能量密度指单位体积或质量所能储存的能量，功率密度则指单位体积或质量所能输出的 最大功率。在电池设计中，二者往往难以兼顾，提高能量密度通常导致功率密度下降，反之 亦然。 研究人员将该材料组装成超级电容器，测试结果显示，其能量密度高达99.5瓦小时/升， 功率密度达69.2千瓦/升，同时具备快速充电能力和优异的循环稳定性。这些性能指标在碳 基超级电容器中位居前列，且该制备工艺具备可扩展性。 【责任编辑：王少晨 】 澳大利亚莫纳什大学科学家开发出一种高度弯曲的新型石墨烯结构，兼具高功率和高能 量密度，可用于制造性能优异的超级电容器。这一突破为电气化交通、电网稳定及下一代消 费电子产品奠定了基础。相关成果发表于最新一期《自然·通讯》杂志。 超级电容器是一种以静电方式储存电荷的新型储能装置，其工作原理不同于依赖化学反 应的电池。然而长期以来，该类器件面临一个关键瓶颈问题：碳材料中可用于储存能量的表 面积比例过低。 研究团队发现，只需调整材料的热处理方式，就能显著提高其可利用的表面积。这一进 展使得制造出既能快速充电、又可储存大量能量的超级电容器成为可能，从而使其能在众多 应用中替代电池，并实现更高效的能量传输。 这项突 ...

Core Insights - A recent study by the American Association for the Advancement of Science indicates that precisely selecting the impact location on an asteroid can significantly enhance the effectiveness of defense missions, preventing asteroids from entering areas that could lead to future collisions, thereby ensuring long-term safety [1][2] Group 1: Research Background - The study is based on NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission executed in September 2022, which successfully demonstrated the "kinetic impactor" technique by impacting the satellite Dimorphos orbiting the asteroid Didymos [1] - The DART mission did not pose a new threat to Earth as the massive double asteroid system's orbit was not significantly altered [1] Group 2: Threat Assessment - For certain asteroids that directly orbit the Sun and may pose danger, even minor orbital changes can lead to the phenomenon of passing through gravitational keyholes, which can lock future collision paths [1][2] - Gravitational keyholes are specific regions in space where the gravitational influence of Earth or other planets can disturb an asteroid's orbit, potentially leading to future collisions [1] Group 3: New Technology Development - The research team developed a new technology to create "probability maps" of asteroid surfaces, indicating the likelihood of entering dangerous trajectories from various impact points [2] - This method utilizes data from the DART mission while considering individual differences such as shape, surface terrain, rotation state, and mass of each asteroid [2] Group 4: Analysis and Safety Measures - Ideally, parameters for the analysis can be obtained by sending a probe to rendezvous with the asteroid for high-resolution imaging and data collection; however, not all potential threats provide sufficient warning time for such missions [2] - The team asserts that even ground-based telescope observations can facilitate initial analyses [2] - By calculating subsequent trajectories under different impact scenarios and identifying the most dangerous evolutionary paths, scientists can determine the safest impact locations, ensuring long-term protection for Earth [2]

【总编辑圈点】 团队此次通过让每个原子核与一个独立的电子耦合，再让这两个电子在空间中相互作 用，从而实现原子核之间的远距离通信。此前，原子核就像被关在隔音房间里的个体，虽然 同处一室时对话清晰，但无法与外界沟通。现在，团队相当于给了它们一部"电话"，可与其 他房间进行通话。每个房间依然安静、隔离良好，但交流范围却大大扩展。 实验中，两个原子核相距约20纳米（仅为人头发丝直径的千分之一）。团队解释称，这 听起来微小，但如果将原子核放大到一个人的大小，它们之间的距离相当于悉尼与波士顿之 间的跨度。更重要的是，20纳米正是当前用于制造手机和电脑芯片的现代硅技术标准尺度。 测试中，团队利用日本庆应义塾大学提供的超纯硅晶圆，将磷原子精准植入芯片。 基于原子核自旋的硅量子计算机，正在规模化道路上前进，此次成果扫清了一个最大障 碍，且新方法既稳健又可扩展。目前实验仅使用两个电子，未来可引入更多电子，实现相互 作用的快速、精确开关。 一组国际科学家团队在量子计算领域取得重大突破：首次利用两个原子核的自旋实现 了"量子纠缠态"，让原子核实现了"远距离聊天"。这一纠缠是量子计算机超越传统计算机的 核心资源，显示出利用现有半导体技 ...

这项突破的核心在于一种名为"多尺度还原氧化石墨烯"的新型材料结构。研究团队使用澳大利亚丰富的 天然石墨，通过快速热退火工艺，形成了一种高度弯曲的石墨烯结构，为离子提供了高效迁移的路径， 最终使材料同时具备高功率和高能量密度——这一组合在单一器件中极为罕见。 能量密度指单位体积或质量所能储存的能量，功率密度则指单位体积或质量所能输出的最大功率。在电 池设计中，二者往往难以兼顾，提高能量密度通常导致功率密度下降，反之亦然。 澳大利亚莫纳什大学科学家开发出一种高度弯曲的新型石墨烯结构，兼具高功率和高能量密度，可用于 制造性能优异的超级电容器。这一突破为电气化交通、电网稳定及下一代消费电子产品奠定了基础。相 关成果发表于最新一期《自然·通讯》杂志。 超级电容器是一种以静电方式储存电荷的新型储能装置，其工作原理不同于依赖化学反应的电池。然而 长期以来，该类器件面临一个关键瓶颈问题：碳材料中可用于储存能量的表面积比例过低。 研究团队发现，只需调整材料的热处理方式，就能显著提高其可利用的表面积。这一进展使得制造出既 能快速充电、又可储存大量能量的超级电容器成为可能，从而使其能在众多应用中替代电池，并实现更 高效的能量传输。 ...

该AI系统基于云端物联网架构运行，一旦检测到火情，便会自动生成视频片段，并通过邮件和短信发 送实时警报。这一设计使其可直接利用现有的闭路电视监控系统，无需昂贵硬件升级，有利于推广使 用。 美国纽约大学科学家开发出一款人工智能（AI）系统，能够借助许多建筑中已有的普通安防摄像头， 实时监测火焰与烟雾，显著提升火灾防控能力。相关研究成果发表于新一期《电气电子工程师协会物联 网杂志》。 许多火灾悲剧的发生，是因为传统烟雾报警器未能及时响应。此外，现代建材和开放空间使火势蔓延更 快，建筑倒塌时间也大幅缩短。 这款AI系统可分析视频影像，识别火灾的速度高达每帧0.016秒，比人眨眼还快，这为疏散与应急响应 争取了宝贵时间。与传统烟雾探测器需依赖大量积聚的烟雾且须近距离感应不同，该系统仅通过视频画 面就能在火灾初期发现火情。 研究团队指出，新系统的核心优势在于速度与覆盖范围。摄像头可监控远比传统探测器更广的区域，因 而能在烟雾积聚到触发传统警报之前就发现火灾。 该系统不依赖单一模型，而是融合了多种先进AI算法。这些算法共同判断是否为火灾，大幅降低了误 报率。研究团队还构建了全面的自定义图像数据集用于训练模型，涵盖美国国家 ...

Core Insights - The research from MIT presents a significant advancement in gene editing technology, specifically in reducing the error rate of prime editing, which is crucial for the safety of gene therapies [1][2]. Group 1: Research Findings - The new method developed by the MIT team significantly lowers the error rate of prime editing from an average of 1 error in every 7 edits to 1 error in every 101 edits [1]. - In high-precision mode, the error rate improved from 1 error in every 122 edits to 1 error in every 543 edits [1]. - The research indicates that certain mutated Cas9 enzymes can enhance the stability of the old DNA strand, facilitating the integration of new sequences and reducing errors [2]. Group 2: Technological Development - The newly engineered prime editor, referred to as "vPE," achieves an error rate of approximately 1/60 of the original version, with error rates ranging from 1/101 to 1/543 depending on the mode used [2]. - The experiments validating this new technology have been conducted in both mouse models and human cells, indicating its potential applicability in real-world scenarios [2].

Core Insights - The detection of gravitational waves by LIGO has opened a new era in gravitational wave astronomy, confirming over a hundred events and validating Stephen Hawking's black hole theory [1][2] - Next-generation detectors like CE, ET, and LISA are in development, promising unprecedented scientific breakthroughs [2][3] Next-Generation Detectors - CE, with a 40 km arm length, aims to detect 100,000 black hole merger events annually, covering the entire history of gravitational wave sources [2] - ET, a European initiative, will extend its frequency range to 1 Hz, allowing earlier detection of black hole collisions and larger mass mergers [2] - LISA, a space-based project, will consist of three satellites forming a triangle of 2.5 million km, targeting low-frequency gravitational waves [2] Technological Innovations - Next-generation detectors incorporate advanced technologies to enhance detection capabilities, such as longer arm lengths for improved sensitivity [3] - Techniques like advanced mirror coatings and low-temperature cooling significantly reduce thermal noise, enhancing detection in the mid-frequency range [3] - Quantum squeezing technology and AI systems are being utilized to suppress noise and improve measurement precision [3] Scientific Potential and Challenges - These detectors hold the potential to explore early universe phenomena, test fundamental physics theories, and advance multi-messenger astronomy [4][5] - They will provide insights into black hole formation, neutron star mergers, and cosmic expansion measurements [4] - However, challenges include noise suppression, precision engineering, and significant funding requirements for projects like ET and LISA [6]

Core Insights - A team of international scientists has achieved a significant breakthrough in quantum computing by utilizing the spin of two atomic nuclei to realize "quantum entanglement," enabling long-distance communication between atomic nuclei, which is a core resource for quantum computers to surpass traditional computers [1][2] - This achievement demonstrates the immense potential of using existing semiconductor technology and manufacturing processes to create future quantum chips, marking a critical step towards building large-scale quantum computers [1] Group 1 - The research addresses a fundamental contradiction in quantum computing: the need to protect qubits from external noise while allowing them to interact for computation [1] - The study focuses on a previously considered difficult-to-scale technology path: encoding quantum information using the spin of phosphorus nuclei implanted in silicon chips [1][2] Group 2 - The team achieved long-distance communication between atomic nuclei by coupling each nucleus with an independent electron and allowing these electrons to interact in space, effectively giving the nuclei a "phone" to communicate with each other [2] - The distance between the two atomic nuclei in the experiment was approximately 20 nanometers, which, when scaled up, is comparable to the distance between Sydney and Boston, highlighting the feasibility of this method within current silicon technology standards [2] Group 3 - The results clear a major obstacle for silicon-based quantum computers, which are progressing towards scalability, and the new method is both robust and expandable [2] - The current experiment utilized only two electrons, with future potential to introduce more electrons for rapid and precise switching of interactions [2]

"下一步，我们将支持试验区在更多领域开展先行先试，在推进数据市场化价值化上探索出更多新做 法。"栾婕表示，同时将支持地方因地制宜加强试验探索，打造更多可感可及的应用场景；进一步加强 工作协同，推动互学互鉴，破解痛点难点问题，探索数据价值释放路径。 （文章来源：科技日报） "目前，我省在推动数据要素深度融合并赋能先进制造业发展方面，已经取得了较好成效，呈现点上有 突破、链上有联动、面上有成效三大特点。"湖南省数据局党组成员、副局长周述东说，目前，湖南已 建成3个全球"灯塔工厂"、9家卓越级智能工厂、24个国家智能制造示范工厂，通过数据深度赋能，推动 关键工序数控化率超60%，经营管理数字化普及率达75%。 热带特色高效农业是海南自由贸易港四大主导产业之一。海南省发展改革委党组成员、副主任黄鹏谈 道，海南省着力打造"种业数据一张网"，建成集科研、生产、销售、科技交流、成果转化为一体的国家 南繁生物育种服务平台，汇聚种质资源信息、育种试验数据、表型信息数据等育种科研数据资源。此 外，探索构建全国种业科研数据交易体系，推动种业科研数据价值释放，为种业数据高效使用和流通交 易奠定了良好基础。 18日，国家数据局举行数据 ...

Core Viewpoint - A new type of hydrogen negative ion electrolyte has been developed by a research team from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, leading to the creation of the world's first hydrogen negative ion prototype battery, marking a significant advancement from conceptualization to experimental validation [1][2]. Group 1: Battery Development - The hydrogen negative ion battery operates similarly to lithium-ion batteries, utilizing the movement of ions between electrodes for charging and discharging, but replaces lithium ions with hydrogen negative ions [1]. - The research team employed a "core-shell structure" strategy, using barium hydride to encapsulate cerium trihydride, resulting in an electrolyte with high hydrogen negative ion conductivity, low electronic conductivity, and high stability [1]. Group 2: Performance Metrics - The prototype battery achieved a discharge capacity of 984 milliampere-hours per gram (mAh/g) and maintained a capacity of 402 mAh/g after 20 charge-discharge cycles [2]. - A stacked battery configuration was developed, increasing the voltage to 1.9 volts, successfully powering an LED light, demonstrating the feasibility of the hydrogen negative ion battery for electronic devices [2]. Group 3: Future Applications - The hydrogen negative ion battery represents a new energy storage technology path, with potential applications in large-scale energy storage, hydrogen storage, and mobile power sources [2]. - The research team plans to focus on optimizing the core materials and performance of the hydrogen negative ion battery, aiming to expand its application scenarios and support the development of green energy in China [2].