Core Viewpoint - The upcoming speech by Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell at the Jackson Hole conference is anticipated to provide critical insights into the future path of U.S. monetary policy, amidst significant political pressure and economic challenges [1][3]. Group 1: Market Expectations - Investors are widely expecting a rate cut from the Federal Reserve in the coming weeks, which has driven stock markets, particularly interest-sensitive sectors, to historical highs [1]. - The probability of a 25 basis point rate cut at the September meeting is over 92%, with expectations for at least one more cut within the year [2]. Group 2: Economic Challenges - Powell faces a complex economic situation, balancing rising inflation due to tariff policies against signs of a cooling labor market and risks of economic slowdown [1][3]. - Recent economic data shows persistent inflation pressures, with the core Consumer Price Index (CPI) rising 0.3% month-over-month in July, the largest increase since January, and the Producer Price Index (PPI) surging 0.9%, the highest monthly increase in over three years [5]. Group 3: Political Pressure - The Trump administration has intensified its criticism of Powell for not cutting rates quickly enough, creating a challenging environment for the Fed's decision-making [2][3]. - Historical precedents of political interference in monetary policy, such as during the Nixon administration, highlight the potential risks of maintaining low rates in the face of rising inflation [3]. Group 4: Fed's Independence - Powell's upcoming speech is expected to focus on the Fed's monetary policy framework review, which is crucial for maintaining the central bank's long-term independence [6][7]. - Adjustments to the policy framework may establish guiding principles that extend beyond Powell's tenure, addressing how to respond to supply shocks and balancing full employment with price stability [6].

Core Viewpoint - UBS strategist Bhanu Baweja has raised the S&P 500 index target for the end of 2025 to 6100 points and set the target for the end of 2026 at 6800 points, indicating a positive long-term outlook despite short-term economic challenges [1] Economic Performance - The U.S. economy and corporate performance are currently strong, contributing to the optimistic projections for the S&P 500 index [1] - Tariff risks have eased, further supporting the positive outlook for the market [1] Future Projections - UBS anticipates that the S&P 500 index will be below its current level by the end of 2025 due to expected economic growth slowdown, followed by a recovery by the end of 2026 [1]

1. Report Industry Investment Ratings No investment ratings for the industry are provided in the report. 2. Core Views of the Report - Overseas, the nomination of a temporary Fed governor by the US President has boosted market expectations of interest - rate cuts, weakening the US dollar index. However, the 10 - year US Treasury auction was unexpectedly weak, leading to higher Treasury yields. The implementation of the US "reciprocal tariff" has triggered risk - aversion sentiment, cooling global risk appetite. Domestically, China's manufacturing PMI in July was 49.3%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a slowdown in economic growth. Trade deficit has decreased, and net exports' contribution to the economy has weakened. Policy support for child - rearing may boost consumption, and the extension of the China - US tariff truce by 90 days has reduced short - term tariff uncertainties. The expectation of a Fed rate cut has opened up space for domestic monetary policy and led to RMB appreciation, increasing domestic risk appetite [3][4]. - Different asset classes have different outlooks: stocks are expected to oscillate strongly at high levels in the short term; bonds are expected to oscillate and correct at high levels; different commodity sectors have varying trends, with some being more volatile and others more stable [3]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Macro - finance - Overseas: The US dollar index is weakening, US Treasury yields are rising, and risk - aversion sentiment is increasing due to tariff policies. Domestically: Economic growth is slowing, trade deficit is decreasing, and policies are supporting consumption. The extension of the tariff truce and Fed rate - cut expectations are affecting domestic risk appetite [3]. Stock Index - Driven by sectors such as rare earths, precious metals, and semiconductors, the domestic stock market is rising. The short - term macro - upward drive has strengthened, and investors should focus on China - US trade negotiations and domestic incremental policies. Short - term cautious observation is recommended [4]. Precious Metals - On Thursday, precious metals rose slightly. Trade tensions and weak US economic data, such as poor non - farm payrolls and rising initial jobless claims, have increased the expectation of a Fed rate cut in September to over 90%. The inflation rebound has made the stagflation feature of the US economy more obvious. Precious metals are expected to remain in a slightly strong oscillating pattern in the short term [5]. Black Metals - **Steel**: On Thursday, the domestic steel spot market declined slightly, and demand continued to weaken. Steel inventory increased, and apparent consumption decreased. Supply was high due to high steel mill profits. Steel prices are expected to oscillate within a range in the short term [7]. - **Iron Ore**: On Thursday, iron ore prices weakened. Iron - water production is expected to decline further, and if northern region production restrictions are implemented, ore demand will weaken. Supply has some fluctuations, and iron ore prices are expected to oscillate weakly in the short term [7]. Glass - On Thursday, the glass futures contract oscillated weakly. Supply pressure is high, but there are expectations of production cuts due to anti - involution policies. Demand from the real - estate industry is weak, and glass prices are expected to oscillate within a range in the short term [8][9]. Ferrous Alloys - **Silicon Manganese/Silicon Iron**: On Thursday, prices continued to weaken. Demand from the steel industry is okay. Production in some regions is expected to increase, and prices are expected to oscillate within a range in the short term [8]. - **Soda Ash**: On Thursday, the soda - ash futures contract oscillated weakly. Supply is in an oversupply situation, demand is weak, and prices are expected to oscillate within a range [8]. Non - ferrous Metals and New Energy - **Copper**: German industrial output declined, and new US tariffs have increased global economic pressure. Copper inventory is at a high level, and terminal demand may weaken [10]. - **Aluminum**: Boosted by the expectation of a Fed rate cut, LME aluminum previously led the rise but has now slowed. Fundamentally, domestic and LME inventories are increasing, and short - term upward space is limited [10]. - **Aluminum Alloy**: Waste - aluminum supply is tight, production costs are rising, and it is in the demand off - season. Prices are expected to oscillate strongly in the short term but with limited upward space [11]. - **Tin**: Supply - side开工率 has increased significantly, but demand is weak, especially in the photovoltaic industry. Inventories are increasing, and prices are expected to oscillate weakly in the short term [11]. - **Lithium Carbonate**: On Thursday, the lithium - carbonate futures contract rose significantly. Market concerns about production suspension have increased price volatility, and cautious observation is recommended [12]. - **Industrial Silicon**: On Thursday, the industrial - silicon futures contract rose. The increase in coking - coal prices may drive the price, and it is expected to oscillate strongly in the short term [14]. - **Polysilicon**: On Thursday, the polysilicon futures contract declined. The photovoltaic industry has anti - involution expectations, and the spot price provides support. With increasing warehouse receipts, prices are expected to oscillate at high levels in the short term [14]. Energy and Chemicals - **Crude Oil**: The market is waiting for a potential meeting between the US and Russian presidents, and oil prices are falling. Oil prices will continue to oscillate widely, and an oversupply situation may occur at the end of the year [15]. - **Ethylene Glycol**: It is testing the key resistance level. Port inventory is slightly decreasing, but supply pressure will increase in the future, and it is expected to oscillate in the short term [16]. - **Asphalt**: Crude - oil price decline has weakened cost support. Inventory is neutral, and demand is weak. It will continue to oscillate weakly [16]. - **PX**: Due to plant shutdowns, demand has decreased slightly. The supply - demand pattern is still tight, and it will oscillate in the short term, waiting for changes in PTA plants and terminal orders [16]. - **PTA**: Processing fees are low, leading to new plant shutdowns. Spot trading is weak, and downstream demand is slowly recovering. The upside space is limited [16]. - **Short - fiber**: Affected by the decline in crude - oil prices and sector resonance, short - fiber prices are falling. Inventory is accumulating, and it may continue to be weak in the medium term [17]. - **Methanol**: The anti - involution sentiment has cooled, and prices are expected to oscillate weakly due to supply - demand pressure [17]. - **PP**: The anti - involution sentiment has cooled, and prices are expected to oscillate weakly due to strong supply and weak demand [17]. - **LLDPE**: Supply is increasing, demand is weak, and prices are expected to oscillate weakly [18]. Agricultural Products - **US Soybeans**: Overnight, CBOT soybeans rose. US soybean export sales in the week ending July 31 were higher than expected [19]. - **Soybean and Rapeseed Meal**: Domestic soybean - meal spot prices are expected to oscillate around 2900 yuan/ton. Rapeseed - meal prices are expected to oscillate in the short term [19]. - **Soybean and Rapeseed Oil**: Soybean - oil spot trading has improved, and there are opportunities for long - soybean - oil and short - palm - oil arbitrage. Rapeseed - oil fundamentals are stable [20][21]. - **Fats and Oils**: CBOT soybean - oil futures fell, and BMD palm - oil futures rose. Malaysia's palm - oil production and inventory increased in July, and exports were weak. The domestic short - term soybean - palm oil spread may rebound [21]. - **Corn**: Corn futures are falling, and spot prices are weak. Supply is expected to be sufficient in August, and high basis provides some support [21]. - **Pigs**: Farmers are reluctant to sell at low prices, and slaughterhouse orders are expected to increase after the Beginning of Autumn. Pig prices may stabilize [22].

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of England has lowered the benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points from 4.25% to 4%, indicating a cautious approach to monetary policy amid economic challenges [4][16]. Summary by Sections Interest Rate Decision - The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) voted 5 to 4 in favor of the rate cut, marking the first time in 28 years that a two-round vote was necessary to reach a decision [5][10]. - The decision reflects significant internal divisions within the Bank regarding how to address the dual challenges of slowing economic growth and rising inflation [7][10]. Economic Context - The UK economy is experiencing signs of weakness, with a reported loss of 185,000 jobs since the announcement of increased employer wage taxes and minimum wage by the Labour government [7]. - Despite a slight upward revision of the 2025 economic growth forecast to 1.25%, officials describe the overall economic situation as "still sluggish" [8]. Inflation Outlook - Inflation is expected to rise to 4% in September, higher than the previous forecast of 3.7%, driven by food price increases [7][16]. - The MPC remains vigilant about potential second-round inflation effects, particularly concerning wage pressures and consumer price inflation [7][16]. Future Monetary Policy - The MPC indicated that future rate cuts will depend on the progress made in reducing core inflation pressures [9][17]. - The market anticipates another rate cut by the end of the year, with projections suggesting a further decline to around 3.5% [9]. Market Reaction - Following the announcement, the UK stock market continued to decline, while the British pound appreciated [13].

Core Viewpoint - The increase of tariffs on Indian goods to 50% by the U.S. is expected to significantly impact India's economic growth, reducing the forecast from 7% to nearly 6% for 2025 and 2026 [1] Economic Impact - Higher tariffs are anticipated to lead to a substantial decline in exports from India [1] - The potential implementation of an additional 25% tariff could severely undermine India's attractiveness as an emerging manufacturing hub [1] Global Oil Market - If India responds by reducing its purchases from Russia, there may be an increase in global oil prices [1]

Group 1 - The U.S. President Trump has imposed an additional 25% tariff on Indian goods due to India's continued purchase of Russian energy, raising the total tariff rate to 50% [1] - Following the announcement, the iShares MSCI India ETF dropped to an intraday low, while oil prices increased, and the Indian Rupee stabilized at 87.91 against the U.S. dollar [1] - This tariff increase is part of Trump's strategy to reduce trade deficits, revitalize domestic manufacturing, and increase federal revenue, which poses risks to the global economy, including rising costs and potential supply chain disruptions [1] Group 2 - Market expectations for a rate cut in September have surged, with the CME FedWatch tool indicating an 87% probability following a weak employment report [2] - The dismissal of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics chief by Trump has further heightened policy uncertainty [2] - Gold, as a traditional safe-haven asset, is expected to perform strongly in the context of increased political and economic uncertainty and a low-interest-rate environment [2] Group 3 - Gold prices are projected to have room for growth, with a short-term target of $3,400, supported by ongoing tariff tensions, economic slowdown, and inflation concerns, as well as a weak dollar [3] Group 4 - The daily direction for gold (XAUUSD) is showing a bullish trend, with resistance levels at 3384, 3362, and 3410, and support levels at 3373, 3357, and 3344 [4] - The momentum for gold is strong, with a quantitative cycle exceeding three years and a reference value of at least 67.1% [4] Group 5 - The daily direction for the Euro against the U.S. dollar (EURUSD) is also showing a bullish trend, with resistance levels at 1.1692, 1.1731, and 1.1795, and support levels at 1.1637, 1.1590, and 1.1552 [5] - The momentum for EURUSD is moderate, with a quantitative cycle exceeding three years and a reference value of at least 67.1% [5]

Group 1 - Developed and emerging markets experienced a simultaneous decline, with both down by 2.5% during the week of July 28 to August 1, 2025 [1][10] - The Hang Seng Technology Index fell by 4.9%, while the Hang Seng Index decreased by 3.5% [1] - The healthcare sector led the industry performance, indicating potential resilience in this area amidst broader market declines [1] Group 2 - The U.S. stock market faced pressure from economic slowdown, with the Dow Jones down 2.9%, S&P 500 down 2.4%, and Nasdaq down 2.2% [2][4] - Non-farm payroll data showed a significant drop, with only 73,000 jobs added in July, well below expectations of 104,000 [2][21] - The U.S. manufacturing PMI fell to 48 in July, indicating contraction, as it remained below the neutral level for five consecutive months [2][27] Group 3 - The Federal Reserve maintained interest rates but faced internal dissent, with two members voting against the decision, advocating for a 25 basis point cut [3][19] - The reintroduction of tariffs under the Trump administration has created a dual structure, with varying rates applied to different countries, impacting market sentiment [3][19] Group 4 - Short-term outlook for U.S. stocks suggests a period of adjustment due to economic data showing weakness, particularly in employment and manufacturing [4][5] - Historical trends indicate that August is typically a weak month for U.S. stocks, often leading to corrections post-earnings season [4] - The S&P 500's market breadth has declined to 55%, reflecting a decrease in overall market participation [5][30] Group 5 - Gold ETFs saw mixed inflows, with significant increases in certain funds like Huaan Yifu Gold ETF (+$223 million) and Invesco Physical Gold ETC (+$195 million) [6][34] - Institutional investors slightly reduced their gold holdings, while retail investors increased theirs, indicating a shift in market sentiment towards gold [6][34] Group 6 - Global stock ETFs experienced a net inflow of $29.579 billion, with the U.S. leading at $19.55 billion, while Chinese stock ETFs saw a significant outflow of $5 billion [7][44] - The technology, financial, and communication sectors saw the highest net inflows, while healthcare, energy, and consumer discretionary sectors faced outflows [7][46]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve's Williams anticipates a slowdown in economic growth to approximately 1% this year [1] Economic Outlook - The expected economic growth rate for this year is around 1% [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve Governor Bowman indicated that delaying action could lead to a deterioration in the labor market and further slowdown in economic growth [1] Group 1 - The potential risks of inaction include worsening labor market conditions [1] - Economic growth may further decelerate if timely measures are not implemented [1]

日本央行行长植田和男：经济增长放缓、潜在通胀停滞的央行展望没有重大变化。 ...