1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core View of the Report The overall sentiment of the natural rubber market is complex. With the gradual resumption of operations of maintenance - enterprises, the production capacity of domestic tire enterprises is expected to be significantly released this week, and the capacity utilization rate is expected to rise significantly. The ru2601 contract is expected to fluctuate in the range of 14,750 - 15,400 yuan/ton in the short - term, and the nr2512 contract is expected to fluctuate in the range of 12,000 - 12,450 yuan/ton in the short - term [2]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Futures Market - The closing price of the main contract of Shanghai rubber was 14,895 yuan/ton, with a daily increase of 50 yuan/ton; the 1 - 5 spread was 50 yuan/ton. The closing price of the main contract of 20 - number rubber was 12,195 yuan/ton, with a daily increase of 205 yuan/ton; the 11 - 12 spread was 20 yuan/ton. The spread between Shanghai rubber and 20 - number rubber was 2,660 yuan/ton, a decrease of 195 yuan/ton [2]. - The position of the main contract of Shanghai rubber was 149,446 lots, a decrease of 384 lots; the position of the main contract of 20 - number rubber was 22,169 lots, a decrease of 5,323 lots. The net position of the top 20 in Shanghai rubber was - 25,886 lots, an increase of 899 lots; the net position of the top 20 in 20 - number rubber was - 12,440 lots, a decrease of 1,940 lots [2]. - The warehouse receipts of Shanghai rubber in the exchange were 139,560 tons, a decrease of 860 tons; the warehouse receipts of 20 - number rubber in the exchange were 39,917 tons, a decrease of 1,512 tons [2]. 3.2 Spot Market - The price of state - owned whole latex in the Shanghai market was 14,250 yuan/ton, unchanged; the price of Vietnamese 3L was 14,950 yuan/ton, unchanged. The price of Thai standard STR20 was 1,820 US dollars/ton, unchanged; the price of Malaysian standard SMR20 was 1,820 US dollars/ton, unchanged [2]. - The price of Thai RMB mixed rubber was 14,450 yuan/ton, unchanged; the price of Malaysian RMB mixed rubber was 14,400 yuan/ton, unchanged. The price of Qilu Petrochemical's styrene - butadiene 1502 was 11,500 yuan/ton, unchanged; the price of Qilu Petrochemical's cis - butadiene BR9000 was 11,200 yuan/ton, unchanged [2]. - The basis of Shanghai rubber was - 645 yuan/ton, a decrease of 50 yuan/ton; the basis of non - standard products of the main contract of Shanghai rubber was - 395 yuan/ton, an increase of 95 yuan/ton. The price of 20 - number rubber in the Qingdao market was 12,855 yuan/ton, an increase of 3 yuan/ton; the basis of the main contract of 20 - number rubber was 620 yuan/ton, a decrease of 242 yuan/ton [2]. 3.3 Upstream Situation - The market reference price of smoked sheets of Thai raw rubber was 57.65 Thai baht/kg, a decrease of 0.3 Thai baht/kg; the market reference price of rubber sheets of Thai raw rubber was 55.1 Thai baht/kg, a decrease of 1.01 Thai baht/kg. The market reference price of glue of Thai raw rubber was 54.1 Thai baht/kg, unchanged; the market reference price of cup rubber of Thai raw rubber was 49.95 Thai baht/kg, a decrease of 1 Thai baht/kg [2]. - The theoretical production profit of RSS3 was 171 US dollars/ton, an increase of 20 US dollars/ton; the theoretical production profit of STR20 was 15.8 US dollars/ton, an increase of 20.8 US dollars/ton [2]. - The monthly import volume of technically specified natural rubber was 113,100 tons, a decrease of 88,000 tons; the monthly import volume of mixed rubber was 268,400 tons, an increase of 89,000 tons [2]. 3.4 Downstream Situation - The weekly operating rate of all - steel tires was 50.87%, a decrease of 14.85 percentage points; the weekly operating rate of semi - steel tires was 55.26%, a decrease of 18.32 percentage points [2]. - The inventory days of all - steel tires in Shandong at the end of the period were 39.87 days, an increase of 0.36 days; the inventory days of semi - steel tires in Shandong at the end of the period were 45.7 days, a decrease of 0.23 days [2]. - The monthly output of all - steel tires was 13.03 million pieces, an increase of 280,000 pieces; the monthly output of semi - steel tires was 58.06 million pieces, an increase of 1.09 million pieces [2]. 3.5 Option Market - The 20 - day historical volatility of the underlying was 18.21%, a decrease of 0.71 percentage points; the 40 - day historical volatility of the underlying was 17.59%, a decrease of 0.08 percentage points [2]. - The implied volatility of at - the - money call options was 23.16%, a decrease of 0.04 percentage points; the implied volatility of at - the - money put options was 23.15%, a decrease of 0.05 percentage points [2]. 3.6 Industry News - From October 12th to October 18th, 2025, the rainfall in the main natural rubber producing areas in Southeast Asia increased compared with the previous period. In the northern part of the equator, the red areas were mainly concentrated in the central and northern regions of Vietnam, and the rainfall in most other areas was low, with a slight weakening impact on tapping; in the southern part of the equator, the red areas were mainly distributed in eastern Malaysia, and the rainfall in most other areas was medium - low, with an enhanced impact on tapping [2]. - In September 2025, the El Niño index (ONI) was - 0.38, a month - on - month decrease of 0.19, and the El Niño phenomenon weakened month - on - month [2]. - In September 2025, China's heavy - truck market sold about 105,000 vehicles (wholesale caliber, including exports and new energy), a month - on - month increase of 15% and a year - on - year increase of about 82%. From January to September this year, the cumulative sales of China's heavy - truck market exceeded 800,000 vehicles, reaching 821,000 vehicles, a year - on - year increase of about 20% [2]. - As of October 9th, the capacity utilization rate of China's semi - steel tire sample enterprises was 42.15%, a decrease of 17.50 percentage points compared with the previous period and a year - on - year decrease of 36.62 percentage points. The capacity utilization rate of China's all - steel tire sample enterprises was 41.53%, a decrease of 13.83 percentage points compared with the previous period and a year - on - year decrease of 0.78 percentage points [2].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core Viewpoint The global natural rubber producing areas are in the tapping season. In Yunnan, the weather is normal with stable raw material supply, but the purchase price has slightly decreased due to the decline in futures and spot prices. In Hainan, continuous rainfall has restricted tapping operations, slowing the seasonal increase in raw material supply. The overall inventory in Qingdao Port has slightly decreased after the holiday, with the bonded warehouse showing inventory accumulation and the general trade warehouse showing inventory reduction. After the holiday, downstream enterprises are mostly observing and have not shown significant restocking. As tire enterprises resume work after maintenance, the production capacity is expected to be gradually released, and the capacity utilization rate of domestic tire enterprises is expected to increase significantly this week. The ru2601 contract is expected to fluctuate in the range of 14,750 - 15,400 yuan/ton in the short - term, and the nr2512 contract is expected to fluctuate in the range of 11,850 - 12,350 yuan/ton in the short - term [2]. 3. Summary by Directory Futures Market - The closing price of the main Shanghai rubber contract is 14,845 yuan/ton, down 95 yuan; the closing price of the main 20 - number rubber contract is 11,990 yuan/ton, down 50 yuan [2]. - The 1 - 5 spread of Shanghai rubber is 15 yuan/ton, unchanged; the 11 - 12 spread of 20 - number rubber is 20 yuan/ton, up 25 yuan [2]. - The spread between Shanghai rubber and 20 - number rubber is 2,855 yuan/ton, down 45 yuan [2]. - The position of the main Shanghai rubber contract is 149,830 lots, down 1,941 lots; the position of the main 20 - number rubber contract is 27,492 lots, down 2,363 lots [2]. - The net position of the top 20 in Shanghai rubber is - 26,785 lots, up 1,378 lots; the net position of the top 20 in 20 - number rubber is - 10,500 lots, up 461 lots [2]. - The exchange warehouse receipts of Shanghai rubber are 140,420 tons, down 2,520 tons; the exchange warehouse receipts of 20 - number rubber are 41,429 tons [2]. Spot Market - The price of state - owned whole latex in the Shanghai market is 14,250 yuan/ton, unchanged; the price of Vietnamese 3L in the Shanghai market is 14,950 yuan/ton, down 50 yuan [2]. - The price of Thai standard STR20 is 1,820 US dollars/ton, down 30 US dollars; the price of Malaysian standard SMR20 is 1,820 US dollars/ton, down 30 US dollars [2]. - The price of Thai RMB mixed rubber is 14,450 yuan/ton, down 300 yuan; the price of Malaysian RMB mixed rubber is 14,400 yuan/ton, down 300 yuan [2]. - The price of Qilu Petrochemical's styrene - butadiene 1502 is 11,500 yuan/ton, unchanged; the price of Qilu Petrochemical's cis - butadiene BR9000 is 11,200 yuan/ton, unchanged [2]. - The basis of Shanghai rubber is - 595 yuan/ton, up 95 yuan; the non - standard product basis of the main Shanghai rubber contract is - 490 yuan/ton [2]. - The price of 20 - number rubber in the Qingdao market is 12,852 yuan/ton, down 292 yuan; the basis of the main 20 - number rubber contract is 862 yuan/ton, down 242 yuan [2]. Upstream Situation - The market reference price of Thai raw rubber (smoked sheet) is 57.95 Thai baht/kg, down 1.16 Thai baht; the market reference price of Thai raw rubber (film) is 55.1 Thai baht/kg, down 1.01 Thai baht [2]. - The market reference price of Thai raw rubber (glue water) is 54.1 Thai baht/kg, up 0.2 Thai baht; the market reference price of Thai raw rubber (cup rubber) is 50.95 Thai baht/kg, down 0.55 Thai baht [2]. - The theoretical production profit of RSS3 is 171 US dollars/ton, up 20 US dollars; the theoretical production profit of STR20 is 15.8 US dollars/ton, up 20.8 US dollars [2]. - The monthly import volume of technically specified natural rubber is 11.31 million tons, down 0.88 million tons; the monthly import volume of mixed rubber is 26.84 million tons, up 0.89 million tons [2]. Downstream Situation - The weekly operating rate of all - steel tires is 50.87%, down 14.85 percentage points; the weekly operating rate of semi - steel tires is 55.26%, down 18.32 percentage points [2]. - The inventory days of all - steel tires in Shandong are 39.87 days, up 0.36 days; the inventory days of semi - steel tires in Shandong are 45.7 days, down 0.23 days [2]. - The monthly output of all - steel tires is 13.03 million pieces, up 280,000 pieces; the monthly output of semi - steel tires is 58.06 million pieces, up 1.09 million pieces [2]. Option Market - The 20 - day historical volatility of the underlying is 18.92%, up 0.01 percentage points; the 40 - day historical volatility of the underlying is 17.66%, down 0.32 percentage points [2]. - The implied volatility of at - the - money call options is 23.2%, up 0.51 percentage points; the implied volatility of at - the - money put options is 23.2%, up 0.52 percentage points [2]. Industry News - In the first week of October 2025, rainfall in the main natural rubber producing areas in Southeast Asia increased compared with the previous period. In the northern hemisphere, the red - marked areas with more rainfall are mainly in northern and central Vietnam, and the impact on tapping is slightly reduced; in the southern hemisphere, the red - marked areas are mainly in eastern Malaysia, and the impact on tapping is increased [2]. - In September 2025, the El Niño index (ONI) was - 0.38, a month - on - month decrease of 0.19, indicating a weakening of the El Niño phenomenon [2]. - In September 2025, China's heavy - truck market sold about 105,000 vehicles (wholesale), a 15% increase from August and an 82% increase from the same period last year. From January to September, the cumulative sales exceeded 821,000 vehicles, a 20% year - on - year increase [2]. - As of October 9, the capacity utilization rate of China's semi - steel tire sample enterprises was 42.15%, a 17.50 - percentage - point decrease from the previous period and a 36.62 - percentage - point decrease year - on - year; the capacity utilization rate of all - steel tire sample enterprises was 41.53%, a 13.83 - percentage - point decrease from the previous period and a 0.78 - percentage - point decrease year - on - year [2].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content 2. Core Viewpoints - The ru2601 contract is expected to fluctuate in the range of 15,000 - 15,700 in the short - term, and the nr2511 contract is expected to fluctuate in the range of 12,100 - 12,730 in the short - term [2] - During the holiday, some domestic tire enterprises had a 5 - 8 day maintenance plan, which dragged down the enterprise capacity utilization rate significantly. As the maintenance enterprises resume operation, the device capacity will be gradually released [2] - The inventory at Qingdao Port continued to decline, mainly in general trade warehouses. Before the festival, overseas goods arrived at the port and were warehoused in a concentrated manner, and the overall warehouse inbound volume increased month - on - month. Downstream tire factories picked up the previously ordered goods, increasing the overall outbound volume of general trade [2] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Futures Market - The closing price of the main Shanghai rubber contract was 15,415 yuan/ton, up 385 yuan; the closing price of the main 20 - number rubber contract was 12,465 yuan/ton, up 365 yuan [2] - The 1 - 5 spread of Shanghai rubber was 60 yuan/ton, and the 11 - 12 spread of 20 - number rubber was 10 yuan/ton [2] - The spread between Shanghai rubber and 20 - number rubber was 2,950 yuan/ton, up 20 yuan [2] - The trading volume of the main Shanghai rubber contract was 140,720 lots, down 378 lots; the trading volume of the main 20 - number rubber contract was 34,149 lots, down 52 lots [2] - The net position of the top 20 in Shanghai rubber was - 22,185 lots, up 3,236 lots; the net position of the top 20 in 20 - number rubber was - 11,125 lots, down 482 lots [2] - The exchange warehouse receipts of Shanghai rubber were 145,390 tons, down 4,420 tons; the exchange warehouse receipts of 20 - number rubber were 41,632 tons, down 402 tons [2] Spot Market - The price of state - owned full - latex in the Shanghai market was 14,650 yuan/ton, up 350 yuan; the price of Vietnamese 3L in the Shanghai market was 15,250 yuan/ton, up 100 yuan [2] - The price of Thai standard STR20 was 1,820 US dollars/ton, down 30 US dollars; the price of Malaysian standard SMR20 was 1,820 US dollars/ton, down 30 US dollars [2] - The price of Thai RMB mixed rubber was 14,600 yuan/ton, down 200 yuan; the price of Malaysian RMB mixed rubber was 14,550 yuan/ton, down 200 yuan [2] - The price of Qilu Petrochemical's styrene - butadiene 1502 was 11,800 yuan/ton, unchanged; the price of Qilu Petrochemical's butadiene BR9000 was 11,500 yuan/ton, unchanged [2] - The basis of Shanghai rubber was - 765 yuan/ton, down 35 yuan; the non - standard product basis of the main Shanghai rubber contract was - 430 yuan/ton, up 145 yuan [2] - The price of 20 - number rubber in the Qingdao market was 12,968 yuan/ton, down 148 yuan; the basis of the main 20 - number rubber contract was 503 yuan/ton, down 513 yuan [2] Upstream Situation - The market reference price of smoked sheets of Thai raw rubber was 58.12 Thai baht/kg, down 0.49 Thai baht; the market reference price of rubber sheets of Thai raw rubber was 56.11 Thai baht/kg, down 0.7 Thai baht [2] - The market reference price of glue of Thai raw rubber was 54.8 Thai baht/kg, unchanged; the market reference price of cup - lump of Thai raw rubber was 50.3 Thai baht/kg, down 0.25 Thai baht [2] - The theoretical production profit of RSS3 was 171 US dollars/ton, up 20 US dollars; the theoretical production profit of STR20 was 15.8 US dollars/ton, up 20.8 US dollars [2] - The monthly import volume of technically specified natural rubber was 113,100 tons, down 8,800 tons; the monthly import volume of mixed rubber was 268,400 tons, up 8,900 tons [2] Downstream Situation - The operating rate of all - steel tires was 65.72%, up 0.06%; the operating rate of semi - steel tires was 73.58%, down 0.08% [2] - The inventory days of all - steel tires in Shandong were 39.16 days, up 0.03 days; the inventory days of semi - steel tires in Shandong were 46.15 days, up 0.13 days [2] - The monthly output of all - steel tires was 13.03 million pieces, up 280,000 pieces; the monthly output of semi - steel tires was 58.06 million pieces, up 1.09 million pieces [2] Option Market - The 20 - day historical volatility of the underlying was 19.68%, up 2.68%; the 40 - day historical volatility of the underlying was 16.86%, up 1.3% [2] - The implied volatility of at - the - money call options was 23.17%, up 0.51%; the implied volatility of at - the - money put options was 23.16%, up 0.49% [2] Industry News - From October 8 - 14, 2025, the rainfall in the main natural rubber producing areas in Southeast Asia increased compared with the previous period. In the northern hemisphere, the red areas were mainly in southern Thailand and south - western Cambodia, and the rainfall in most other areas was low, slightly increasing the impact on tapping; in the southern hemisphere, there were no red areas, and the rainfall in most other areas was moderately low, reducing the impact on tapping [2] - In September 2025, the El Niño index (ONI) was - 0.38, a month - on - month decrease of 0.19, indicating a weakening of the El Niño phenomenon month - on - month [2] - In September 2025, China's heavy - truck market sold about 105,000 vehicles (wholesale, including exports and new energy), a 15% month - on - month increase from August and an 82% year - on - year increase from 58,000 vehicles in the same period last year. From January to September this year, the cumulative sales of China's heavy - truck market exceeded 800,000 vehicles, reaching 821,000 vehicles, a year - on - year increase of about 20% [2]

距离国庆假期还有一周，身边不少朋友却陷入了要不要退机票的纠结。 早在今年暑期，家在上海的朋友小龙就锁定了三亚某五星酒店的国庆套餐，机票也抢在涨价之前定好，早去晚回，一切看上去挺好。 周一开始，西北太平洋的"风王"桦加沙台风对海南旅游的影响逐渐明显之际，小龙还信誓旦旦地称"牛马的假期不容更改，管它下不下雨，下刀子我都要 去。" 但台风它真来了，去程航班被取消了，连返程机票也得跟航空公司打电话退掉。 小龙说："我真没想到，海不蓝、风很大我都能忍，但航班取消，是真的一点机会不给啊。" 另一位朋友小美，更无奈。 她原本定的是9月26日飞三亚，五天后返程的错峰短假期，时间很巧，正好撞在台风离境前后。 01 "到底要不要退票啊？有没有懂的人来说说看？"她把三亚的天气截图贴在社交媒体上。 虽然当地官方发布消息称"台风天气对海南旅游影响不大"，但一眼看去全是雨的天气预报，让小美完全提不起兴趣了。 下面的评论区，更是有人直白留言："为了让你们来海南旅游直接说无影响，到时候下雨让你们酒店住着。" 十一暴雨台风，这不仅是旅客们的烦恼。 广东某热门景区酒店负责人A先生告诉我，今年暑期他们就受天气影响吃了大亏，好不容易熬到国庆黄金周前 ...

As we enter the final quarter of 2025, the global commodity markets for wheat and soybeans are once again proving to be highly sensitive to a complex interplay of geopolitical events, shifting trade policies, and distinctive weather patterns for this time of the year. While the weather in the U.S. proved to be a make-or-break factor for soybeans during the critical pod-filling period, with 22% of U.S. acreage in drought by early September, the overall domestic output remains essentially unchanged from the p ...

Core Insights - Vietnam's coffee exports in August 2025 reached approximately 95,000 tons, generating over $429 million in revenue [1] - In the first eight months of 2025, Vietnam exported a total of 1.2 million tons of coffee, amounting to $6.42 billion, with year-on-year increases of 8.7% in volume and 59.1% in value [1] Market Dynamics - The significant increase in Vietnam's coffee export volume and value is primarily attributed to a nearly 46.5% rise in international coffee prices year-on-year [1] - The El Niño phenomenon has led to reduced coffee supply from major producing countries Brazil and Indonesia, while demand remains strong in Europe and North America [1] Key Export Markets - Germany, Italy, and Spain are identified as the top three importers of Vietnamese coffee, collectively accounting for nearly 30% of Vietnam's total coffee export revenue [1]

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content Core Viewpoints - The U.S. biodiesel policy draft exceeding expectations, the limited production increase potential of Southeast Asian palm oil, the low inventories of vegetable oils in India and Southeast Asian producing areas, and the expectation of Indonesia's B50 policy support the central price of oils and fats [11]. - Oils and fats are currently in a state of balanced or slightly loose actual supply - demand, with a tight expectation. They are expected to fluctuate strongly in the medium - term before the inventories in consuming and producing areas are fully accumulated and the negative feedback of demand in consuming areas appears [11]. - Given the current high valuation, it is advisable to observe high - frequency data and mainly adopt the strategy of buying after a decline and stabilization [11]. Summary by Directory 1. Monthly Assessment and Strategy Recommendation - **Market Review**: In August, the three major oils and fats first rose and then fell. The market pre - traded the expectation of tight supply - demand in Indonesia, boosted by events such as Indonesia's confiscation of plantations and China's anti - dumping ruling on Canadian rapeseed. Subsequently, due to factors like commodity price corrections, high profits of major oils, and sufficient actual supply, the overall price of oils and fats declined. The net long positions of foreign capital seats that were long in August also decreased significantly [11]. - **International Oils and Fats**: The USDA August monthly report maintained that the U.S. will increase industrial demand for soybean oil by about 1.5 million tons in the 2025/2026 season. India imported about 1.6 million tons of vegetable oils in August, and its inventory is expected to continue to accumulate. New rapeseed crops show a pattern of increased production [11]. - **Domestic Oils and Fats**: In August, the trading volume of soybean oil was good, while that of palm oil was weak, and the spot basis declined. The total domestic inventory of oils and fats is about 400,000 tons higher than last year. In the next two months, the soybean crushing volume will decline slightly from a high level, the palm oil inventory will remain stable, and the total domestic inventory of oils and fats will remain high in the short - term and decline in the medium - term [11]. - **Trading Strategy**: Unilateral trading should consider the market as bullish. For now, it is advisable to observe high - frequency data and mainly adopt the strategy of buying after a decline and stabilization [13]. 2. Futures and Spot Markets - The report presents the basis and basis seasonality charts of palm oil, soybean oil, and rapeseed oil's 01 contracts, including the basis between FCPOV25.MDE and FOB palm oil (Malaysia), and the basis between domestic spot prices and futures prices [18][20][22]. 3. Supply Side - **Production and Export**: Charts show the monthly production and export of Malaysian palm oil, the monthly production and export of Indonesian palm oil and palm kernel oil, the weekly arrival and port inventory of soybeans, and the monthly import of rapeseed and rapeseed oil [27][28][29][30]. - **Weather**: Charts display the weighted precipitation in Indonesian and Malaysian palm - producing areas, the NINO 3.4 index, and the impact of La Nina on global climate [32][33]. 4. Profit and Inventory - **Inventory Charts**: There are charts showing the total inventory of three major domestic oils and fats, the inventory of imported vegetable oils in India, the inventory of palm oil, soybean oil, and rapeseed oil, and the inventory of palm oil in Malaysia and Indonesia [39][42][44][47]. - **Profit Charts**: Charts show the import profit of palm oil, the spot crushing profit of imported soybeans in Guangdong, the average crushing profit of coastal rapeseed, and the POGO and BOHO spreads related to bio - diesel profits [42][44][58]. 5. Cost Side - **Malaysian Palm Oil**: Charts show the reference price of Malaysian palm fresh fruit bunches and the import cost price of Malaysian palm oil [49][50]. - **Rapeseed and Rapeseed Oil**: Charts show the CNF import price of rapeseed oil and the import cost price of imported rapeseed in China [53]. 6. Demand Side - **Oils and Fats Trading Volume**: Charts show the cumulative trading volume of palm oil and soybean oil in the crop year [56]. - **Bio - diesel Profit**: Charts show the POGO spread (Malaysian palm oil - Singapore low - sulfur diesel) and the BOHO spread (soybean oil - heating oil) [58].

Core Viewpoint - The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) indicates a potential return of the La Niña phenomenon starting from September, which may influence global weather and climate conditions in the coming months, despite many regions still experiencing above-average temperatures [1] Summary by Relevant Sections - **La Niña Phenomenon**: The La Niña phenomenon, characterized by a significant cooling of sea surface temperatures in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific, may re-emerge from September 2023 [1] - **Current Conditions**: Since March 2025, neutral conditions (neither El Niño nor La Niña) have persisted, with a low probability of El Niño occurring between September and December [1] - **Temperature Expectations**: Despite the potential return of La Niña, temperatures in many areas of the Northern Hemisphere and a large part of the Southern Hemisphere are expected to remain above average from September to November [1]

Core Insights - The latest report from the American Meteorological Society, titled "Annual Climate Status Report," warns that multiple climate indicators are set to break records in 2024, including greenhouse gas concentrations, land and ocean temperatures, sea level heights, and ocean heat content [1][2] Group 1: Greenhouse Gas Concentrations - The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has reached 422.8±0.1 parts per million (ppm), a 52% increase from the pre-industrial level of 278 ppm [1] Group 2: Temperature Records - Global surface temperatures have broken records for two consecutive years, exceeding the 1991-2020 average by 0.63℃ to 0.72℃ [2] - The period from 2015 to 2024 is confirmed as the hottest decade on record, according to six authoritative datasets [2] Group 3: Ocean Temperature and Heat Waves - Influenced by the El Niño phenomenon, global sea surface temperatures are expected to reach new highs in 2024, with an increase of 0.06℃ compared to the record set in 2023 [2] - Approximately 91% of ocean areas are experiencing heat waves, while only 26% are facing cold waves [2] Group 4: Water Cycle and Extreme Weather - The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere has reached a historical high, with over 20% of global regions experiencing extreme vapor values, significantly higher than the 10% recorded in 2023 [2] Group 5: Ocean Heat Content and Sea Level Rise - Global ocean heat content has reached unprecedented levels, with measurements taken from the surface down to 2000 meters deep continuing to increase [2] - The global average sea level has set new records for 13 consecutive years, rising approximately 105.8 millimeters since the beginning of satellite monitoring in 1993 [2] Group 6: Glacier Melting - In 2024, 58 benchmark glaciers worldwide have reported mass loss for two consecutive years, marking the largest average loss in 55 years [2] - Venezuela has become the first Andean country to completely lose its glaciers, while the Conejeras Glacier in Colombia has been officially declared "dead" [2]

Group 1 - The black series futures, including coking coal and coke, experienced significant increases, with coking coal rising by 3.18% and coke by 3.15% on July 2 [1] - The Central Financial Committee emphasized the need to regulate low-price disorderly competition among enterprises and promote the orderly exit of backward production capacity [1] - The National Climate Center predicts that high temperatures this year will be intense and prolonged, with northern China potentially exceeding 42°C for over 30 days [1] Group 2 - Year-to-date data shows that the cumulative coal sales of key monitored enterprises reached 121,815.8 million tons, a year-on-year decrease of 4.1%, with thermal coal and coking coal sales down by 5.3% and 4%, respectively, while anthracite coal sales increased by 7.3% [1] - Longjiang Securities anticipates seasonal demand improvement due to the summer peak and the "Golden September and Silver October" period, alongside a potential contraction in imported coal volumes [1] - The China Coal Association has called for production control and quality improvement, with safety inspections expected to remain stringent following June's safety month [1] Group 3 - Guotai Junan Securities views the next four months as a critical verification period for fundamentals, predicting that the second quarter of 2025 will mark the bottom of the coal industry's fundamentals [1] - Companies with a small proportion of non-coal business, such as Pingjiang Co., New Energy, Yanzhou Coal, Haohua Energy, and China Coal Energy, are significantly undervalued [2] - Companies with a large proportion of non-coal business, such as Huaibei Mining and Shaanxi Energy, are even more undervalued [2]