智通财经记者 陈良贤 王亚赛 实习生 沈佳欣 特朗普曾预计， 本周"会有一次大幅降息" 当地时间 9 月 17 日，美国联邦储备委员会结束为期两天的货币政策会议，宣布将联邦基金利率目标区间下调 25 个基点到 4.00% 至 4.25% 之间。 这是美联储自 2024 年 12 月以来首次降息。会后公布的决议声明中，美联储指出美国就业增长已放缓、失业率略升，删除了劳动力市场稳健的表述，降息 的决定是"鉴于风险平衡已转变"。 通过回溯过往半个世纪的美国经济衰退期会看到，美联储在这些时期无一例外都采取了降息手段。 不过，美联储的降息也不完全只在严重的经济衰退时才会出现。 从 70 年代的石油危机、80 年代的储贷危机、90 年代的海湾战争，再到 21 世纪的互联网泡沫危机、2008 年的全球金融危机、2020 年的新冠大流行——每 一次降息周期中，美联储在解决的都是美国的经济问题。 这就是为何很多人会将降息视为"美国经济出现困境的信号"。 除了纾困式降息，美联储也会在预防潜在金融风险时做出较为温和的降息行动，也就是预防式降息。例如 1995 年亚洲爆发金融危机，为了解决潜在的衰 退风险，美联储通过降息来刺激经济， ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve is seen as the beginning of a new monetary policy phase rather than an end to economic challenges, with implications for both the U.S. and Chinese markets [2][30]. Group 1: Federal Reserve's Rate Cut - The Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis point rate cut, which was largely anticipated by the market [11][13]. - Historical data shows that previous rate cuts by the Federal Reserve have often led to significant increases in the Shanghai Composite Index, indicating a potential positive impact on Chinese stock markets [10][12]. - The decision to cut rates reflects a balancing act between maximizing employment and maintaining price stability, with current economic indicators suggesting a focus on employment due to rising unemployment rates [14][16]. Group 2: Market Reactions - Following the announcement, the U.S. dollar index saw a slight increase of 0.15%, while major stock indices experienced minor declines, indicating mixed market reactions [8]. - The rate cut is expected to have spillover effects on global financial markets, particularly influencing capital flows and exchange rates [9]. Group 3: Implications for China - The Federal Reserve's actions are likely to open up more monetary policy space for China, potentially leading to similar rate cuts by the People's Bank of China [35][37]. - Analysts suggest that the Chinese market may benefit from increased liquidity and a more favorable environment for equities and real estate as a result of the Fed's decision [36][47]. - The potential for a weaker U.S. dollar could also enhance the attractiveness of Chinese assets, providing a boost to exports [44]. Group 4: Economic Perspectives - Economists express concerns about the Federal Reserve's independence being challenged, which could undermine the credibility of the U.S. dollar and have broader implications for global markets [32][50]. - The ongoing political dynamics, particularly the influence of President Trump on the Federal Reserve, may complicate future monetary policy decisions [28][49].

Core Points - The Federal Reserve decided to lower the federal funds rate target range by 25 basis points to 4.00%-4.25%, marking its first rate cut since December 2024 [1] - Fed Chairman Powell indicated that the decision was made after balancing the risks of inflation and employment, noting a slower and smaller impact of tariffs on inflation and a weakening labor market [1] - Stephen Milan was confirmed as a new Fed governor, filling the vacancy left by the resignation of Adriana Kugler, with his term ending on January 31, 2026 [1] Group 1 - The Federal Reserve's decision to cut rates reflects a shift towards acknowledging the increased risk of promoting employment [1] - Powell emphasized the importance of data-driven arguments in maintaining the Fed's independence, despite concerns about Milan's dual role in the White House and the Fed [2] - Milan was the only voting member to dissent, advocating for a 50 basis point cut instead of the 25 basis points that were implemented [1]

新华财经纽约9月17日电（记者徐静）美国联邦储备委员会17日结束为期两天的货币政策会议，宣布将 联邦基金利率目标区间下调25个基点到4.00%至4.25%之间。这是美联储2025年第一次降息，也是继 2024年三次降息后再次降息。 当记者质疑美联储的独立性，鲍威尔表示："我们根据即将公布的数据开展工作，从不考虑其他任何事 情。我们现在的工作和以往一模一样。" 鲍威尔坦言，对于政策制定者来说，在不断上升的通胀和疲软的劳动力市场之间取得平衡，是一个截然 不同的困境。 至于下一步行动，鲍威尔表示，美联储将继续根据公布的数据、不断变化的经济前景和风险平衡来确定 适当的货币政策立场。"我们处于一会一议阶段……我们没有预设的路径。"鲍威尔强调，美联储"等 待"降息是正确的，不需要"迅速采取行动"。 美联储宣布降息后，当天美国股市收盘涨跌互现；美元指数跌至2022年2月以来的新低96.22；金价震荡 下跌。 富国银行投资研究所高级全球市场策略师斯科特·雷恩表示："联邦公开市场委员会的降息恰到好处，几 乎完全符合市场的预期。" 美联储货币政策制定机构联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）在会后发表的声明中表示："近期指标显示， 上半 ...

美联储最新利率决议以近乎全票的结果通过了25个基点的降息，唯一的反对票来自特朗普总统刚提名的盟友。 当地时间周三，美联储今年首次降息如期落地，联邦基金利率的目标区间从4.25%-4.5%降至4.00%-4.25%。 本次会议最大的意外在于，仅有一位官员投下了反对票。刚刚于周二宣誓就职新任理事的Stephen Miran反对本次决议，他主张进行幅度达 50个基点的更大幅度降息，这与特朗普长期以来的要求相呼应。 而曾在7月会议上因主张降息而投下反对票的美联储理事Christopher Waller和Michelle Bowman，此次选择与多数人站在一起。 KPMG首席经济学家Diane Swonk在接受采访时表示： "很明显，鲍威尔已经成功管束了这些特立独行的成员。" 特朗普盟友Miran亮相，就职次日投出反对票 Stephen Miran的加入，为美联储的政策讨论增添了新的变数。 作为总统的亲密盟友，Miran正从白宫经济顾问委员会主席的职位上无薪休假，以填补一个将于明年1月到期的美联储临时席位。他在宣誓就 职次日便投下唯一一张反对票，主张更激进的50基点降息。 据媒体此前报道，美联储的经济预测也暗示，有一位 ...

鲍威尔表示，美国失业率维持在低位但略有上升。通胀近期有所上升，仍处于略高水平。美国通胀风险 上行，就业风险下行。明年之后，多数通胀预期指标将符合2%的目标。预计今年和明年关税推动的价 格上涨趋势将持续。 据央视新闻消息，当地时间9月17日，美联储主席鲍威尔在联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）会议结束 后，在美联储总部举行新闻发布会。 当日，美联储最新的联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）货币政策会议纪要显示，美联储决定将联邦基金利 率目标区间下调25个基点，至4.00%-4.25%之间。这是美联储自2024年12月以来的首次降息。（央视记 者 刘旭） 当被问及白宫经济顾问委员会主席斯蒂芬·米兰加入美联储，该机构如何能保持其在公众眼中的独立性 时，鲍威尔表示，美联储"坚定致力于"保持其不受政治影响的独立性。 鲍威尔补充说，美联储应该观望关税、通胀和劳动力市场如何发展，然后再降息。 编辑 刘佳妮 ...

东吴证券首席经济学家芦哲对记者分析称，尽管美联储主席在FOMC（联邦公开市场委员会）中对货币政策决议只有一票，在形式上与其他委 员一致，但作为美联储的核心人物，其无论是在对内设置会议议程与引导讨论，还是在对外沟通表态上，均能对货币政策整体风向产生举足轻 重的影响。由于鲍威尔任期即将于2026年5月到期，因此选择一位更加鸽派的主席候选人成为了特朗普目前对美联储独立性干预最直接的手 段。 从种种迹象来看，美联储独立性面临的挑战才刚开始，一场更大的风暴或在酝酿。 图片来源：新华社 美联储独立性风暴暗流涌动。 据央视新闻报道，当地时间9月16日，美国白宫发言人表示，特朗普政府将就法院阻止撤换美联储理事莉萨·库克的裁决提出上诉。此前美国联 邦上诉法院裁定，阻止美国总统特朗普在美联储议息会议召开前将理事莉萨·库克撤职。 与此同时，特朗普提名的美联储理事斯蒂芬·米兰于16日宣誓就职，火速参与美联储9月利率决议，他与库克共处美联储会议桌的同一个角落， 两人之间仅隔着1名理事。 而到了明年，美联储主席鲍威尔将卸任，特朗普将通过提名新任主席对美联储施加更大影响。 罢免库克事件争议重重 特朗普政府罢免库克一案被视为对美联储独立性的 ...

当地时间17日，美国联邦储备委员会结束为期两天的货币政策会议，宣布将联邦基金利率目标区间下调 25个基点到4.00%至4.25%之间。这是美联储2025年第一次降息，也是继2024年三次降息后再次降息。 消息一出，投资者开始评估美联储利率决定和预测，美股闻风而动。与此同时，美联储能否维持其独立 性再次引发外界担忧。 就业增长放缓 风险平衡变化 美联储降息 美联储决策机构联邦公开市场委员会17日发布声明称，今年上半年美国经济活动增长有所放缓，就业增 长放缓，失业率小幅上升，通货膨胀率上升并在一定程度上保持高位。委员会寻求长期实现就业最大化 和2%的通货膨胀率。而经济前景的不确定性依然很高。委员会注意到了任务所面临的风险，并判断就 业的下行风险已经上升。为支持委员会达成目标，并考虑到风险平衡的转变，委员会决定将联邦基金利 率目标区间下调25个基点到4.00%至4.25%之间。 美联储预测显示，到年底将再降息50个基点，未来两年每年再降息25个基点。此外，美联储17日发布最 新一期经济前景预期，其中的"点阵图"显示，19名美联储官员中有9名预计今年将再进行两次降息，2位 预计再降息一次，6位认为不会进一步降息。 鲍 ...

Group 1 - The core point of the article is that the Federal Reserve has lowered the federal funds rate by 25 basis points, marking the first rate cut of the year, with expectations for further cuts in the coming months [2][4][5] - The Nasdaq Composite Index fell by 0.33%, while the Dow Jones Industrial Average rose by 0.57%, indicating mixed performance across major indices [1] - The market had anticipated the rate cut, with a 96% probability of a 25 basis point reduction prior to the announcement, and expectations for additional cuts in October and December [3][4] Group 2 - Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell indicated that the decision to cut rates was a "risk management decision" due to signs of a slowing labor market and rising inflation [5][6] - Powell emphasized a shift in focus from controlling inflation to ensuring "full employment," reflecting concerns about the labor market's health [6][7] - The article highlights the contrasting performance of large tech stocks, with companies like Tesla and Apple seeing slight gains, while others like Nvidia and Amazon experienced declines [1]

Group 1 - The Federal Reserve announced its first interest rate cut since December 2024, lowering rates by 25 basis points, signaling a shift in focus from combating inflation to boosting employment [1][4][7] - The Fed's statement removed previous affirmations of a strong labor market, acknowledging a slowdown in job growth and a slight increase in unemployment, indicating rising risks in employment [4][7] - The median expectation from the Fed's dot plot suggests a total rate cut of 0.5 percentage points by the end of the year, with two more 25 basis point cuts anticipated in the remaining meetings [4][10] Group 2 - Barclays Research predicts a slight increase in the unemployment rate and heightened risks in employment, suggesting the Fed may implement two more 25 basis point cuts in October and December [3][11] - The Fed's inflation forecasts have been adjusted, with the personal consumption expenditures (PCE) inflation expected to be 2.6% in 2026, indicating a longer path to achieving the 2% target [6][10] - The recent employment data shows a significant downward revision in non-farm payrolls, with the U.S. experiencing negative job growth over the past four months, justifying the 25 basis point cut [9][19] Group 3 - The appointment of Stephen I. Miran, a proponent of aggressive rate cuts, has introduced political dynamics into the Fed's decision-making process, as he voted against the 25 basis point cut [12][14] - The Fed's internal divisions regarding future rate cuts are evident, with varying predictions among officials about the number and magnitude of future cuts [15][19] - Market reactions to the rate cut have been mixed, with initial gains in U.S. stocks followed by a reversal, indicating uncertainty about the economic outlook and the effectiveness of the Fed's policies [17][19] Group 4 - Analysts express concerns that the current economic environment may lead to speculative bubbles if additional monetary easing is applied to an economy that is not weak [18][19] - The historical context of past rate cuts shows that while equities may experience volatility, gold often benefits from a declining dollar and increased demand for safe-haven assets during such periods [25][19] - The Fed's recent actions are seen as part of a broader trend towards a more dovish monetary policy framework, reflecting changing macroeconomic conditions and labor market dynamics [15][19]