（原标题：教育部：工程教育占到我国高等教育人才培养规模的1/3） 经济观察网 据教育部网站，12月10日，教育部召开新闻发布会，介绍卓越工程师培养改革情况，解读 《卓越工程师教育认证标准》。 会上，教育部学位管理与研究生教育司司长吴刚介绍，工程教育占到我国高等教育人才培养规模的 1/3。卓越工程师培养改革作为深化科教融汇、产教融合的战略支点，是推进学科专业设置调整优化的 重要引擎。 三是树立新的评价标准。教育评价事关教育发展方向。卓越工程师培养改革通过"以实践成果替代传统 学位论文"这一制度性突破，树立了产教融合导向的新评价标准。依据《中华人民共和国学位法》，首 批工程硕士毕业生有60多名以实践成果获得学位，相信这一"小切口"改革能够成为撬动整个学科专业体 系分类发展、分类评价的"大杠杆"，进一步推动教育链、人才链、产业链、创新链的深度融合。 吴刚介绍，卓越工程师培养改革实施三年来，有组织、体系化、成建制推动产教深度融合，引领带动了 我国学科专业的加快调整优化。主要是三个方面。 一是突出服务国家战略的导向。卓越工程师培养改革的领域布局集中在集成电路、人工智能等18个关键 领域，具有鲜明的国家战略导向。我们首次 ...

一批高校密集宣布成立新学院。 随着优质本科扩招、研究生扩招及高校院系学科专业调整，一批著名高校开始建设、启用新校区。 南京江北新区管委会近日发布《南京航空航天大学江北新区国际校区规划设计方案批前公示》。根据 《公示》,该校区占地面积约26.59万平方米。这意味着南京航空航天大学将在南京江北新添一个校区。 此外，多所在苏"双一流"高校宣布"扩容"。例如，11月初，东南大学异地建设新校区的消息尘埃落定； 根据南通市教育局官网发布的《关于建设东南大学南通校区事项社会稳定风险评估的公示》，东南大学 与南通市政府拟合作共建东南大学南通校区。 11月27日，国家发展和改革委员会举行11月份新闻发布会。国家发改委政策研究室副主任、新闻发言人 李超表示，去年以来，国家发展改革委会同有关部门和各地方，突出国家重大战略实施和重点领域安全 能力建设性质要求，坚持自上而下、注重软硬结合，推动"两重"建设取得阶段性进展。在社会民生方 面，支持人口流入重点城市新建和改扩建高中664所，新增普通高中学位超过100万个。推动超过30 个"双一流"高校新校区进入大规模建设阶段，加快补齐高校学生宿舍等短板，改善基本办学条件。 《中共中央关于制定 ...

Group 1: International Science Organizations - The meeting emphasized the importance of attracting more international science organizations to Beijing to enhance the city's role in global technological innovation [1] - It highlighted the need for a dual approach of attracting and nurturing leading enterprises and institutions to establish international science organizations [1] - The development of a first-class environment and the construction of headquarters clusters for international science organizations were underscored [1] Group 2: High-Level Scientific Journals - The meeting stressed the significance of scientific journals as platforms for showcasing and disseminating research results [2] - It called for the establishment of more high-level scientific journals in Beijing, focusing on strategic and emerging fields [2] - The need for improved publishing platforms and a better ecosystem for scientific journal development was highlighted [2] Group 3: Academic Discipline Optimization - The meeting pointed out that academic disciplines are crucial to modern higher education systems and should align with technological development and national strategic needs [2] - It advocated for the adjustment of academic disciplines to meet urgent industry demands, particularly in artificial intelligence and emerging industries [2] - The importance of interdisciplinary integration and innovative training models was emphasized to cultivate high-quality, versatile talents [2] Group 4: Excellence in Engineering Education - The meeting identified the need to build a world-class training system for outstanding engineers, focusing on national strategic directions [3] - It emphasized the integration of education and industry, promoting collaboration between schools and enterprises [3] - The establishment of new city-level industry-education integration bases in key fields like AI and biomedicine was discussed [3] Group 5: Postdoctoral Incentive Program - The meeting recognized the postdoctoral incentive program as a key initiative for building a high-level talent hub [3] - It called for enhanced collaboration between central and local governments to improve postdoctoral station construction [3] - The need for dynamic evaluation and policy measures to support postdoctoral work in Beijing was highlighted [3]

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of aligning talent cultivation with the needs of the economy and society, highlighting recent government policies aimed at improving this alignment [1][2][3] - A national big data platform for talent supply and demand has been initiated by the Ministry of Education, which has gathered 4.07 billion data entries to enhance the precision of talent supply and demand matching [1] - The "Action Plan for Adjusting and Optimizing Higher Education Disciplines and Majors (2025-2027)" has been issued to optimize academic disciplines in response to national strategic needs, focusing on urgent disciplines and optimizing existing ones [2] Group 2 - The article discusses the need for dynamic monitoring of talent cultivation to anticipate changes in supply and demand, including the development of analysis reports at various levels [2][3] - It highlights the importance of tracking employment status and linking it with enrollment plans and talent cultivation, encouraging collaboration between local governments and enterprises to provide personalized employment guidance [3] - The Ministry of Education plans to implement comprehensive reforms in the talent cultivation supply-demand matching mechanism to support the optimization of academic disciplines and talent training models driven by technological development and national strategic needs [3]

Core Viewpoint - The Jiangsu Provincial Education Department has announced a plan to optimize and adjust the discipline and major settings in higher education institutions, aiming for significant improvements by 2027 and full coverage by 2030 to support economic and social development [1][2]. Group 1: Implementation Actions - The plan includes four main actions: rapid layout of urgently needed disciplines, enhancement of discipline classification development, updating talent cultivation models, and deepening reform of discipline development mechanisms [2]. - A list of urgently needed disciplines will be published, and a mechanism for their extraordinary setup will be established to align with local industry needs [2]. - The plan aims to create a multi-dimensional evaluation system for disciplines and establish a warning and exit mechanism for underperforming programs [2]. Group 2: Industry Alignment - Jiangsu universities will focus on aligning academic disciplines with national strategic needs and local industrial innovation, particularly in fields like integrated circuits and low-altitude technology [3]. - Nanjing University is actively expanding its degree offerings in emerging interdisciplinary fields and establishing research centers to support innovation [3][4]. - Suzhou University has added six urgently needed majors in artificial intelligence over the past five years and is implementing a plan to create interdisciplinary innovation centers [4]. Group 3: Vocational Education - The plan also addresses vocational colleges, emphasizing the need for coordinated development across graduate, undergraduate, and vocational programs [5]. - Yangzhou Industrial Vocational Technical College has introduced 12 new majors in response to industry needs while discontinuing eight others, focusing on creating a responsive professional system [5].

Core Points - The Jiangsu Provincial Education Department has launched an implementation plan for optimizing the adjustment of academic disciplines and majors in higher education institutions, aiming to align with national and regional economic needs by 2027 [1][2] - The plan includes a target that over 85% of newly added academic programs will be in urgent need fields, with more than 60% in science, engineering, agriculture, and medicine [1][2] - By 2030, the academic discipline layout is expected to be fully optimized to cover 100% of the disciplines required by Jiangsu's "1650" industrial system, supporting the development of a strong economy, education, and talent [1][2] Action Plans - Four key actions will be implemented: 1. Rapid layout of urgently needed academic disciplines, including the publication of a list of urgent disciplines and mechanisms for their establishment [2] 2. Excellence enhancement in discipline classification development, launching various plans for top disciplines, foundational disciplines, emerging disciplines, and cultural heritage disciplines [2] 3. Updating talent cultivation models for academic disciplines, establishing specialized colleges focused on future technology and industry needs [2] 4. Deepening reform mechanisms for academic discipline development, including innovative talent cultivation systems and multi-dimensional evaluation mechanisms [2] Institutional Responses - Nanjing University is focusing on adding new degree programs in emerging interdisciplinary fields and establishing research institutes to enhance its academic offerings [3] - Suzhou University has introduced six urgent programs in artificial intelligence over the past five years and is implementing a plan to create interdisciplinary innovation centers [3] - The plan also addresses vocational colleges, emphasizing the need for a coordinated development mechanism across different educational levels and the establishment of urgently needed programs [4]

Core Viewpoint - Jiangsu Province is implementing a comprehensive reform of higher education discipline and major structures to align with national and regional development strategies, aiming to enhance the quality of talent cultivation [3][4]. Group 1: Reform Background - The adjustment and optimization of disciplines and majors are essential to serve national strategies, respond to industrial innovation, and promote high-quality development in higher education [4]. - Jiangsu has rich educational resources and a strong industrial foundation, but faces issues such as misalignment between professional settings and industrial needs, prominent homogenization, and lagging interdisciplinary construction [4]. Group 2: Main Goals and Key Actions - By 2027, over 85% of newly added majors in Jiangsu's universities will belong to urgently needed fields, with a target of 60% for degrees in science, engineering, agriculture, and medicine [5]. - By 2030, the goal is to achieve full coverage of disciplines related to Jiangsu's "1650" modern industrial system, establishing a robust academic framework to support a strong educational, technological, and talent province [5]. - Four key actions will be prioritized: 1. Urgent discipline layout action, establishing a dual empowerment mechanism between industry demand and academic supply [5]. 2. Excellence enhancement action for discipline classification, focusing on top disciplines, foundational disciplines, emerging interdisciplinary fields, and cultural heritage disciplines [6]. 3. Talent cultivation model update action, promoting the establishment of specialized colleges and an honors education system [6]. 4. Deepening reform of discipline and major development mechanisms, innovating collaborative and project-based training models [6]. Group 3: Support Measures and Next Steps - Jiangsu will strengthen the leadership of the Provincial Education Work Leading Group, enhance departmental collaboration, and ensure policy support while holding universities accountable [7]. - The next steps include phased implementation of reform pilots, strengthening process management, and ensuring smooth execution of reforms [7].

Core Viewpoint - A new round of adjustments and optimizations in higher education discipline and major settings has been initiated, aiming to align with technological advancements and national strategic needs [1][5]. Group 1: Recent Developments - The Ministry of Education has reported that in the past two years, 3,715 new undergraduate programs were established, while 6,638 were canceled or suspended [2][5]. - The plan includes optimizing about 20% of higher education disciplines by 2025, with a focus on new technologies and industries [1][2]. Group 2: Specific Actions and Mechanisms - The action plan outlines six major mechanisms, including coordination, supply-demand matching, and evaluation systems, alongside six major actions such as urgent discipline layout and foundational discipline enhancement [5][6]. - The urgent discipline layout action has gained attention, with several top universities applying to establish new programs in low-altitude technology and engineering [6][7]. Group 3: Regional Progress - Hunan Province plans to cancel 349 undergraduate programs and add 86, achieving an adjustment ratio of 20.6%, exceeding national requirements [3][4]. - By 2027, Hunan aims to adjust approximately 50% of its discipline settings [4]. Group 4: Innovative Educational Models - Fudan University is developing a new talent cultivation model that emphasizes project-based learning and interdisciplinary integration, moving away from traditional discipline-based education [8][9]. - The university has initiated various dual-degree programs to foster high-level interdisciplinary talents [9].

Core Viewpoint - The "Action Plan for the Adjustment and Optimization of Higher Education Disciplines and Majors (2025-2027)" emphasizes the need for a systematic approach to optimize academic disciplines and majors in higher education, aligning them with national strategic needs and technological development [1][2]. Group 1: Optimization of Academic Disciplines - The recent "Action Plan" continues to enhance the optimization of academic disciplines in ordinary higher education, expanding this optimization to vocational higher education [2]. - It proposes an innovative directory management mechanism to shorten adjustment cycles and strengthen the coordination among graduate, undergraduate, and vocational disciplines [2][3]. Group 2: Support for Fundamental Disciplines - The plan calls for increased support for fundamental disciplines, particularly through the "Strong Foundation Program," which aims to expand enrollment and explore new talent cultivation models [3]. - There is a need to change the perception of fundamental disciplines as "less popular" and to enhance employment opportunities for graduates in these fields [3]. Group 3: Differentiated Development Mechanism - The plan suggests a differentiated development mechanism to promote the construction of fundamental, applied, and strategic disciplines, allowing institutions to optimize their academic offerings based on their specific educational positioning [3]. - It emphasizes the importance of maintaining institutional autonomy and reforming educational evaluations to support differentiated and characteristic education [3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is the implementation of the "Higher Education Discipline and Major Adjustment and Optimization Action Plan (2025-2027)" by the Central Education Work Leading Group, aimed at optimizing the discipline and major settings in higher education to meet national strategic needs and technological development [1][2] Group 2 - The plan includes actions such as the rapid layout of urgently needed disciplines targeting strategic emerging industries and future industries, and enhancing support for basic disciplines in the cultivation of first-class disciplines [1] - New emerging disciplines such as artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, digital economy, financial technology, biological breeding, aviation engine manufacturing technology, and intelligent operation and maintenance of rail vehicles have been established [2] - The plan emphasizes the establishment of a national talent supply and demand data platform to integrate and share data resources from various departments and human resources service agencies, with functionalities including dynamic supply-demand data analysis and talent demand forecasting [2]