Core Insights - The "2025 Research Frontier" report indicates that China ranks first in the research frontier heat index in six fields, showcasing its strong research foundation and active exploration in these areas [1][2] - The report evaluates the performance of China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Canada across various research frontiers, with the U.S. maintaining the top position overall [1][2] Group 1: Research Frontier Heat Index - China ranks first in the research frontier heat index in agriculture science, botany and zoology, ecological and environmental science, chemistry and materials science, physics, information science, and economics, psychology, and other social sciences [2] - The U.S. ranks first in five fields, with both countries dominating the highest scores across all fields [2] Group 2: Overall Performance - The U.S. remains the most active country in research, ranking first in half of the research frontiers, while China holds the second position, ranking first in over 40% of the research frontiers [1][2] - China ranks second in earth sciences, biological sciences, and mathematics, and has made significant progress in clinical medicine and astronomy, entering the top five globally [2]

英国朴茨茅斯大学主导的一项全球性评估揭示，过去40年间，山区气候正以超过低地地区的速度发 生变化，这一趋势或将深刻影响依赖山区生态的亿万居民。相关研究成果发表于新一期《自然评论·地 球与环境》杂志。 团队综合分析了全球网格数据，并结合落基山脉、阿尔卑斯山脉、安第斯山脉及青藏高原等地的实 地观测报告，完成了迄今对全球山脉温度、降水与积雪变化最为系统的评估。 数据显示，1980年至2020年间，山区气候呈现加速变化趋势：平均每百年升温0.21℃，升温幅度显 著高于周边低地。伴随气温上升，降雪更多转为降雨，山区积雪量持续减少，降水模式也趋于不稳定。 团队将这一现象称为"海拔依赖性气候变化"，并指出高海拔地区环境变化具有加速特征。山区与北 极环境相似，均面临冰雪快速消融与生态系统剧变，但山区变化的剧烈程度尚未得到充分认知。 山区气候加速变化的影响远超地域限制。全球超过十亿人口依赖高山积雪与冰川获取饮用水资源。 团队以今夏巴基斯坦遭遇的致命季风为例，指出极端山雨已导致逾千人丧生，凸显问题的紧迫性。 ...

第二问：耐药问题影响严重吗？ 近日，有专家表示"流感神药"奥司他韦、玛巴洛沙韦等"已出现耐药情况"。12月2日，这一观点引发关 注，流感病毒相关耐药问题随后登上热搜。不少网友焦虑，耐药是否成为普遍现象？耐药问题影响严重 吗？感染流感病毒后再次感染是不是就意味着耐药了？围绕这些公众的困惑，科技日报记者联系采访了 相关专家。 第一问：耐药情况真的出现了吗？ "结合我院流感病毒监测数据，奥司他韦当前耐药率仍处于较低水平，仅在个别免疫功能低下患者中检 测到病毒株对药物敏感性略有下降。"河北邯郸市人民医院院长、主任药师李楠告诉科技日报记者，"相 较而言，玛巴洛沙韦的耐药问题较为突出，我院接诊的部分使用该药物治疗的患者中，已发现病毒逃逸 突变、药物敏感性降低等现象。" 12月3日，中国疾病控制中心发布的最新一期流感监测周报显示，第48周，国家流感中心对15株甲型 H1N1和14株乙型流感毒株进行神经氨酸酶抑制剂耐药性分析，所有监测流感毒株均对神经氨酸酶抑制 剂敏感。 "流感监测周报中的神经氨酸酶抑制剂，代表药物包括'奥司他韦'，它抑制住病毒表面神经氨酸酶，阻 止病毒颗粒从感染细胞释放扩散。"李楠解释，医院的观测数据与国家 ...

Group 1 - The first domestically produced nine-valent HPV vaccine has been officially launched in Beijing, providing a new and economical option for women aged 9 to 45 in cervical cancer prevention [1] - The vaccine can effectively prevent over 70% of cervical cancer cases and reduce the incidence of other diseases caused by HPV infection [1] - The National Health Commission has included the HPV vaccine in the national immunization program, offering free vaccinations for girls aged 13 who were born after November 10, 2011 [1] Group 2 - The nine-valent HPV vaccine was developed by Xiamen University and Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co., Ltd., taking 18 years to complete [2] - Clinical trials involving over 11,000 healthy volunteers aged 9 to 45 have been conducted since 2019, demonstrating the vaccine's immunogenicity and safety comparable to imported products [2] - The vaccine is priced at 499 yuan per dose, with a total of 3 doses required for women aged 18 to 45, while those aged 9 to 17 only need 2 doses [2]

"这次参会不仅为我们打开了技术视野，更坚定了公司'立足农业实际场景'的创新理念。"12月4日，"智 汇具身创领未来：具身智能技术创新与场景应用对接会"（以下简称"对接会"）在北京举办。会场外， 北京中科原动力科技有限公司品牌经理张光辉向嘉宾们介绍着农业机器人模型，话语间满是自豪。 工业制造、现代农业、养老健康……本次对接会不仅发布了具身智能应用的优秀案例，更吸引十几家企 业携机器人亮相。 "我们希望以对接会为'桥梁纽带'，促成更多务实的合作，共同推动我国具身智能技术实现跨越式发 展。"对接会主办单位科技部新质生产力促进中心主任邢怀滨表示。 前沿技术引领产业变革 具身智能是人工智能（AI）的重要落地方向之一。形象地说，它除了拥有聪明的"大脑"，还拥有真实可 感的"四肢"，能够将感知、行动与认知深度融合。各类人形机器人就是具身智能的典型代表。 "具身智能不仅是技术赛道，更是关乎未来智能化产业格局的变革，是推动新质生产力发展的重要引 擎。"对接会主办单位场景创新杂志社主要负责人说，近年来，具身智能领域创新成果正加速涌现。 为推动成果落地转化，对接会还设置专家点评环节，精准为创新企业"把脉问诊"。"现场专家从技术创 ...

Core Viewpoint - The introduction of the Doubao mobile assistant, developed in collaboration with ZTE, raises concerns about the implications of advanced AI capabilities and system-level permissions in mobile devices [1][2]. Group 1: AI Assistant Functionality - The Doubao mobile assistant can perform tasks such as comparing prices across various food delivery platforms and placing orders with minimal user intervention [1]. - The assistant utilizes advanced permissions, specifically "event injection," allowing for seamless cross-application operations [2]. Group 2: Risks Associated with Permissions - The use of system-level permissions, such as accessibility and event injection, poses significant risks, including boundary-less permission expansion and the potential loss of user control over devices [2]. - There are concerns that malicious entities could exploit these permissions for automated tasks like captcha collection and ticket purchasing, which traditional countermeasures may struggle to detect [2]. Group 3: Authorization and Legal Implications - Doubao emphasizes that user consent is required for the assistant to access event injection permissions, and this is clearly stated in the permissions list [3]. - The legal complexities surrounding AI assistants are highlighted by the Perplexity case, which raises questions about user rights versus platform security and ecosystem integrity [3][4]. Group 4: Need for Regulatory Framework - Experts suggest that AI assistants should be recognized as independent entities, necessitating a distinct data pathway and evaluation system to balance their value and regulatory control [5]. - There is a call for a flexible regulatory approach that allows for post-event adjustments rather than rigid preemptive rules, emphasizing the importance of traceability in AI actions [5].

Core Insights - The launch of the China Drug Price Registration System (China Drug Registration) is seen as a foundational infrastructure to support the development of innovative drugs in China [1][2] - The system allows for the registration of drug prices that reflect real transaction prices across multiple channels, facilitating international price comparisons and addressing the challenges of pricing for innovative drugs going abroad [2][3] Group 1: Drug Pricing and Registration - The China Drug Registration system enables drug companies to self-report prices, which can include both medical insurance discount prices and prices in private hospitals or retail pharmacies, without a unified standard [2][3] - Prior to this system, China had a relatively singular pricing structure primarily based on provincial medical procurement platform prices, which did not adequately reflect the value of original innovative drugs [2][3] - The system provides an official price certificate that can help overcome pricing skepticism when Chinese innovative drugs enter international markets [3][4] Group 2: Impact on Innovation and Market Dynamics - The dual-track pricing system established by the China Drug Registration allows for both market-based pricing and medical insurance pricing, which can stimulate innovation among pharmaceutical companies [4] - By enabling companies to set prices that reflect the clinical value of their innovative drugs, the system allows for higher returns in non-insurance markets, thereby supporting further research and development [4] - The official recognition of drug prices through this system is expected to alleviate concerns from international payers and enhance the competitiveness of Chinese innovative drugs in global markets [4]

（文章来源：科技日报） 12月4日，国产九价HPV疫苗在航天中心医院正式开打，标志着北京市9至45岁女性在宫颈癌预防上拥有 了保护更全面、接种更经济的新选择。这款我国自主研发、全球第二款九价HPV疫苗的投入使用，打破 了进口疫苗长期垄断局面。 ...

在材料制备上，研究团队利用自主研发的超纯金刚石生长与纳米精度定点掺杂技术，成功制备出间 距小至5纳米的氮—空位色心对结构。在探测方法上，研究团队创造性地将一对色心制备成一种特殊的 量子纠缠态。这种状态让它们能"无视"来自远端的相同背景噪声，同时协同聚焦并放大近端目标单自旋 的独特信号。该策略成功解决了信号放大与噪声干扰之间长期存在的矛盾，将探测单个自旋的空间分辨 率提升了1.6倍。 研究人员表示，这项成果不仅通过实验验证了量子纠缠在纳米尺度传感中的优势与潜力，也展示了 金刚石量子传感器能够作为强大的纳米磁强计，为在原子层面研究量子材料打开新窗口，将为凝聚态物 理、量子生物学和化学等领域提供革命性研究工具。 （原载于《科技日报》 2025-12-04 06版） 中国科学技术大学教授王亚等与浙江大学海洋精准感知技术全国重点实验室合作，首次实现噪声环 境下纠缠增强的纳米尺度单自旋探测。相关研究成果日前在线发表于国际期刊《自然》。 自旋是电子的一个基本属性。探测单个自旋，不仅能为理解物性提供全新视角，更可以为发展单分 子磁探测技术和推进量子科技奠定坚实基础。然而，由于物质中含有大量自旋，对单个自旋的探测相当 于在喧闹 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Star Eye" space perception constellation plan aims to provide innovative solutions for space traffic management and establish a new model for space management services [1][2]. Group 1: Industry Context - The current era is marked by unprecedented activity in space, with a rapid increase in global satellite launches and the deployment of large-scale constellations, indicating a new phase of growth in commercial space [1]. - The increasing congestion in orbital space poses significant challenges, including a surge in space debris and heightened collision risks, threatening the sustainable development of the space environment [1]. Group 2: Company Initiative - The "Star Eye" space perception constellation consists of 156 satellites designed to create a global, responsive near-Earth orbit monitoring network [2]. - The company plans to launch 2 experimental satellites in the first half of 2026, followed by 10 engineering satellites in 2027, with additional enhancement and comprehensive satellites to be launched subsequently [2]. - Utilizing the company's independently developed "Observer" space information analysis platform and the space management service platform "Space Cloud," the "Star Eye" will track, orbit, and catalog on-orbit satellites, monitor space debris, analyze satellite orbit data, and predict collision risks, thereby providing precise and efficient space traffic management data services [2].