贸易保护主义
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中欧谈判刚传喜报,欧盟又启动了B计划,混动汽车遭35.3%关税威胁
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-01-22 05:45
就在中欧电动汽车关税谈判迎来喜讯几天后,欧盟又悄悄准备了一个新的B计划,直指中国的混合动力汽车。欧盟工业战略专员塞茹尔内透露,欧盟正考虑 对中国混合动力汽车征收额外关税,税率可能高达35.3%。据了解,去年中国混合动力汽车对欧盟的出口量大幅增加,欧盟此举显然是为了将这一类中国汽 车排挤出欧洲市场。 欧盟的这一策略,实际上与之前针对电动汽车关税的立场如出一辙。简言之,就是由于自身实力不足,竞争力难以匹敌,便通过加征 关税、设置障碍的方式,试图压制中国企业的崛起。要说得更直白一点,这种行为显然是源于对中国发展势头的忌惮,而采取的排斥手段。 坦白说,中欧之间的和平与合作是来之不易的。今天,能够坐下来心平气和地讨论关税和合作,背后付出了巨大的努力。眼看美欧关系面临崩盘的边缘,中 欧合作的前景逐渐光明,越来越多的欧洲领导人也开始密切关注与中国的合作,像英国首相斯塔默和德国总理默茨等人,都在积极筹划访问中国的事宜。 然而,欧盟在此时提出新的关税政策,其实不过是换汤不换药的贸易保护主义策略,最终将注定以失败告终。更重要的是,这一举动恰恰暴露了欧盟的内在 矛盾。一方面,德国、法国等国的汽车企业对中国市场有着强烈的依赖,绿色转 ...
欧盟“高风险供应商”政策升级,华为霸气回怼:损人不利己
Jing Ji Guan Cha Wang· 2026-01-22 03:41
Core Viewpoint - The European Commission has escalated its stance against "high-risk suppliers," effectively banning member states from procuring products from Chinese high-tech companies, which politicizes economic issues and severely hinders technological exchange and economic development [2][4]. Group 1: Legislative Changes - The EU has released a draft revision of the EU Cybersecurity Law, aiming to phase out components and equipment from "high-risk suppliers" across 18 critical sectors, including 5G communication, semiconductors, and medical devices [2][3]. - The draft mandates that telecom operators in EU countries replace equipment from identified high-risk suppliers within three years, marking a shift from voluntary to mandatory compliance for all member states [3][4]. Group 2: Targeted Companies - Although the draft does not explicitly name any countries or companies, it is widely interpreted as targeting Chinese firms, particularly Huawei, which has a significant market share in the affected sectors [3][4]. - Huawei has responded by stating that the legislative proposal violates fundamental legal principles of fairness and non-discrimination, and it plans to monitor the legislative process closely [2][5]. Group 3: Political Context - The EU's move reflects a broader trend influenced by the U.S., which has been pressuring European allies to adopt similar restrictions on Chinese technology firms since 2022 [4][6]. - The shift from a risk management approach to a systematic exclusion of Chinese technology indicates a clear trend towards "decoupling" from China in technology policy [4][5]. Group 4: Industry Reactions - The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs has expressed serious concerns over the EU's actions, urging the EU to avoid protectionism and warning that such measures could harm the EU's market openness and investment confidence [5][6]. - The EU-China Chamber of Commerce has also voiced strong opposition to the proposed mandatory exclusion measures, arguing that they could disrupt normal market operations and negatively impact Europe's digital development and industrial competitiveness [5][6].
出行观丨欧盟正在打一场保护主义下的产业升级算盘
Guan Cha Zhe Wang· 2026-01-22 01:47
Core Viewpoint - The European Commission has introduced a comprehensive cybersecurity legislative proposal, deemed the "strictest ever," mandating EU member states to remove Huawei and ZTE from their mobile networks within three years of the law's enactment, indicating a shift from recommendations to mandatory actions in telecommunications security [1][4]. Group 1: Legislative Impact - The new proposal extends beyond telecommunications, potentially restricting companies from 18 sensitive sectors, including connected vehicles, power and water supply systems, cloud computing, medical devices, drones, aerospace, and semiconductors, if a country is deemed a cybersecurity threat [4]. - Huawei has responded to the proposal, arguing that it violates fundamental legal principles of fairness and non-discrimination by targeting non-EU suppliers based on country of origin rather than factual evidence and technical standards [4]. Group 2: Industry Implications - The legislative changes could significantly impact the automotive sector, particularly in the context of smart connected vehicles, as the freedom of choice in technology solutions may be replaced by security reviews, potentially barring Chinese companies from participating in critical components [5][7]. - The proposal could lead to systemic marginalization of Chinese technology standards in Europe, affecting the supply chain structure and increasing costs for European manufacturers who may have to opt for less mature and more expensive alternatives [7][11]. Group 3: Economic Considerations - The estimated cost of fully excluding Chinese equipment from 5G construction in Europe could reach approximately €550 billion (about ¥4.48 trillion), with the overall cost of transforming the telecommunications network projected at €2 trillion (about ¥16 trillion) [14][16]. - The financial burden of these changes may ultimately be passed on to consumers, raising product prices and complicating the market landscape for European companies [14][19]. Group 4: Strategic Objectives - The EU's move appears to be a strategic choice aimed at reshaping its technological landscape and reducing dependency on Chinese technology, pushing for local development of software and algorithms [11][13]. - This approach may lead to increased R&D costs for multinational companies, as they will need to maintain dual technology stacks to comply with different regulatory environments, further complicating the market dynamics [14][18].
马克龙“有条件”欢迎中国投资,中方:希望欧方营造公平、非歧视、透明、可预期的市场环境
Huan Qiu Shi Bao· 2026-01-21 22:50
【环球时报记者 丁雅栀 李炫旻 环球时报驻德国特约记者 青木】当地时间20日,法国总统马克龙在瑞士达沃斯举行的世界经济论坛上发表讲话 称,欧洲需要在一些关键领域吸引更多来自中国的直接投资。然而就在同一天,欧盟宣布计划逐步在高速电信网络等关键基础设施中淘汰来自"高 风险"国家企业供应的设备——虽然未点名任何国家或公司,但外媒普遍认为此举针对中国企业。相关专家21日对《环球时报》记者表示,如果欧 洲不能从根本上调整对华"去风险""弱脱钩"以及保护主义的政策取向,其所谓欢迎投资的措施将始终是有条件、有上限的,这不仅不利于中国对 欧投资,也会对双方经贸合作造成长期负面影响。 "我们欢迎中国,但我们需要中国在欧洲一些关键经济领域进行更多直接投资,以促进我们的增长,以及进行一些技术转让。"马克龙20日在谈 及"重新平衡与中国关系"时表示,欧洲需要的不仅仅是中国向欧洲出口某些商品或产品,"这些产品有时与欧洲本土生产的标准不一致,或是获得 的补贴远高于欧洲产品"。 马克龙在讲话中宣称,来自中国的竞争中,"大规模产能过剩和扭曲性做法"可能会冲击整个工商业领域。他表示:"解决这一问题的答案是加强合 作,构建新的合作模式。"马克龙 ...
达沃斯闭门晚宴上,美商务部长痛批欧洲“缺乏竞争力”,拉加德愤而离席
Hua Er Jie Jian Wen· 2026-01-21 13:28
此次外交风波正值全球贸易局势敏感之际,反映了特朗普政府与欧洲盟友之间日益扩大的分歧。就在事 件发生后的周三上午,拉加德在接受RTL电台采访时警告称,"新世界秩序的帷幕正在拉开",并暗指美 国威胁征收关税及限制全球贸易的行为并非盟友之举。她强调,这种新秩序迫使欧洲必须深刻反思其经 济组织方式以及与其他遵守规则国家的结盟策略。 一位要求匿名的欧洲CEO对拉加德的离场表示支持,认为欧洲需要开始捍卫自身利益。与此同时,卢特 尼克在晚宴上的言论并未得到全场认同,据知情人士向彭博称,他在发言期间遭到了一些嘘声。华尔街 方面也对此表达了不同看法,摩根大通首席执行官杰米·戴蒙在周三的论坛上表示,尽管欧洲确实存在 弱点,但他会采取更礼貌的方式处理分歧,目标应是使该地区更强大而非更分裂。 晚宴现场:座位安排与尖锐批评 据知情人士向彭博描述,当晚的气氛颇为紧张。除了作为压轴演讲者的卢特尼克外,美国贸易代表 Jamieson Greer也被安排在主桌,同桌的还有贝莱德公司首席执行官拉里·芬克。相比之下,卢特尼克被 安排在会场后排位置较差的座位上。 达沃斯闭门晚宴上,美国与欧洲之间日益紧张的贸易与经济关系因一次外交摩擦而公开化。 据知 ...
达沃斯首日:欧洲欢迎电动化投资
高工锂电· 2026-01-21 10:29
中国强调对外开放、 反对保护主义升级。 达沃斯世界经济论坛首日,中国副总理何立峰表示,中国从未刻意追求贸易顺差,将扩大进口、扩大内需,并强调对外开放与反对保护主义升级。 他在演讲中也正面回应了外界对中国"补贴驱动、产能过剩"的批评,称中国的发展"主要通过改革、开放与创新实现",而不是政府补贴,并试图用 进口与消费侧数据反证中国并非只靠出口拉动: 他表示过去五年中国经济年均增长约5.4%,累计进口超过15万亿美元的货物和服务,中国不仅愿意做"世界工厂",也更愿意做"世界市场",将更 积极扩大进口。 这一表态直接对准欧盟等贸易伙伴在电动汽车等行业对中国补贴与不公平竞争的指控。 法规生效后约12个月,公共采购的电池系统需要在欧盟境内组装,并对电池管理系统BMS等关键部件提出欧盟来源要求; 约两年后要求进一步收紧,电池系统及更多核心部件(包括电芯)需要达到更高的欧盟本地化比例。 公共采购对锂电的影响不一定体现在电芯本体,而更可能落在 储能电站、充电网络、工厂数字化系统 等"带数据、带网络、带运维"的场景。 此前在1月12日,欧盟委员会发布指导文件,允许中国电动汽车出口商就最低进口价等提交价格承诺,以替代部分反补贴关税 ...
关税阴影突袭!美股为何一碰就崩?
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2026-01-21 04:04
这场暴跌暴露关税政策对金融市场的破坏性连锁反应,投资者用脚投票表达对贸易保护主义的担忧。网友戏称"特朗普关税套餐比美联储加息更见效",分析 师警告若贸易摩擦持续,科技股或面临更深回调,全球供应链稳定性再受考验。 美东时间周二,特朗普一句"控制格陵兰否则加征关税"的威胁,直接让纳斯达克指数暴跌2.39%,标普500指数失守6800点。这已是2026年以来美股第二次因 关税问题单日跌超2%,市场像惊弓之鸟般的反应背后,藏着三个残酷真相。 1月21日美东时间周二,美股三大指数集体暴跌:道指跌1.76%至48,488.59点,标普500跌2.06%至6,796.86点,纳指重挫2.39%至22,954.32点。直接导火索是 特朗普政府威胁对格陵兰实施关税制裁,引发全球贸易战恐慌,科技股成重灾区。当日标普500和纳指年内涨幅转负,市场恐慌指数飙升。 百度图片 这场暴跌给投资者敲响三记警钟: 当纽约交易所的电子屏再度被红色淹没,华尔街交易员们突然想起巴菲特那句老话:"只有当潮水退去,才知道谁在裸泳。"眼下,美联储的潮水正在退去, 而特朗普的关税飓风又至,这场双重考验才刚刚开始。 第一层:科技股已成贸易战"人质" 1. 警 ...
降9成关税,又给电车补贴,加德对华贸易转机利好谁?
3 6 Ke· 2026-01-21 03:10
虽有博弈,或存变数,但汽车产业的全球化不能停止,真正的竞争力也不是壁垒,而是看谁能够在开放中持续创新。 近期,中国汽车出口频频传来捷报。 来自中汽协的数据显示,2025年全年汽车出口709.8万辆,同比增长21.1%。而海关总署数据更高,算上整车和成套散件等,全年出口832万台,同比增长 30%,出口额1424亿美元。 一边是增长迅速的数字,另一边则传来海外市场一系列利好政策。 1月20日,消息称德国政府为了推动电动汽车销量增长,计划推出30亿欧元补贴,补贴计划向中国品牌在内的所有制造商开放。 新补贴计划将持续至2029年,预计支持约80万辆电动汽车的购买。补贴金额根据车型及购买者收入水平分为1500至6000欧元不等,重点面向中低收入群 体。行业分析认为,德国此举将对中国汽车出口德国迎来重大利好。 2025年全年,中国车企在德国乘用车市场的销量为6.87万辆,同比增长120.4%。虽然面临种种不利的情况,但中国车企在德国市场还是创造新的销售纪 录。而据机构预测,2026年中国车企在德国市场有望达到10万辆的规模。 前些天,加拿大方面也宣布,将中国电动汽车关税从106.1%(6.1%最惠国关税+100%附加关 ...
金属价格持续上行,上市公司业绩水涨船高
Zheng Quan Shi Bao· 2026-01-21 00:01
近期,贵金属价格不断走强, 当地时间1月20日,受美国最新的关税威胁影响,美股三大指数大幅下挫。 截至收盘,道琼斯指数跌1.76%;标普500指数跌2.06%;纳斯达克指数跌2.39%。科技股普跌,英伟达 和特斯拉均跌超4%,亚马逊和苹果均跌超3%。 多个金属品种强势上涨 1月20日,全球贵金属市场延续强势,黄金、白银价格再度双双刷新历史纪录。伦敦金现货盘中最高达 到4766.23美元/盎司,年初以来上涨超9%;伦敦银现货盘中最高达到95.457美元/盎司,年初以来上涨超 33%。 国内期货市场同样表现强劲。1月20日,沪金期货主力合约上涨1.99%,收报1060.16元/克;沪银期货主 力合约上涨3.62%,收报23062元/千克。此外,钯金、铂金等其他贵金属品种也普遍收涨。 除了贵金属,工业金属与小金属今年以来亦多数走强。1月20日,碳酸锂期货主力合约收盘涨停,年初 以来累计上涨33.04%;沪锡期货主力合约年初以来累计上涨23.56%,不锈钢与镍期货主力合约累计涨 幅也分别录得8.2%和6.41%。 近期,贵金属价格不断走强,主要受外围市场影响。日前,美国威胁对欧洲多国加征关税,使全球市场 情绪恶化,推 ...
欧洲央行行长拉加德:特朗普关税威胁令不确定性卷土重来
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2026-01-20 23:35
Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that uncertainty has returned due to new tariff threats from Trump, which is damaging trust between the US and Europe [1][3] - Lagarde emphasized that the trade relationship between the US and Europe is very close, and questioning this relationship is detrimental to good business policy [3][5] - The European Central Bank (ECB) has maintained a stable policy with inflation and benchmark borrowing costs at 2%, and no further actions are expected in the near term [2][4] Group 2 - Lagarde noted that the recent rise in uncertainty is more significant than the tariffs themselves, indicating a return to a previously seen scenario [1][3] - French central bank governor Francois Villeroy de Galhau stated that any new tariffs would need to be evaluated, but he expects their impact on prices to be limited [2][4] - The eurozone has shown resilience in the face of rising protectionism, but officials continue to highlight that risks remain high [1][3]