经济观察报

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WAIC 2025观察:算力竞赛升维,模型寻路落地
经济观察报· 2025-07-28 13:36
Core Insights - The 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC) showcased a shift in focus from pure technical parameters to practical applications and commercial value in AI technology [2][14] - The competition in computing power is evolving into a comprehensive system engineering challenge, addressing performance, compatibility, storage, and energy efficiency [4][10] - AI companies are increasingly integrating their models with real-world applications to unlock new data sources and enhance AI capabilities [15][16] Computing Power Infrastructure - Companies like Huawei and China Digital are pushing the limits of computing power, with Huawei's Atlas 900 A3 SuperPoD achieving a performance of 300 PFLOPS [2][4] - The financial sector is supporting AI infrastructure, with companies like Chip Xin Leasing investing 8 billion yuan in AI-related projects [4] - The demand for private deployment of large models is increasing due to data security concerns, indicating a shift in market needs [5][6] Model and Application Development - AI model developers are focusing on deep integration with industry scenarios to create real business value, moving away from mere technical showcases [14][17] - Companies like Step Leap Star are launching new models aimed at cost reduction and efficiency improvement, collaborating with multiple chip manufacturers to enhance compatibility [17][18] - The importance of data storage and management is highlighted, with companies like Dawning Storage addressing challenges in data accessibility and efficiency [8][9] AI in Creative Industries - AI-generated content (AIGC) is transforming creative processes, with companies like Digital Kingdom introducing platforms that streamline content creation [20][21] - AI is positioned as a "super assistant" for creators, enhancing productivity while allowing them to focus on core creative tasks [21] Consumer-Focused AI Products - New AI products, such as the TicNote AI recording pen, are being developed to serve individual users, encapsulating complex AI capabilities in user-friendly formats [23] - The overarching goal of AI advancements is to contribute to real GDP growth across society, industries, and nations [24]
中国首富们的赌局与饭局
经济观察报· 2025-07-28 09:53
Core Viewpoint - The competition in the instant retail sector is intensifying, with major players like Meituan, Alibaba, and JD.com collectively budgeting over 100 billion yuan, yet the industry has not yet established a clear hierarchy [1][5]. Group 1: Instant Retail Competition - In 2025, a significant meeting between Liu Qiangdong and Wang Xing marked the entry of major companies into the instant retail market, with Alibaba soon following suit [5]. - The instant retail battle has undergone two rounds of regulatory discussions but continues to escalate, impacting shopping centers significantly [5][6]. Group 2: Impact on Shopping Centers - A leading shopping center operator noted a clear impact from the instant retail competition, particularly in the food and beverage sector, which traditionally drives foot traffic [6][7]. - The large subsidies in instant retail primarily benefit food and beverage categories, reducing the need for consumers to dine in shopping centers during hot summer months [7]. Group 3: Changes in Shopping Center Dynamics - Shopping centers have responded to the challenges posed by e-commerce by increasing the area dedicated to dining and experiential offerings, while reducing retail space to about 30% [8]. - The brand turnover rate in mainstream shopping centers is approximately 30%, indicating that brands are frequently replaced every three years [8]. Group 4: Emerging Trends - Two notable trends in shopping centers are that young consumers primarily visit the basement level (B1) and that the first floor is dominated by experiential brands such as trendy toys, electric vehicles, and tea beverage brands [9][10]. - The challenge for shopping centers is to find new brands and business models that can effectively utilize large dining spaces and provide strong experiential value [11].
低佣金在中国:从何处来,到何处去
经济观察报· 2025-07-28 09:53
Core Viewpoint - The intermediary industry creates value for both manufacturers and users, rather than merely increasing costs for users, highlighting the importance of commissions in the modern economy [1][18][19]. Industry Overview - The intermediary industry is becoming a unique window to observe China's economic transformation amidst the restructuring of the global economic landscape and deep changes in the domestic consumption market [2]. - Compared to developed countries like the US and Europe, China's intermediary industry has significantly lower commission rates [3][5]. Commission Rate Comparison - In China, real estate agency commission rates typically range from 0.5% to 2.7%, while in developed countries, rates can reach 5% to 6% [4]. - For payment processing, China's debit card transaction fees are around 0.35%, with a maximum charge of 13 yuan per transaction, while credit card fees are about 0.45%. In contrast, fees in developed markets like the US can exceed 1.5% to 3% [4]. Market Dynamics - Despite lower commission rates in China, there are frequent complaints from businesses about high intermediary fees, leading to government interventions to lower rates [5][20]. - The low commission structure in China is influenced by intense market competition, government-imposed price ceilings, a large price-sensitive consumer base, and relatively low labor costs [20]. OTA Industry Analysis - In the OTA sector, foreign giants like Booking and Expedia charge commission rates of 12% to 15%, while China's Ctrip has a rate of approximately 4.4% [8]. - The low commission rates in China do not correlate with the declining revenues of the hotel industry, which are attributed to significant changes in supply and demand dynamics rather than high OTA fees [11][14]. Performance Metrics - Key performance indicators in the hotel industry include RevPAR (Revenue per Available Room) and ADR (Average Daily Rate), both of which have seen declines due to increased hotel supply outpacing demand [12][13]. Future Outlook - The future of the intermediary industry hinges on balancing innovation and low commission rates, with a focus on improving overall efficiency and competitiveness through technological advancements and service upgrades [25]. - The ongoing low-commission strategy may lead to adverse effects on the industry, including price wars and reduced profit margins, necessitating a reevaluation of business models [24].
台湾民意向大罢免说不,就是向“台独”说不
经济观察报· 2025-07-28 09:53
日本人观察此次台湾大罢免,集中在"抗中保台"牌是否失 效、"台独"能否行得通方面。罢免前两天的7月24日,日本知 名台湾政治研究学者小笠原欣幸通过社交媒体发文,指出"若 罢免派未能改变朝野席次结构,民进党所主张的'抗中保台'主 张将因此遭受严重冲击"。 作者:王义伟 封图:本报资料库 7月26日,备受瞩目的台湾大罢免以民进党当局的彻底失败告终。台湾选民用选票告诉民进党当 局,他们不同意罢免国民党籍的24位"立委",也不同意罢免民众党籍的新竹市长高虹安。 在笔者看来,这个投票结果更深层次的含义是, 台湾的主流民意向"台独"说不。 因为,民进党当局及其侧翼力量此次发动大罢免,举得最高、举得最多的一面旗帜,喊得最响、喊 得声嘶力竭的口号,就是"抗中保台"。所谓的"抗中保台",就是"台独"。 台湾民意向大罢免说不,就是向"抗中保台"说不,就是向"台独"说不。 所以, 大罢免大失败之后,绿营最担心的就是,"抗中保台"这面旗帜,还能打多久?或者说,"台 独"这条路,还能走多远,还能走下去吗? 7月28日,绿营最大的报纸《自由时报》发表社论,忧心忡忡地表示罢免的失败"似乎"向国际社会 和大陆释放了一个信息,台湾人"似乎"没 ...
第二个华为鸿蒙智行来了?探访“OPPO智行”版MG4首批店
经济观察报· 2025-07-28 09:53
Core Viewpoint - The collaboration between SAIC's MG brand and OPPO aims to leverage each other's strengths, with MG focusing on vehicle sales and OPPO providing technological integration through its "OPPO Smart Driving" system [3][10][16]. Group 1: Product Launch and Marketing Strategy - The new MG4 is the first vehicle to utilize OPPO's "OPPO Smart Driving" system, which integrates mobile technology into the car [3][7]. - MG has opened its first seven pop-up stores, with plans to expand to over 60 cities by August, targeting both first and second-tier markets [5][6]. - The pop-up stores prominently feature OPPO branding and products, indicating a strong marketing partnership [3][6]. Group 2: Operational Dynamics - The pop-up stores are operated independently by MG staff, emphasizing MG's control over the customer experience while utilizing OPPO's technology [6][9]. - The collaboration allows MG to attract a younger demographic, particularly female consumers, by showcasing the MG4 in a modern retail environment [8][10]. Group 3: Market Context and Challenges - MG's domestic sales have been underwhelming, with retail volumes between 7,000 and 10,000 units from January to June, necessitating a shift towards electric vehicles [11][12]. - OPPO faces its own challenges in the smartphone market, with a 9% decline in shipments in Q1 2025, prompting the need for new growth avenues [12][13]. Group 4: Future Prospects and Strategic Goals - The partnership is seen as a starting point for broader collaboration, with plans to integrate OPPO's technology across various SAIC brands and products [16]. - Both companies aim to create a symbiotic relationship where MG benefits from OPPO's technological expertise and customer base, while OPPO gains access to automotive markets [10][14].
WAIC直击:中国具身智能集体“找工作”
经济观察报· 2025-07-27 13:28
Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the emergence of humanoid robots as they actively demonstrate their capabilities in various roles, marking a significant shift towards their integration into human jobs, particularly in service and industrial sectors [1][3]. Group 1: Humanoid Robots in Service Roles - Humanoid robots are increasingly being showcased as capable of performing service roles, with "waiter" being a common and competitive position [5][6]. - At the WAIC, over 150 humanoid robots were displayed, setting a record for the largest showcase in China [2]. - Robots like "Aibao" from Zhifang are capable of executing complex tasks such as making coffee and ice cream, demonstrating advanced task understanding and execution [6][9]. - "XMAN-R1" from Qinglang is designed to simulate professional bartending, showcasing its ability to mix drinks with precision [6]. - "Xialan," a humanoid robot from Digital Huaxia, engages in emotional interactions with audiences, indicating a shift towards robots that can connect on a personal level [8][9]. Group 2: Robots in Industrial Applications - Robots are also being tested in industrial settings, where their capabilities in dynamic environments are crucial [11][12]. - The robot fighting competition at the WAIC illustrates the advanced motion control and adaptability required for robots to operate in unstructured environments [11][12]. - Industrial robots like "Galbot" and "Aibao" are capable of performing tasks such as sorting and transporting items, showcasing their operational stability and adaptability [13][14]. - The integration of VLA (Vision-Language-Action) models enhances robots' end-to-end capabilities, allowing them to process sensory information and execute actions efficiently [14]. Group 3: Industry Growth and Future Prospects - The intelligent robot industry is experiencing rapid growth, with an estimated average increase of 50% to 100% in the first half of the year [15]. - The market is seeing a continuous release of new robots, indicating a fast-paced development and deployment cycle [15]. - Despite the current excitement around humanoid robots, the industry is still in its early stages, suggesting potential for further advancements and applications [15].
在WAIC 2025看到AI的明天:六个变化,正在发生
经济观察报· 2025-07-27 12:06
Core Viewpoint - The WAIC 2025 highlights the evolution of AI from a tool to a partner, emphasizing the need for a new coexistence relationship as AI becomes more human-like and capable [2][45]. Group 1: Trends Observed at WAIC 2025 - The event showcased six major trends in AI development, including the emergence of collaborative robots, AI as a personal efficiency partner, and the evolution of AI agents from chat tools to task executors [2][4][30]. - The exhibition featured over 800 companies and 3000 exhibits, indicating a clear path for AI development in the post-large model era [2]. Group 2: Embodied Intelligence - Embodied intelligence is transitioning from a display phase to practical applications, with robots capable of executing tasks in real-world scenarios, such as product retrieval and sorting [4][5]. - Companies like Beijing Galaxy General and Shanghai Zhiyuan are leading in this space, showcasing robots that can interact and perform complex actions autonomously [4][5]. Group 3: AI as a Personal Efficiency Partner - Major companies like Huawei, Alibaba, and Baidu are demonstrating how AI can enhance personal capabilities, with Huawei's Ascend 384 super node significantly improving data transmission efficiency [9][10][16]. - Alibaba's Quark AI glasses represent a new form of human-computer interaction, integrating navigation and payment functionalities [12][16]. - Baidu's "Miao Da" platform allows non-technical users to create applications easily, showcasing AI's potential to democratize technology [13][15]. Group 4: Evolution of AI Agents - AI agents are evolving from simple chat tools to sophisticated task executors, with platforms like Baidu's NOVA enabling digital assistants to perform complex tasks in real-time [18][20]. - The MiniMax Agent demonstrates capabilities in understanding requirements and executing tasks across various applications, indicating a shift towards more functional AI systems [20][24]. Group 5: Startup Landscape - The "AI Six Dragons" have shown a diversification in strategies, with companies like Jiyue Xingchen and MiniMax presenting clear product strategies and technical capabilities [23][24]. - New entrants like Flowith are gaining attention for their innovative approaches to AI interaction, focusing on non-linear thinking and collaborative problem-solving [41][44]. Group 6: Human-Centric AI - AI is increasingly being designed to connect with human emotions and enhance work efficiency, as seen in products from companies like SenseTime and Kingsoft [30][32][33]. - The shift from AI as a mere tool to a more human-like partner is evident, with products designed to engage emotionally and assist in complex tasks [36][38]. Group 7: Emerging AI Stars - New startups like Flowith are emerging as significant players in the AI interaction space, focusing on innovative user experiences and rapid product development [41][44].
27.5亿美元海外大单之后,eVTOL继续“探路”
经济观察报· 2025-07-27 10:46
一张张尚待规划的航路网、一套套仍在摸索的运营法规、一次 次需要与多方面协调的空域申请——这些或许才是行业"真正 的烦恼",也是整个行业从"能飞"走向"常飞"必须跨越的关 口。 作者: 郑晨烨 封图:图虫创意 7月23日至26日,2025国际低空经济博览会在国家会展中心(上海)举行。"(拿齐三证)只是 拿到了'准生证',真正的万里长征、真正的烦恼,才刚刚开始。"在展会现场,全球首家"三证齐 全"的载人eVTOL(电动垂直起降飞行器)企业——亿航智能(NASDAQ:EH)的一位工作人员, 在记者以采购商身份问询时如是坦言。 但实际上,这种"保守"的态度并非源于市场遇冷,恰恰相反,近日中国eVTOL企业接连斩获两笔 海外巨额订单:博览会开幕首日,沃兰特航空便与一家美国企业签下了一笔17.5亿美元的订单, 创下了中国乃至全球eVTOL领域的公开采购纪录;往前追溯一周,时的科技也宣布获得来自阿联 酋的10亿美元订单。 尽管海外大单频现,但行业烦恼依然不少。记者从博览会现场了解到,当下的eVTOL行业,正从 聚焦"造飞机"的单一技术攻坚,转向破解"让飞机持续、合规、盈利地飞行"的系统性难题。一张 张尚待规划的航路网、一套 ...
特斯拉推“中国特供”Model Y L,大六座SUV市场将变天?
经济观察报· 2025-07-27 04:41
Core Viewpoint - Tesla's reliance on a "blockbuster growth model" is being tested due to ongoing performance declines, prompting the company to adapt its strategy in its largest single market, China [2][4]. Financial Performance - In Q2 2025, Tesla reported revenue of $22.5 billion, a 12% year-over-year decrease, and a net profit of $1.17 billion, down 16% year-over-year [2][6]. - Tesla's vehicle deliveries in Q2 2025 were 384,100 units, a 13.5% decline year-over-year, marking the second consecutive quarter of year-over-year delivery declines [5][6]. - In the first half of 2025, Tesla delivered 720,800 vehicles, down 13.3% year-over-year, with Q2 deliveries in China contributing 129,000 units, accounting for 34% of global sales [7][8]. Market Strategy - Tesla is launching the Model Y L, a long-wheelbase luxury SUV specifically designed for the Chinese market, which is expected to be priced at 400,000 yuan [2][5]. - The Model Y L features significant size increases compared to the standard Model Y, with a length increase of 179mm, height increase of 44mm, and a wheelbase increase of 150mm [2][5]. - The introduction of the Model Y L is seen as a response to the competitive landscape in the large six-seat SUV segment, which has been rapidly growing with a compound annual growth rate exceeding 40% from 2021 to 2024 [7][8]. Competitive Landscape - The large six-seat SUV market is currently dominated by local brands such as Li Auto and Aito, which have established strong product definitions and pricing strategies [10][12]. - Tesla's entry into this segment may disrupt the existing market dynamics, as local competitors have been well-positioned with their offerings [11][12]. - Analysts suggest that Tesla's brand strength may not be sufficient to guarantee success in this new segment, as consumer preferences are increasingly focused on functionality and comfort [10][13].
谁在“挖走”公募明星基金经理?
经济观察报· 2025-07-27 04:41
纵观近年来公募行业的人才流动,尤其是绩优基金经理的离任 频率,通常都和市场牛熊周期存在一定关联,市场上涨行情往 往伴随着基金经理"奔私潮"的涌现。 作者: 陈姗 封图:图虫创意 2025年的公募基金行业,正经历着一场深刻的人才流动变局——知名基金经理相继离职,"公奔 私"浪潮再现。 据不完全统计,今年以来,张翼飞、鲍无可、周海栋、张宇帆、王士聪、王鹏等多位绩优公募基金 经理"清仓式"卸任,曹名长、于洋、周克平等知名基金经理离任一度引发市场热议。从目前市场 层面的消息来看,多位基金经理的去向均为私募。 近年来,随着基金投资者偏好转变、公募行业掀起薪酬改革与费率改革等原因,公募基金经理队伍 流动加剧。管理规模较大的明星基金经理作为投资业务的中流砥柱,其离任往往影响较大。当行业 里不少绩优基金经理官宣离开,市场不禁要问:今年以来公募名将为何频频"出走"?此轮"公奔 私"浪潮呈现何种特点?公募行业又应当如何应对人才"挖角"挑战? "奔私"潮再现 排排网财富研究部副总监刘有华向经济观察报表示,基金经理"公奔私"原因主要来自几个方面: 其一,私募的激励机制更具吸引力,相较于公募基金相对固定的薪酬体系,私募机构采用的高比例 ...