本报讯 记者马玲报道 1月15日，国家外汇管理局公布了2025年12月银行结售汇和银行代客涉外收付 款数据。数据显示，2025年12月，银行结汇22446亿元人民币，售汇15382亿元人民币。2025年1至12 月，银行累计结汇185227亿元人民币，累计售汇171314亿元人民币。 2025年12月，银行代客涉外收入58197亿元人民币，对外付款50186亿元人民币。2025年1至12月， 银行代客累计涉外收入569405亿元人民币，累计对外付款547906亿元人民币。 按美元计值，2025年12月，银行代客涉外收入8244亿美元，对外付款7109亿美元。2025年1至12 月，银行代客累计涉外收入79725亿美元，累计对外付款76704亿美元。 按美元计值，2025年12月，银行结汇3180亿美元，售汇2179亿美元。2025年1至12月，银行累计结 汇25949亿美元，累计售汇23983亿美元。 责任编辑：袁浩 ...

Core Insights - The People's Bank of China reported that by the end of 2025, the total social financing scale reached 442.12 trillion yuan, marking an 8.3% year-on-year increase [1] - The balance of RMB loans to the real economy was 268.4 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 6.3% [1] - The balance of foreign currency loans to the real economy, converted to RMB, was 1.05 trillion yuan, showing an 18% decline year-on-year [1] Financing Structure - By the end of 2025, RMB loans to the real economy accounted for 60.7% of the total social financing scale, down 1.1 percentage points year-on-year [2] - The proportion of foreign currency loans to the real economy was 0.2%, a decrease of 0.1 percentage points year-on-year [2] - Government bonds represented 21.5% of the total financing structure, an increase of 1.6 percentage points year-on-year [2] Annual Financing Increment - The total increment in social financing for 2025 was 35.6 trillion yuan, which is 3.34 trillion yuan more than the previous year [3] - RMB loans to the real economy increased by 15.91 trillion yuan, which is a decrease of 1.13 trillion yuan compared to the previous year [3] - Government bond net financing reached 13.84 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.54 trillion yuan year-on-year [3] Currency and Deposits - By the end of 2025, the broad money supply (M2) was 340.29 trillion yuan, reflecting an 8.5% year-on-year growth [3] - RMB deposits increased by 26.41 trillion yuan in 2025, with household deposits rising by 14.64 trillion yuan [4] - The total amount of cash injected into the economy in 2025 was 1.31 trillion yuan [3] Interbank Market Activity - The total transaction volume in the interbank RMB market for 2025 was 2180.31 trillion yuan, with an average daily transaction of 8.79 trillion yuan, up 2.1% year-on-year [4] - The weighted average interest rate for interbank borrowing in December 2025 was 1.36%, lower than both the previous month and the same period last year [4] Foreign Exchange Reserves - As of December 2025, the national foreign exchange reserves stood at 3.36 trillion USD, with the RMB exchange rate at 7.0288 yuan per USD [5] - The cross-border RMB settlement amount for the current account in 2025 was 17.86 trillion yuan, with goods trade accounting for 13.72 trillion yuan [5]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has implemented a moderately accommodative monetary policy in 2025, resulting in significant support for the real economy and a notable increase in social financing and loan balances [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Statistics - By the end of 2025, the total social financing stock reached 442.12 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 8.3% [1]. - The balance of RMB loans to the real economy was 268.4 trillion yuan, growing by 6.3% year-on-year [1]. - The broad money supply (M2) increased by 8.5%, significantly outpacing the nominal GDP growth rate [2]. Group 2: Policy Implementation - The PBOC utilized various monetary policy tools to maintain ample liquidity and guide financial institutions to meet the effective financing needs of the real economy [2]. - The issuance of government bonds was accelerated, with a total issuance scale of 16 trillion yuan in 2025, net increasing by 6.6 trillion yuan [3]. - The PBOC's liquidity support through operations like reverse repos has stabilized market expectations and facilitated government bond issuance [3]. Group 3: Financing Structure - In 2025, the incremental social financing was 35.6 trillion yuan, with direct financing accounting for 46.9% of this total, marking a 7.8 percentage point increase compared to the last year of the 13th Five-Year Plan [4]. - The net financing from government bonds was 13.84 trillion yuan, and non-financial corporate bond financing reached 2.39 trillion yuan, reflecting a strong support for private enterprises [4]. - The balance of loans in the "Five Major Financial Articles" reached 107.7 trillion yuan, with significant growth in technology and green loans [6][7]. Group 4: Future Monetary Policy Outlook - The PBOC plans to continue implementing a moderately accommodative monetary policy in 2026, focusing on stabilizing economic growth and ensuring a suitable monetary environment [8]. - There is still room for further reductions in the reserve requirement ratio and interest rates, as the average reserve requirement ratio stands at 6.3% [9]. - The PBOC aims to lower comprehensive financing costs for enterprises by promoting transparency in loan costs and optimizing the financing environment [9].

2026年开年，存款市场迎来重要变化。曾作为银行"揽储利器"的大额存单，利率持续下行，部分中小银 行3个月期产品利率首次跌破1%，正式进入"0 字头"区间。 大额存单短期限产品利率跌破1%，成为近年来首次出现的市场现象。 这一变化，不仅正在改写储户对于"高息存款"的旧有认知，更推动整个理财市场迎来资产配置的重构浪 潮。 根据中国货币网公开信息，今年已有超40家银行发布2026年第一期大额存单发行公告。在"期限"和"利 率"两个方面都有明显不同于往年的变化。 记者登陆部分银行手机银行App看到，在大额存单转让专区，投资者可选择购买其他人正在转出的大额 存单，但并不支持所谓"定向转让"的操作。 市场普遍关注，未来大额存单市场走势如何？ 以往相较于国有大行在利率上有所优势的中小银行，在今年开年的新发产品中，也没有表现出"应有 的"优势。 例如，云南腾冲农商银行、隆阳农商行在1月初发行的期限3个月大额存单，利率均为0.95%。淮北农村 商业银行针对机构发行的3个月期单位大额存单，起存金额高达1000万元，利率也仅1%。 这意味着，从利率上看，大额存单新发行产品利率与普通定期存款差距进一步拉平。存款利率下行趋势 在进入 ...

本报讯 记者马玲报道 为贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，加大对中小微企业的金融支持力度， 中国人民银行决定增加支农支小再贷款额度5000亿元，将支农支小再贷款额度与再贴现额度打通使用。 在支农支小再贷款项下设立民营企业再贷款，额度1万亿元，引导地方法人金融机构进一步聚焦重点， 加力支持民营中小微企业。民营企业再贷款的期限、利率、发放方式等与现行支农支小再贷款一致。 责任编辑：袁浩 ...

本报讯 记者余嘉欣 孙榕报道 1月15日，国家金融监督管理总局召开2026年监管工作会议，深入贯 彻党中央、国务院决策部署，系统总结2025年工作，统筹安排2026年重点任务。金融监管总局党委书 记、局长李云泽出席会议并讲话，总局党委班子成员出席会议。 会议指出，2025年，金融监管总局系统上下紧紧围绕防风险、强监管、促高质量发展工作主线，迎 难而上、真抓实干，牢牢守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线，各项工作取得积极进展。一是坚定不移推 进全面从严治党。严格落实"第一议题"制度。深入学习宣传贯彻党的二十届四中全会精神。从严从实推 进中央巡视整改。扎实开展深入贯彻中央八项规定精神学习教育。二是有力有序防范化解重点风险。中 小金融机构改革化险取得重大进展。城市房地产融资协调机制扩围增效。积极支持融资平台经营性金融 债务接续置换重组。防非打非工作机制实现省市县三级全覆盖。三是强监管严监管氛围逐步形成。金融 监管法制加快健全。严厉惩治违法违规行为。会同公安等部门坚决打击金融领域"黑灰产"。四是综合施 策引领行业改革转型。持续推进保险业"报行合一"和预定利率调整，加力推动银行业提质增效。支持金 融机构多渠道补充资本。五是精 ...

Core Viewpoint - The National Foreign Exchange Administration (NFA) has made significant progress in enhancing the quality and efficiency of foreign exchange services for the real economy, with a focus on supporting stable foreign trade development, deepening cross-border investment and financing reforms, and promoting the construction of free trade pilot zones [2][3]. Group 1: Achievements in Foreign Exchange Management - In the past year, the NFA implemented 28 measures across three comprehensive policy packages, resulting in over $220 billion in facilitated transactions [2]. - The number of banks participating in foreign exchange business reforms increased from 16 at the end of 2024 to 30, covering major banks handling cross-border transactions [2]. - The total cross-border income and expenditure for enterprises and individuals is projected to reach $15.6 trillion in 2025, a nearly 10% increase from 2024 [3]. Group 2: Currency Risk Management - Companies' awareness and capability in managing currency risk have improved, with the scale of using foreign exchange derivatives exceeding $1.9 trillion in 2025, nearly doubling since 2020 [4]. - The foreign exchange hedging ratio for enterprises increased by 8 percentage points to 30% compared to 2020 [4]. Group 3: Future Outlook for Foreign Exchange Market - The foreign exchange market is expected to operate steadily in 2026, with cross-border capital flows remaining orderly and resilient [5]. - The NFA plans to enhance monitoring of cross-border capital flows and improve macro-prudential management to maintain stability in the foreign exchange market [5]. Group 4: Continued Reform and Opening-up - The NFA aims to deepen foreign exchange facilitation reforms and enhance the openness of the foreign exchange sector, supporting win-win cooperation [7][8]. - Policies will be introduced to better support enterprises in going global and developing foreign trade, including the management of cross-border capital operations for multinational companies [8][10]. Group 5: Enhancing Financial Services - The NFA will continue to optimize trade foreign exchange business management and support the development of new trade formats such as cross-border e-commerce [7]. - There will be a focus on promoting digital services and improving the efficiency of foreign exchange management to support high-quality development of the real economy [10].

在1月15日国务院新闻办公室举行的新闻发布会上，中国人民银行新闻发言人、副行长邹澜表示， 根据当前经济金融形势需要，中国人民银行将先行推出两方面政策措施，具体包括八项举措。 "这是贯彻落实中央经济工作会议'灵活高效运用降准降息等多种政策工具'要求的具体举措，也是 货币政策适度宽松的重要体现，具有多方面积极意义。"招联首席研究员董希淼对《金融时报》记者表 示。 发布八项重磅举措 二是将支农支小再贷款与再贴现打通使用，增加额度，并单设民营企业再贷款。合并使用支农支小 再贷款与再贴现额度，增加支农支小再贷款额度5000亿元，总额度中单设一项民营企业再贷款，额度1 万亿元，重点支持中小民营企业。 三是增加科技创新和技术改造再贷款额度并扩大支持范围。将科技创新和技术改造再贷款额度从 8000亿元，增加4000亿元至1.2万亿元，并将研发投入水平较高的民营中小企业等纳入支持领域。 四是合并设立科技创新与民营企业债券风险分担工具。将此前已经设立的民营企业债券融资支持工 具、科技创新债券风险分担工具合并管理，合计提供再贷款额度2000亿元。 五是拓展碳减排支持工具的支持领域。纳入节能改造、绿色升级、能源绿色低碳转型等更多具有 ...

记者：余嘉欣 来源：金融时报客户端 设计：原健凇 策划：赵洋 贾云洁 ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has implemented a moderately accommodative monetary policy in 2025, resulting in significant support for the real economy and a notable increase in social financing and loan balances [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Growth and Policy Coordination - By the end of 2025, the total social financing stock reached 442.12 trillion yuan, growing by 8.3% year-on-year, while the balance of RMB loans to the real economy was 268.4 trillion yuan, up 6.3% [1][2]. - The PBOC utilized various monetary policy tools to maintain ample liquidity, effectively meeting the financing needs of the real economy [2]. - The issuance of government bonds accelerated, contributing significantly to the social financing scale, with a total issuance of 16 trillion yuan in 2025 [3]. Group 2: Financing Structure and Support - The structure of financing has diversified, with local governments issuing 4 trillion yuan in special refinancing bonds, primarily to repay bank loans, impacting loan growth by over 1 percentage point [4]. - In 2025, the net financing from government bonds was 13.84 trillion yuan, and direct financing accounted for 46.9% of the total social financing increment [4]. - Loans to enterprises increased by 15.47 trillion yuan, with significant growth in medium- and long-term loans, indicating strong financial support for the real economy [5]. Group 3: Financial "Five Articles" and Cost Reduction - The balance of loans in the financial "Five Articles" reached 107.7 trillion yuan by the end of November 2025, growing by 12.8% [6]. - The financing costs in the financial "Five Articles" have decreased, with new loan rates for technology and digital economy sectors lower than the previous year [7]. - The PBOC plans to continue promoting low financing costs and optimize the financing environment by enhancing transparency in loan costs [10]. Group 4: Future Monetary Policy Directions - The PBOC aims to maintain a moderately accommodative monetary policy in 2026, focusing on the integrated effects of existing and new policies to support economic stability and high-quality development [8][9]. - There is still room for further reductions in reserve requirements and interest rates, with the current average reserve requirement ratio at 6.3% [9]. - The emphasis will be on improving the efficiency of existing policies rather than simply increasing them, with a focus on directing financial resources towards technology innovation and green development [10].