相同，但比例略有差异。例如，人工培养的类器官含有更多肺泡 细胞，而生物反应器中的类器官体积较大，肺泡球结构较少。 生物反应器可一次性量产类器官，显著减轻了人工负担，有望改变肺病研究格局。未来患者或可利 用自身组织，通过该反应器培育个性化类器官，提前测试治疗方案的有效性。 团队首先选取干细胞，令其在培养皿中增殖。待细胞充分生长后，将其分离并"激活"，形成小型细 胞聚集体，即胚状体。随后，他们将胚状体置于特殊生物反应器中，其中含有促进类器官生长的培养 液。同时，团队还人工培养了一组类器官作为对照。 这些结构在反应器中生长4周后，团队通过显微镜、免疫荧光、免疫组化及RNA测序进行分析，以 了解类器官的发育过程、细胞类型及其与传统培养类器官的差异。 科技日报讯 （记者刘霞）德国杜伊斯堡-埃森大学科学家在近日出版的《生物工程与生物技术前 沿》杂志发表论文称，他们开发出一种自动化制备方法，可批量生产微型肺类器官。这种类器官包含真 实肺细胞微结构，能更有效地测试实验药物 ...

Core Viewpoint - China Railway Construction High-tech Equipment Co., Ltd. has successfully completed the export of large railway maintenance machinery to Uzbekistan and Thailand, marking significant milestones in international cooperation and technological innovation in railway maintenance equipment [1][2] Group 1: Export Achievements - A batch of nine large railway maintenance machines was exported to Uzbekistan, representing the largest scale of such exports from China to the country [1] - The first complete set of large railway maintenance machinery was exported to Thailand, consisting of four machines that form a complete construction loop system [2] Group 2: Technological Innovations - The contact network three-platform maintenance vehicle for Uzbekistan was customized to meet local operational environments and standards, featuring an innovative design that improves operational efficiency by over 30% [1] - The equipment for Thailand was adapted to the specific 1000mm gauge requirements, significantly reducing axle weight and enhancing the vehicle's ability to navigate bridges and tight curves [2] Group 3: Strategic Implications - The successful export of railway maintenance equipment is expected to strengthen cooperation between China and Central and Southeast Asian countries in the railway sector [2] - The advancements in railway maintenance technology contribute to enhancing operational efficiency and safety in railway operations, promoting regional economic and social integration [2]

Core Viewpoint - The first full-process AI animated film in China, "Reunion Order," was launched at the 2025 Science and Technology Innovation Conference in Shanghai, showcasing the integration of technology and culture in the animation industry [1] Group 1: Film Production and Technology - "Reunion Order" is a collaborative production involving several organizations, including the Central Radio and Television Station and Shanxi Cultural Media [1] - The film features panda siblings as protagonists, telling a story of overcoming challenges to achieve reunion [1] - The production team developed an AI full-process animation production platform, enabling coherent AI-generated animated films [1] Group 2: Industry Impact and Innovation - The film represents a significant case in the integration of technology and the animation game industry, being the only ACG case recognized at the Shanxi Cultural Expo [1] - The AI platform allows for 4K ultra-high-definition visuals and significantly reduces production time [1] - The use of AI enhances the efficiency of cultural product creation, promotes the intelligent upgrade of China's animation industry, and helps traditional culture attract younger audiences [1]

如果学校食堂不再提供千篇一律的饭菜，而是根据你的营养需求，定制一份能助你精力充沛应对学习的 餐食，这会实现吗？ 据物理学家组织网日前报道，3D打印食品正让这些设想走向现实。近年来，3D打印食品技术发展迅 速，全球多家机构与企业投入资源，研发创新。他们以糊状物、粉末和凝胶为"墨水"，打印出各式面 条、牛排和巧克力，再辅以激光烹饪，让个性化定制食品日渐流行，并悄然引领美食新风尚。 激发创意火花 美国国防部也在探索这一领域。在位于马萨诸塞州纳蒂克陆军设施的食品工程与分析实验室中，劳伦· 奥莱克希克团队正研制3D打印能量棒，以优化士兵在特定任务中的表现，满足个体营养需求。奥莱克 希克展望，未来这类打印机或能与可穿戴传感器联动，实时监测使用者的生理状态，按需补充营养。 3D打印技术让人们得以定制个性化美食，探索厨房中的全新维度，创造出前所未有的口感与风味。 美国哥伦比亚大学机器人专家霍德·利普森团队，打印出一块内含7种食材、结构层次复杂的芝士蛋糕。 当人咬上一口时，多样食材在口中交织，带来多重味蕾体验，令人惊艳。 意大利巴吉亚集团旗下的创新食品品牌"巴吉亚艺术"，则专注于研发造型独特、富有艺术感的3D意大 利面与千层面 ...

Core Insights - The latest research from the CMS collaboration at CERN's LHC reveals the quantum properties of tetraquark particles, providing new insights into the nature of strong nuclear force [1][2] Group 1: Quantum Properties of Tetraquarks - The CMS collaboration focused on three tetraquark particles composed of two charm quarks and two anti-charm quarks: X(6600), X(6900), and X(7100) [1] - The team measured three key quantum parameters: spin (intrinsic angular momentum), parity (mirror symmetry), and charge conjugation symmetry (impact of particle-antiparticle interchange) [1][2] - All three tetraquark states were found to have a spin of 2, with both parity and charge conjugation symmetry equal to 1, indicating they are likely tightly bound "tetraquark states" rather than loosely bound hadron pairs [2] Group 2: Implications for Strong Nuclear Force Research - The all-charm quark combination provides a clearer theoretical platform for studying strong nuclear force, one of the four fundamental forces in nature responsible for binding quarks into protons and neutrons [2] - Although the current results do not fully clarify the internal structure of exotic hadrons, they provide critical evidence for the "tetraquark state" model [2] - The ongoing third run of the LHC and the future "High-Luminosity LHC" are expected to generate richer data, potentially revealing how strong nuclear force shapes diverse quark combinations and deepening understanding of the fundamental structure of matter [2]

12月4日的海南省三亚市，光影与思想碰撞交融。这天，恰逢世界电影130周年、中国电影120周年，又 值海南自由贸易港即将封关运作的历史性节点，第七届海南岛国际电影节金椰主论坛——中国电影高质 量发展论坛在此召开。 论坛上，中外影视界大咖、专家学者齐聚一堂，围绕"海南自贸港机遇与电影产业发展新动能"展开深度 对话。而"AI时代中国电影如何破局"成为全场聚焦的核心议题，不同领域的嘉宾从多个维度分享了各自 的观察与实践。 巴黎中国电影节创办主席高醇芳则从文化传播的细节切入，提出了AI应用的另一重思考。她结合自己 翻译160多部中国电影字幕的经验表示，AI翻译在行政法律等规范文本领域可发挥作用，但在电影字幕 翻译上无法完全替代人工。译者需要精准把握电影对话的语气、情感、时代特征等，而AI缺乏情感和 灵魂，翻译结果往往生硬刻板，无法满足高质量传播的需求。她强调，AI在创作中可大放异彩，但在 文化传播的关键环节，仍需重视人工的价值。 大麦娱乐总裁李捷将AI视为突破产业瓶颈的重要工具，同时强调人才的核心作用。他表示，技术终究 要靠人来驾驭，行业破局的根本在于人才，需要培养一批具备国际化审美、先进技术应用能力和工业化 思维的 ...